Centropagidae Family - Marine Planktonic Copepods

Calanoida ( Order )	details
Diaptomoidea ( Superfamily )	details

Abbreviations or symbols

Centropagidae Giesbrecht, 1892 ( Diaptomoidea )

Ref.:

Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.58); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.52); Sars, 1902 (1903) (p.73); Esterly, 1905 (p.170); van Breemen, 1908 a (p.91); Gurney, 1931 a (p.85); Rose, 1933 a (p.183); Mori, 1937 (1964) (part., p.8, 55, clé des G); Brodsky, 1950 (1967) (p.314); Gonzalez & Bowman, 1965 (p.247); Bayly & Arnott, 1969 (Rev., p.190, 194, Genera Key); Andronov, 1974 a (p.1005); Kiefer, 1978 (p.55); Bowman & Abele, 1982 (p.9); Razouls, 1982 (p.430); Dussart & Defaye, 1983 (p.11); Brodsky & al., 1983 (p.141, 146); Sazhina, 1985 (p.115, N); Dussart, 1986 (p.63); Mauchline, 1988 (p.712: pores cuticulaires); Zheng Zhong & al., 1984 (1989) (p.242, Rem.); Razouls, 1993(p.307); Maly, 1996 (p.727); Chihara & Murano, 1997 (p.765); Barthélémy, 1999 a (p.23); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.884, 901, 904, 950); Bradford-Grieve,1999 b (p.131, Def.); Ohtsuka & Huys, 2001 (p.461); Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.12, 13; 49; 86: Def.; p.88: Genera Key); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.464, Genera Key); Blanco-Bercial & al., 2011 (p.103, Table 1, Fig.2, 3, 4, Biol. mol, phylogeny)
Bradford-Grieve J.M., (2002 onwards). Key to calanoid copepod families. Version 1 : 2 oct 2002. http://www.crustacea.net/crustace/calanoida/index.htm

Rem.:

This family comprises two marine genera: Centropages, Isias, the other are brackish- and freshwater genera (cf. in Dussart & Defaye, 1983, p.11 & foll.; Adamowicz & al., 2007, p.279 & foll.): Boeckella De Guerne & Richard,1889; Rev. Bayly,1964; Calamoecia Brady,1906; Gippslandia Bayly & Arnott,1969 (cf. in Bradford-Grieve,1999 b (p.140, Déf., Rem.); Gladioferens Henry,1919 (cf. in Dakin & Colefax, 1940, p.89; Bradford-Grieve,1999 b (p.141, Déf., Rem.); Hemiboeckella Sars,1912; Karukinka Menu-Marque,2002; Limnocalanus Sars,1863; [Metaboeckella Ekman,1905]; Neoboeckella Bayly,1992; Osphranticum Forbes,1882; Parabroteas Mrazek,1901; [Pseudoboeckella Mrazek,1901 = Boeckella]; Parathalassius Dussart,1986 (cf. in Bradford-Grieve,1999 b (p.147, Déf. Rem.); Sinocalanus Burckhardt, 1913; Cf. in Chihara & Murano, 1997 (p.767, Pl.87); [ Pseudolovenula Marukawa,1921 is a juvenile form of Megacalanus (Vervoort,1946, p.56)].

Additional information for this family

(1) Centropages Kröyer, 1849

Species, varieties and details

Ref.:

Kröyer, 1849 (in Damkaer & Damkaer, 1979, p.43); Brady, 1878 (p.64); Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.59, 303); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.53, clé spp.); Wheeler, 1901 (p.172); Sars, 1902 (1903) (p.74); Esterly, 1905 (p.171); van Breemen, 1908 a (p.92); A. Scott, 1909 (p.112); Sewell, 1929 (p.227); Gurney, 1931 a (p.87); Sewell, 1932 (p.227); Wilson, 1932 a (p.85, clé spp.); Rose, 1933 a (p.183, clé spp.); Mori, 1937 (1964) (p.57, clé spp.); Dakin & Colefax, 1940 (p.91, clé spp.); Farran, 1948 (n°11, p.3); Davis, 1949 (p.53); Brodsky, 1950 (1967) (p.315, clé spp.); Kasturirangan, 1963 (p.31, clé spp.); Tanaka, 1963 (p.7); Vervoort, 1964 b (p.308, Rem.: 5 species Groups); Chen & Zhang, 1965 (p.72, clé spp.); Gonzalez & Bowman, 1965 (p.247); Ramirez, 1966 (p.14); Björnberg, 1972 (p.32, Rem. N); Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.644, clé spp.); Razouls, 1982 (p.420); Gardner & Szabo, 1982 (p.351, Rem.); Zheng Zhong & al., 1984 (1989) (p.243, clé spp.); Mauchline, 1988 (p.711); McKinnon & Kimmerer, 1988 (p.171, 175, Rem.); Razouls, 1993 (p.307); Chihara & Murano, 1997 (p.765, clé spp.); Mauchline, 1998 (p.68: F; p.73: M; p.95: F, M); Mulyadi, 1998 (p.54, clé spp.); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.951: clé spp.); Bradford-Grieve,1999 b (p.131, Déf., Rem.); Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.90); Mulyadi, 2004 (p.123, spp. Key in Indonesian waters); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.464, 465: spp. Key)

Rem.:

type: Centropages typicus . 31 species + 3 doubtful :

Remarks on dimensions and sex ratio:

The mean female size is 1.586 mm (n= 29; S= 0,339; Cv= 0,214) and the mean male size is 1.490 mm (n= 28; S= 0,338; Cv= 0,227). The size ratio (M/F) is 0,946 ou 94,6 % (n= 28; S= 0,053; Cv= 0,056). The sex-ratio (F/M) is 1,03.

Vervoort (1964) divides Centropages species into 5 species groups: \"typicus\", \"furcatus\", \"hamatus\", \"orsinii\", \"violaceus\" according to the shape of the last thoracic somite, shape of abdomen, morphology of P5 and the male A1; subsequently, Ohtsuka & al. (2003, 2005) recognized 2 other groups: \"trispinosus\" and \"alcocki\".

(2) Gippslandia Bayly & Arnott, 1969

Species, varieties and details

Ref.:

Bayly & Arnott, 1969 (p.193

Rem.:

type: Gippslandia estuarina. 1sp.

(3) Isias Boeck, 1864

Species, varieties and details

Ref.:

Brady, 1878 (p.62); Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.60, 323); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.62); Sars, 1902 (1903) (p.78); van Breemen, 1908 a (p.96); Sewell, 1932 (p.232); Rose, 1933 a (p.189); Razouls, 1982 (p.431); Dussart & Defaye, 1983 (p.12); Razouls, 1993 (p.307); Mauchline, 1998 (p.70: F; p.73: M); Bradford-Grieve,1999 b (p.145, Déf.); Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.88); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.482)

Rem.:

3 spp:

Remarks on dimensions and sex ratio:

The mean female size is 1,413 mm (n= 3; S= 0,142; Cv= 0,10) and the mean male size is 1,373 mm (n= 3; S= 0,172; Cv= 0,125). The size ratio (M/F) is 0,972 ou 97,2 % (n= 3; S= 0,070; Cv= 0,072)

(4) Sinocalanus Burckhardt, 1913

Species, varieties and details

Ref.:

Orsi & al., 1983 (p.358)

Rem.:

Dulçaquicole and in estuaries.
Characteristics of the genus (After J.J. Orsi, T.E. Bowman, D.C. Marelli & A. Hutchinson, 1983, p.358-359) : 1- Pediger 5 with spine on each posterior corner. 2- Caudal rami without surface spinules. 3- A2 exopod longer than endopod. 4- A2 distal endopod segment not longer than wide. 5- A2 exopod 2nd segment not distally bilobed. 6- Mxp 2nd basipod segment with modified short setae. 7- P5 female with 2nd exopod segment without outer spine ; 1st endopod segment without inner seta. 8- Right P5 male with 1st basipod segment withoutmedial process ; 2nd basipod segment with medial process (except in S. solstitialis).

Additional information for the Centropagidae family ( back to the main information )

Remarks on the adult sizes :

The minimum and maximum values of the adult females are presented in Figure 1 for Centropages (1 to 29) and Isias (30 to 32).

figure 1

The species in the genera Centropages and Isias divide in several groups (Table I) of which the extreme sizes are 0.66 to 3 mm..

Table I: Centropages and Isias : Total length and localisation (E: epipelagic; L: littoral; B: bathypelagic; N : neritic; oc: oceanic)

Species	LG (mm) F, M	Localisation	Depth
C. brachiatus	1,3 à 2,5-3	Cosmop. cold waters, sub-Ant, sub-Trop	E
C. bradyi	-	Cosmop. sub-Ant, cold temperate	E - B
C. abdominalis	1,5 à 2,10	Warm temperate , sub-Arct, Arct ± brackish	L
C. aucklandicus	-	Cold temperate , sub-Antarct ?	L
C. calaninus	-	Cosmop. Tropic, cold temperate	E
C. caribbeanensis	-	(sub)- Tropic
C. chierchiae	-	sub- Tropic	E
C. elegans	-	Tropic
C. gracilis	-	Tropic	E
C. longicornis	-	Tropic, sub-Tropic	E
C. tenuiremis	-	Tropic, cold waters Pacif NW	N
C. typicus	-	Cold temperate, sub-Tropic	E, N, B
C. violaceus	-	Cosmop Tropic & sub-Tropic	E, oc
C. alcocki	± 1 à ± 1,5	Tropic, ± brackish	L
C. australiensis	-	Cold temperate	N
C. brevifurcus	-	Tropic ± brackish
C. dorsispinatus	-	Tropic	L
C. halinus	-	sub-Tropic, hyperhalin	L
C. hamatus	-	Cold temperate
C. karachiensis	-	Tropic	L - E
C. kröyeri	-	Tropic, warm temperate	E
C. natalensis	-	sub-Tropic
C. orsinii	-	Tropic	E
C. sinensis	-	Tropic
C. trispinosus	± 1 à ± 1,5	Tropic	L
I. clavipes	-	sub-Tropic, cold temperate	N
I. tropica	-	Tropic ± brackish	L
I. uncipes	-	Tropic, euryhalin	L
C. ponticus ± 1	± 1	Warm temperate	L

Two species show high variabilities, sizes between 1.3 and 3 mm, and correspond to cosmopolitan sub-Antarctic and temperate cold waters forms, or more or less deep subtropical waters.
Eleven species measure between 1,5 and 2,1 mm (37,93%) and are generally tropical or sub-tropical cosmopolites and/or in colder waters.
Fifteen species, measuring between 1.3 and 1.5 mm, live mostly in tropical and warm-temperate waters. One species ( C. ponticus ), in any case if it does not correspond to a variety of C. kröyeri, shows sizes slightly smaller than 1 mm in both females and males.