List species and varieties by family
Calanidae Dana, 1846 ( Calanoidea )
(1) Calanoides Brady, 1883
Rem.: type: Calanoides patagoniensis Brady,1883, not C. carinatus Kröyer,1849.
6 spp.

Redefinition from Bradford & Jillett (1974, p.9) :
- Cephalon and 1st thoracic segment partly fused.
- A1 male with segments 3 to 5 fused, though weak lines of separation are usually apparent.
- Mx2: 1st lobe with 5 setae.
- Mxp with fewer setae than in other calanids: terminal 5 segments with 4, 3, 2, 3 and 4 setae respectively.
- Male mouthparts reduced.
- Swimming legs without modification or ornamentation.
- 1st basipod (= coxopodite) of P5 with naked inner border in both sexes. Female P5 endopod with 6 setae. Male P5 endopods often reduced and unsegmented but never with more than 6 setae.
- Among the species of this genus, C. acutus has the least modified male mouthparts and C. philippinensis the most modified mouthparts.

[1] Calanoides acutus  (Giesbrecht, 1902)   (F,M)    [Figs]

Calanoides brevicornis    Lubbock, 1856   (F,M)
Syn.: Calanus brevicornis Lubbock,1856
Rem.: Cf. Calanoides carinatus

[2] Calanoides brevicornis  (Lubbock, 1856)   (F,M)    [Figs]

[3] Calanoides carinatus  (Krøyer, 1848)   (F,M)    [Figs]

[4] Calanoides macrocarinatus  Brodsky, 1967   (F,M)

Calanoides natalensis    Brady, 1914   (F,M)
Syn.: Calanoides natalis Brady, 1914 (p.4, figs.F,M); Sewell, 1929 (p.25); 1948 (p.429, 540, Rem.)
Ref.: Vervoort, 1951 (p.42, 55, Rem.)
Loc: Afr. S (Durban Bay)
Rem.: De Decker, 1984 (p.323). sp. douteuse. ? Cf. Calanoides carinatus

[5] Calanoides natalis  Brady, 1914   (F,M)    [Figs]

[6] Calanoides patagoniensis  Brady, 1883   (F,M)    [Figs]

[7] Calanoides philippinensis  Kitou & Tanaka, 1969   (F,M)    [Figs]
(2) Calanus Leach, 1816
Rem.: type: Monoculus finmarchicus Gunnerus, 1770. 14 spp.

Redefinition after Bradford-Grieve (1994, p.299) :
- Cephalon and 1st thoracic segment partly fused.
- A1 male with segments 3 to 5 fused in some cases.
- Mouthparts the same in both sexes;
- Mx2 with 5 or 6 setae on the 1st inner lobe.
- Swimming legs without modification or ornamentation.
- P5 with a toothed inner border on the 1st basipods (= coxopodite) in both sexes.
- Female P5 endopod with 8 setae;
- Male P5 with both rami 3-segmented, both endopods with 8 setae.

Marshall & Orr (1972, p.159-166 & litt.) underline the role of this genus in the food web, particularly as source of food for various planktonic forms and fishes, euphausids, whales, basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus), and even sea birds. In Antarctic, the chief food during the polar summer of Euphausia superba are copepods. In the Arctic other euphausids ( Thysanoesssa, Meganyctiphanes) or Calanus or a mixture. On the Norwegian coast Balaenopterus borealis (Sei whale) lives chiefly on copepods, especially Calanus finmarchicus (Hjort & Ruud, 1929; Hjort, 1933). For whales F.C Fraser (pers. comm.) has calculated thet the mouth of a right whale has a capacity of 1.5 m3, and that the corresponding figure for a rorqual is 2-3 times as much. The basking shark can filtered 2000 m3 per hour through the gill rakers.

Calanus aculeatus    Brady, 1918   (F)
Ref.: Brady, 1918 (p.14, figs.)
Loc: Antarct. & sub-Antarct. (Maria Is., Lusitania Bay)
Rem.: ? Cf. C. simillimus ou Calanus propinquus

Calanus acutus    Giesbrecht, 1902   (F,M)
Ref.: Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 77, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Calanoides acutus

[1] Calanus agulhensis  De Decker, Kaczmaruk & Marska, 1991   (F,M)    [Figs]

[2] Calanus australis  Brodsky, 1959   (F,M)    [Figs]

Calanus australis atlanticus    Brodsky, 1959   (M)
Ref.: Brodsky, 1959 a (p.1546, figs.F,M); 1961 (p.18, figs.F,M); Grice & Hulsemann, 1967 (p.20)
Loc: off Argentine
Lg.: (339) F: 3-2,7; M: 3,1-2,7

Calanus australis pacificus    Brodsky, 1959   (F,M)
Ref.: Brodsky, 1959 a (p.1546, figs.F,M); 1961 (p.17, figs.F,M)
Lg.: (339) F: 3,4-2,5; M: 3,3-2,8 (N-Z); F: 3,4-2,5; M: 3,3-3,1 (off Chili)

Calanus brevicornis    Lubbock, 1856   (F,M)
Rem.: Cf. Calanoides carinatus

Calanus carinatus    Kröyer, 1848   (F,M)
Rem.: Cf. Calanoides carinatus

Calanus caroli    Giesbrecht, 1888   (F,M)
Rem.: Cf. Cosmocalanus caroli

[3] Calanus chilensis  Brodsky, 1959   (F,M)    [Figs]

Calanus cristatus    Kröyer, 1845   (F,M)
Ref.: Kröyer, 1845 (in Damkaer & Damkaer, 1979, p.22); Tanaka, 1938 (p.599, figs.F,M, Rem.); Tanaka & Omori, 1967 (p.241); Shih & al., 1971 (p.144); Brodsky & al., 1983 (p.176, figs.F,M, Rem.); Fleminger, 1985 (p.275, 285, fig.); Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Neocalanus cristatus

Calanus darwini    Lubbock, 1860   (F,M)
Syn.: Undina darwini Lubbock, 1860; Undinula darwini A. Scott, 1909 (p.17); Calanus ramosus Mori, 1929
Ref.: Wolfenden, 1911 (p.193); Chiba, 1953 (p.235); Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Cosmocalanus darwini

[4] Calanus euxinus  Hulsemann, 1991   (F,M)    [Figs]

[5] Calanus finmarchicus  (Gunnerus, 1770)   (F,M)    [Figs]

Calanus finmarchicus finmarchicus    Gunnerus, 1770   
Ref.: Aurich, 1966 (p.246, figs.F,M, Rem.); Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.118); Fleminger, 1985 (p.285)
Rem.: Cf. Calanus finmarchicus

Calanus finmarchicus glacialis    Jaschnov, 1955   (F,M)
Ref.: Aurich, 1966 (p.246, figs.F,M); Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.65, 80, 118, figs.F,M, Rem)
Rem.: Cf. Calanus glacialis

Calanus finmarchicus helgolandicus    Claus, 1863   (F,M)
Syn.: Cetochilus helgolandicus Claus, 1863 (p.171, figs.F,M)
Ref.: Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.89); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.14); Aurich, 1966 (p.246, figs.F,M)
Rem.: Cf. Calanus helgolandicus

Calanus finmarchicus pontica    Karavaev, 1893   (F,M)
Ref.: Karavaev, 1893 (p.3, figs.F,M); Hulsemann, 1991(p.620, Rem.)
Loc: Mer Noire
Rem.: Cf. Calanus euxinus

Calanus finmarchicus telezkensis    Stalberg, 1931   (F)
Rem.: Variété relicte surprenante du fait de son adaptation dulçaquicole et son isolement qui nécessite confirmation. (voir in Vereshchagin, G.J., 1940. Int. Rev. Gesamten Hydrobiol. Hydrogr., 40: 390-419.)

Calanus fonsecai    Oliveira, 1945   (F)
Ref.: Oliveira, 1945 a (p.458, figs.F)
Loc: Brésil
Rem.: Cf. Paracalanus sp .

[6] Calanus glacialis  Jaschnov, 1955   (F,M)    [Figs]

Calanus gracilis    Dana, 1849   (F,M)
Syn.: Cetochilus longiremis Claus, 1863 (p.171, fig.F); Megacalanus gracilis : A. Scott, 1909 (p.12)
Rem.: Cf. Neocalanus gracilis

[7] Calanus helgolandicus  (Claus, 1863)   (F,M)    [Figs]

Calanus helgolandicus ponticus    Jashnov, 1955   (F,M)
Ref.: .: Cf. Calanus euxin

[8] Calanus hyperboreus  Kröyer, 1838   (F,M)    [Figs]

[9] Calanus jashnovi  Hulsemann, 1994   (F,M)    [Figs]

Calanus lighti    Bowman, 1955   (F,M)
Ref.: Bowman, 1955 (p.414, figs.F,M); Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Mesocalanus lighti

Calanus macrocarinatus    Brodsky, 1967   (F,M)
Ref.: Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76)
Rem.: Cf. Calanoides macrocarinatus

Calanus magellanicus    Dana, 1842   
Ref.: Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.679); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.51); Fagetti, 1962 (p.5); Björnberg, 1973 (p.283: Rem.)
Loc: Chili (Patagonie S)
Rem.: sp. imprécise, non citée depuis sa description.

[10] Calanus marshallae  Frost, 1974   (F,M)    [Figs]

Calanus minor    Claus, 1863   (F,M)
Syn.: Cetochilus minor Claus, 1863 (p.172); Calanus valgus Brady,1883 (p.33, figs.F,M); Calanus appressus Dahl,1894
Ref.: Wheeler, 1901 (p.165, figs.F, Rem.); Sewell, 1912 (p.354); Bradford, 1988 (p.76, 79, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Nannocalanus minor

Calanus orientalis    Marukawa, 1908   
Ref.: Sewell, 1948 (p.407, Rem.); Hulsemann, 1994 (p.1467, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Undinula vulgaris

Calanus orientalis    Jaschnov, 1975   (F,M)
Ref.: Jaschnov, 1975 (p.35, figs.F,M,); Bradford, 1988 (p.78, Rem.); Hulsemann, 1994 (p.1467)
Rem.: Cf. Calanus jashnovi

[11] Calanus pacificus  Brodsky, 1948   (F,M)    [Figs]

Calanus pacificus californicus    Brodsky, 1959   (F,M)
Syn.: C. finmarchicus : Esterly, 1924 (p.83, figs.F,M);
Ref.: Brodsky, 1962 a (p.1416); Kun, 1969 (p.997, figs.F, Rem.); Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.9, 82, 119, fig.); Brodsky & al., 1983 (p.170, figs.F,M, Rem.); Fleminger, 1985 (p.275, figs.F,M); Bradford, 1988 (p.78); Bucklin & al., 1995 (p.658); Hill & al., 2001 (p.279, fig.2: phylogénie)
Loc: Californie
Lg.: (131) F: 3,4-2,6; M: 2,75-2,56

Calanus pacificus japonicus    Brodsky, 1959   (F,M)
Ref.: Brodsky, 1959 a (p.1545, figs.F,M); 1961 (p.16, figs.F,M)
Loc: Detr. Tartar, I. Sakhaline (côte), Amur Bay
Lg.: (339) F: 3,1-2,7; M: 2,8-2,6

Calanus pacificus oceanicus    Brodsky, 1959   (F,M)
Syn.: non Calanus orientalis Jaschnov, 1975
Ref.: Brodsky, 1959 a (p.1545, figs.F,M); 1961 (p.15, figs.F,M); 1962 a (p.1416); 1962 c (p.97); Kun, 1969 (p.997, figs.F, Rem.); Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.9, 82); Vyshkvartzeva, 1977 a (p.98, figs.F); Brodsky & al., 1983 (p.166, Rem., figs.F,M); Bradford, 1988 (p.78, Rem.); Flint & al., 1991 (p.199); Bucklin & al., 1995 (p.658); Hill & al., 2001 (p.279, fig.2: phylogénie)
Loc: Kouriles, Alaska, Mer du Japon, Mer Jaune
Lg.: (131) F: 3,15-2,65; M: 2,9-2,7; (339) F; 3,2-2,8; M: 3,1-2,8

Calanus pacificus pacificus    Brodsky, 1948   (F,M)
Ref.: Brodsky, 1962 a (p.1416); 1972 (1975) (p.9, 82, 120); Brodsky & al., 1983 (p.164, figs.F,M, Rem.); Bradford,1988 (p.78)
Loc: Hokkaido, Mer du Japon
Lg.: (131) F: 2,95-2,5; M: 2,8-2,7

Calanus pacificus var. ?     Brodsky, 1961   (F,M)
Ref.: Brodsky, 1961 (p.16, figs.F)
Loc: Tsindao, Mer Jaune
Lg.: (339) F: 3,2-2,4; M: 2,7-2,6

Calanus patagoniensis    Brady, 1883   (F,M)
Syn.: Calanoides patagoniensis Brady, 1883 (p.75, figs.F,M); Calanus brevicornis : Dahl,1894
Ref.: Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Calanoides patagoniensis

Calanus pauper    Giesbrecht, 1888   (F,M)
Ref.: Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Canthocalanus pauper

Calanus plumchrus    Marukawa, 1921   (F,M)
Ref.: Shih & al., 1971 (p.144); Brodsky & al., 1983 (p.180, figs.F.M, Rem.); Fleminger, 1985 (p.275, 285, fig.); Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Neocalanus plumchrus

Calanus ponticus    Karavaev, 1893   (F,M)
Syn.: Calanus finmarchicus ponticus Karavaev,1893; Calanus helgolandicus Karavaev,1895; Calanus helgolandicus ponticus Jaschnov,1955; Kovalev & al.1975 (p.195)
Ref.: Fleminger & Hulsemann, 1987 (p.47); Hulsemann, 1991(p.620, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Calanus euxinus

[12] Calanus propinquus  Brady, 1883   (F,M)    [Figs]

Calanus ramosus    Mori, 1929   
Ref.: Sewell, 1948 (p.407, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Cosmocalanus darwini

Calanus robustior    Giesbrecht, 1888   (F,M)
Syn.: Calanus comptus : T. Scott, 1894 b (p.26, figs.M); Megacalanus robustior : A. Scott, 1909 (p.13)
Ref.: Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.91, figs.F,M); Marques, 1958 (p.205, fig.F); Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Neocalanus robustior

[13] Calanus simillimus  Giesbrecht, 1902   (F,M)    [Figs]

[14] Calanus sinicus  Brodsky, 1965   (F,M)    [Figs]

Calanus syunpuensis    Kurasige, 1931   
Ref.: non consultée; Sewell, 1948 (p.407, 555, 560); Hulsemann, 1994 (p.1468, Rem.)
Loc: Tokyo Bay
Rem.: sp. non citée depuis son descripteur. ? Cf. Calanus sinicus (juv.)

Calanus tenuicornis    Dana, 1849   (F,M)
Ref.: Bowman, 1955 (p.413, 418, figs.F,M); Corral Estrada, 1970 (p.64, figs.F, M); Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Mesocalanus tenuicornis

Calanus tonsus    Brady, 1883   (F,M)
Syn.: non C. tonsus : Brady, 1918 (p.14); Tanaka, 1954 (p.29, figs.F,M)
Ref.: Brady, 1883 (p.34, figs.F); Campbell, 1934 (p.5, Rem., figs. N, juv., F,M); Vervoort, 1957 (p.27, Rem.); Jillett, 1968 (p.19, figs.M, Rem.); Fleminger, 1985 (p.275, 285,fig.); Sazhina, 1985 (p.25, figs.N); Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Neocalanus tonsus

Calanus vulgaris    Dana, 1849   (F,M)
Syn.: Undina vulgaris (M) Dana,1849; Undina longipes Lubbock,1856; Calanus orientalis Marukawa,1908
Ref.: Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.92, figs.F,M); Wolfenden, 1911 (p.193); Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Undinula vulgaris

Calanus vulgaris plumosus    Wolfenden, 1905   
Ref.: Wolfenden, 1905 (p.994, figs.F)
Rem.: Forme anormale. Cf. Undinula vulgaris plumosus
(3) Canthocalanus A. Scott, 1909
Rem.: type: Calanus pauper Giesbrecht, 1888. 1 sp.

Redefinition after Bradford & Jillett (1974, p.10) :
- Cephalon and 1st thoracic segment fused.
- Mouthparts same in both sexes;
- Mx2 with 4 setae on the 1st inner lobe.
- P1: 1st basipod (= coxopodite) anterior margin terminates in a well defined projection; 2nd basiopod with distal seta on anterior surface modified into a proximally thickened spine.
- P2 to P4 without modification or ornamentation.
- P5 with the inner border of the 1st basipod (= coxopodite) naked in both sexes.
- Female P5 endopod with 7 setae. Male P5 with both rami 3-segmented, hardly modified on right; left endopod with only 2 terminal setae.
- For the authors, this genus occupies an intermediate position between those genera with a dentate inner border to the P5 coxopodite and also with similar mouthparts in both sexes, and those genera with a naked inner border to the P5 coxopodite and reduced male mouthparts.

Canthocalanus minor    Claus, 1863   (F,M)
Syn.: Cetochilus minor Claus, 1863 (p.172)
Ref.: Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.116, figs.F,M)
Rem.: Cf. Nannocalanus minor

Canthocalanus minor major    Sewell, 1929   
Ref.: Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.116)
Rem.: Cf. Nannocalanus minor major

Canthocalanus minor minor    Sewell, 1929   
Ref.: Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.116)
Rem.: Cf. Nannocalanus minor minor

[1] Canthocalanus pauper  (Giesbrecht, 1888)   (F,M)    [Figs]

Canthocalanus pauper plumulosus    Sewell, 1912   
Ref.: Sewell, 1912 (p.355, Rem.); 1914 a (p.193, Rem.); Früchtl, 1924 b (p.12, figs.M); Sewell, 1929 (p.26: Rem.); Vervoort, 1951 (p.37, Rem.); Krishnaswamy, 1953 (p.108); Mauchline, 1987 (p.719)
Loc: Indien NE
Rem.: Cf. Canthocalanus pauper
(4) Cosmocalanus Bradford & Jillett, 1974
Rem.: type: Undina darwini Lubbock,1860. Total: 2 spp.

Definition from Bradford & Jillett (1974, p.12) :
- Cephalon and 1st thoracic segment fused.
- A1 of male with segments 3 to 5 fused.
- Postero-lateral corners of cephalothorax pointed in female.
- Mouthparts similar in both sexes.
- 1st inner lobe of Mx2 with 5 setae.
- Basal segments of the swimming legs ornamented with spines; these spines on the anterior surface of 1st basisipods of P1, and P3 to P5 in the famale; and P1, P3 and P4 in the male; these spines also on the posterior surface of 2nd basipods of P2 and P3.
- P5 of both sexes with teeth on the inner borders of the 1st basipods.
- Female P5 endopods with 7 setae.
- Male P5 with 1-segmented, rudimentary left endopod; left exopod highly modified compared with Calanus type: 1st exopodal segment normal; 2nd segment external spine very elongate with inner peg-like projection: 3rd segment elongate and complicated. Right leg not modified.

[1] Cosmocalanus caroli  (Giesbrecht, 1888)   (F, M)    [Figs]

[2] Cosmocalanus darwini  (Lubbock, 1860)   (F,M)    [Figs]

Cosmocalanus darwini intermedia    Sewell, 1929   (F)
Syn.: Undinula darwini intermedia Sewell, 1929 (p.45, figs.F); Vervoort, 1946 (p.80, Rem.); Sewell, 1951 (p.367); Grice, 1962 (p.180, figs.F); Kasturirangan, 1963 (p.14, fig.F)
Ref.: Bradford-Grieve, 1994 (p.35, Rem.)
Loc: Inde, Indo-Malaisie, Nouvelle-Zélande
Lg.: (28) F: 2,15-1,75; (101) F: 2,07-1,84

Cosmocalanus darwini typica    Sewell, 1929   
Syn.: Undinula darwini typica Sewell, 1929 (p.43, figs.F); Vervoort, 1946 (p.78, Rem.); Sewell, 1951 (p.367); Grice, 1962 (p.180, figs.F); Kasturirangan, 1963 (p.14, fig.F)
Ref.: Bradford-Grieve, 1994 (p.35)
Loc: Inde, Indo-Malaisie, Nouvelle-Zélande
Lg.: (28) F: 2,05-1,8; (29) F: 1,66; (101) F: 2,18-1,8

Cosmocalanus darwini symmetrica    Sewell, 1929   
Syn.: Undinula darwini symmetrica Sewell, 1923 (p.45); 1929 (p.45); Vervoort, 1946 (p.78, Rem.); Sewell, 1951 (p.367); Grice, 1961 (1962) (p.180, figs.F); Kasturirangan, 1963 (p.14, fig.F); Vidal,1968 (p.17, figs.F,M)
Loc: Inde, Indo-Malaisie
Lg.: (28) F: 2,05-1,7; (101) F: 2,04-1,8; (187) F: 2,58-2,45; M: 2,23-2,03
(5) Mesocalanus Bradford & Jillett, 1974
Rem.: For Brodsky (1980: pers. comm.) the creation of this genus appears not well guaranteed. Type : Calanus tenuicornis Dana,1849. Total: 2 spp.

Definition from Bradford & Jillett (1974, p.12) :
- Cephalon and 1st thoracic segment separate.
- A1 with segments 8 and 9 fused in female; in male segments 3 to 5, 7 and 8, and 9 and 10, fused.
- Male mouthparts reduced.
- Mx2 with 6 setae on the 1st inner lobe.
- Swimming legs P1 to P4 without modification or ornamentation.
- 1st basipod (coxopodite) of P5 with a smooth inner border in both sexes. P5 endopod of female with 7 setae. P5 male with both rami 3-segmented, endopods with 7 setae.
- For the authors, this genus is intermediate between Neocalanus and Calanoides.

[1] Mesocalanus lighti  (Bowman, 1955)   (F,M)    [Figs]

[2] Mesocalanus tenuicornis  (Dana, 1849)   (F,M)    [Figs]
(6) Nannocalanus Sars, 1925
Rem.: type: Cetochilus minor Claus,1863. Total: 2 spp.

Definition after Bradford-Grieve (1994, p.39) :
- Cephalon and pedigerous segment 1 fused in both female and male. Otherwise very similar to Calanus.
- Right and left spermathecae fused on female genital segment.
- Male A1 with segments 1-2, 3-5, 24-25 fused.
- Male right P5 like other swimming legs, i.e, with setae on the inner border of the exopod, left endopod without setae, left exopod with outer edge spines greatly elongated.
- For the authors, it was incorrect in treating Nannocalanus as a synonym of Calanus (Bradford & Jillett, 1974, p.9) because N. minor would have been the only male in Calanus which had the exopod of the right P5 like the other swimming legs. That is, it has inner edge setae. Also the male P5 has a reduced number of setae or spines on the endopods and left exopod segment 3 compared with Calanus. The female of N. minor would have been the only female with the right and left spermathecae apparently fused (Brodsky, 1972). Brodsky (1972) considers Nannocalanus to be a junior synonym of Canthocalanus and erroneously assigns N. minor as its type species. This conclussion cannot be supported.

[1] Nannocalanus elegans  Andronov, 2001   (F,M)    [Figs]

[2] Nannocalanus minor  (Claus, 1863)   (F,M)    [Figs]

Nannocalanus minor f.major    Sewell, 1929   (F)
Ref.: Sewell, 1929 (p.21, figs.F); 1951 (p.363, Rem.); Marques, 1953 (p.91); 1958 (p.205); Grice, 1962 (p.177); Marques, 1973 (p.232); Ambler & Miller, 1987 (tab.2, 3, 4, 5); Bucklin & al., 1996 (p.285); Lapernat, 1999 (p.10); Andronov, 2001 (p.281: Rem.); Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.81: fig.M)
Loc: Chili, Indien, Angola, Is. Sao Tomé et Principe, mar del Plata, Lisbonne, Gulf Stream, off Malte, off Hawaii NE
Lg.: (28) F: 2,09-1,53; (29) F: 1,64-1,55; (340) F: 1,9
Rem.: épipélagique, 1500 m (off Malte)

Nannocalanus minor f. minor    Sewell, 1929   (F)
Ref.: Sewell, 1929 (p.22, figs.F, juv.V); 1951 (p.363); Krishnaswamy, 1953 (p.107); Marques, 1974 (p.11); Ambler & Miller, 1987 (tab.2, 3, 4, 5); Bucklin & al., 1996 (p.285); Andronov, 2001 (p.281: Rem.)
Loc: Indien, Is. du Cap Vert, Gulf Stream, off Hawaii NE
Lg.: (28) F: 1,38-1,26; (29) F: 1,49-1,32; (795) F: 1,5
(7) Neocalanus Sars, 1925
Rem.: type: Calanus gracilis Dana,1849. Total: 6 spp.

Redefinition after Bradford & Jillett (1974, p.10) :
- Cephalon and 1st thoracic segment fused or separate.
- A1 male may have segments 24 and 25 fused.
- Male, and sometimes female, mouthparts reduced; Mx2 with 6 setae on 1st inner lobe.
- P2, in both sexes, with a recurved spine at the outer distal border of the 1st exopodal segment. 1st basipod (= coxopodite) of P5 with inner border naked in both sexes.
- Male P5 with both rami 3-segmented; left leg modified, endopod usually with 8 setae; right leg unmodified, or with inner edge setae of exopod absent.
- For the authors, N. gracilis and N. robustior are very closely related, both having the cephalon and 1st thoracic segment fused; the A1 male with segment 25 very small and fused to segment 24. N. plumchrus has the greatest mouthpart reduction in the both sexes.

After Ohtsuka & Nishida (2019, p.575), the divergence and colonization of Neocalanus are deduced in accord with Cenozoic events (< - 55 million years) (Machida & al., 2006; Ohtsuka & al., 2009). The taxa showing antitropical distributions are characterized by adaptationj to seasonal phytoplankton blpoom and by ontogenetic vertical migration, consistent with their origin in the Oligocene (- 34-23 million years). In addition, The existence of three Northern Hemisphere species suggests that speciation could have occurred in marginal seas after the Miocene (- 23-5.3 million years)

[1] Neocalanus cristatus  (Kröyer, 1845)   (F,M)    [Figs]

[2] Neocalanus flemingeri  Miller, 1988   (F,M)    [Figs]

[3] Neocalanus gracilis  (Dana, 1849)   (F,M)    [Figs]

Neocalanus lighti    Bowman, 1955   (F,M)
Syn.: Calanus lighti Bowman, 1955 (p.414, figs.F,M); Mullin, 1969 (p.438, biogéo).
Ref.: Brodsky & al., 1983 (p.189, figs.F,M, Rem.); Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76, Rem. )
Rem.: Cf. Mesocalanus lighti

[4] Neocalanus plumchrus  (Marukawa, 1921)   (F,M)    [Figs]

[5] Neocalanus robustior  (Giesbrecht, 1888)   (F,M)    [Figs]

Neocalanus tenuicornis    Dana, 1849   (F,M)
Syn.: Calanus tenuicornis Dana,1849; Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.90, figs.F,M); A. Scott, 1909 (p.8); Rose, 1933 a (p.62, figs.F,M); Vervoort, 1946 (p.22); Mullin, 1969 (p.438, biogéo); Marshall & Orr, 1972 (p.8);
Ref.: Brodsky & al., 1983 (p.185, figs.F,M, Rem); Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Mesocalanus tenuicornis

[6] Neocalanus tonsus  (Brady, 1883)   (F,M)    [Figs]
(8) Undinula A. Scott, 1909
Rem.: Type: Undina vulgaris Dana,1849. Total: 1 sp.

Redefinition after Bradford & Jillett (1974, p.11) :
- cephalon and 1st thoracic segment fused.
Female thoracic corners extend postero-laterally into 1 or 2 points.
- Mouthparts similar in both sexes; Mx2 1st inner lobe with 6 setae.
- P2 with invaginate outer proximal border of the 2nd exopodal segment in both sexes.
- P5 1st basipod (= coxopodite) with inner border naked in both sexes; Female P5 endopod with 7 setae; those on the 1st and 2nd segments spine-like. Male left P5 hihhly modified; outer edge spines of 1st and 2nd exopodal segments very elongate and the 3rd segment very modified; endopod absent. Male right P5 with both rami 3-segmented, endopod with reduced setation, 2nd exopodal segment with outer distal border elongate extending as far as the 1st outer spuine of segment 3.
- The authors have removed U; darwini Lubbock,1860 and U. caroli Giesbrecht,1888 from this genus as they both differ from Undinula vulgaris as follows: the inner borders of the basipod of P5 are toothed; P5 male though superficially similar, are modified in a completely different manner; the outer margins of the 2nd exopods of P2 are not invaginate; and the setae on the two basal endopodal segments of the female P5 are not thickened and spine-like.

Undinula caroli    Giesbrecht, 1888   (M)
Syn.: Calanus caroli Giesbrecht,1888; 1892 (p.91, fig.F); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.17); non Wolfenden, 1905 (p.994, fig.F); non Sewell, 1912 (p.356)
Ref.: Sewell, 1929 (p.46); Marques, 1982 (p.751, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Cosmocalanus caroli

Undinula caroli plumulosus    Sewell, 1912   
Ref.: Sewell, 1912 (p.357)
Rem.: Cf. Cosmocalanus caroli

Undinula darwini    Lubbock, 1860   (F,M)
Syn.: Undina darwinii Lubbock,1860; Brady, 1883 (p.54, figs.F,M); Calanus darwini : Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.91, figs.F,M); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.17)
Ref.: Sewell, 1914 a (p.197); Carvalho, 1952 a (p.139); Marques, 1976 (p.986); Zheng Zhong & al., 1984 (1989) (p.228, fig.F,M)
Rem.: Cf. Cosmocalanus darwini

Undinula darwini caroli    Sewell, 1914   
Ref.: Sewell, 1914 a (p.198, Rem.)
Rem.: Cf. Cosmocalanus caroli

Undinula darwini intermedia    Sewell, 1929   (F)
Ref.: Sewell, 1929 (p.45, figs.F)
Rem.: Cf. Cosmocalanus darwini intermedia

Undinula darwini symmetrica    Sewell, 1929   (F)
Ref.: Sewell, 1929 (p.45)
Rem.: Cf. Cosmocalanus darwini symmetrica

Undinula darwini typica    Sewell, 1929   (F)
Ref.: Sewell, 1929 (p.43, figs.F); Marques, 1982 (p.751)
Rem.: Cf. Cosmocalanus darwini typica

[1] Undinula vulgaris  (Dana, 1849)   (F,M)    [Figs]

Undinula vulgaris giesbrechti    Sewell, 1929   (F)
Syn.: Undinula vulgaris major Vervoort, 1946 (p.73); Tanaka, 1960 (p.20); Wickstead, 1963 (p.293: parasite)
Ref.: Sewell, 1929 (p.31); Vervoort, 1946 (p.73, Rem.); Krishnaswamy, 1953 (p.109); Brodsky, 1962 c (p.105, figs.F); Kasturirangan, 1963 (p.13, fig.F); Vervoort, 1963 b (p.84); Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.120); Greenwood, 1976 (p.9, fig.F); Zheng Zhong & al., 1984 (1989) (p.228, figs.F, M); Fleminger, 1986 (p.92, figs.F)
Loc: Australie (Baie Moreton), Indonésie, Zanzibar Channel, Inde, Caraïbes, Pacif. NW
Lg.: (28) F: 3-2,5; (66) F: 2,81-2,52; M: 2,41; (795) F: 2,5; M: 2

Undinula vulgaris plumosus    Wolfenden, 1906   
Syn.: Calanus vulgaris plumosus Wolfenden, 1905 (1906) (p.994, figs.F)
Ref.: Sewell, 1912 (p.353, 356); 1929 (p.31); 1948 (p.407)
Rem.: Cf. Undinula vulgaris

Undinula vulgaris typica    Sewell, 1929   (F)
Syn.: Undinula vulgaris minor : Sewell, 1929 (p.37); Tanaka, 1960 (p.20)
Ref.: Sewell, 1929 (p.31); Vervoort, 1946 (p.73, Rem.); Brodsky, 1962 c (p.105, fig.F); Kasturirangan, 1963 (p.13, fig.F); Vervoort, 1963 b (p.84, Rem.); Björnberg, 1963 (p.16); Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.120); Greenwood, 1976 (p.9, fig.F), Goswami & al., 1977 (tab.3); Sazhina, 1985 (p.30, figs.N); Fleminger, 1986 (figs.F, p.92)
Loc: G. de Mannar, Is. Seychelles, Inde W
Lg.: (28) F: 3,05-2,25; (29) F: 2,189-1,868; (66) F: 1,86; M: 1,87-1,84

Undinula vulgaris zeylanica    Sewell, 1929   (F)
Syn.: Undinula vulgaris major : Sewell, 1929 (p.37)
Ref.: Sewell, 1929 (p.32, 37); Vervoort, 1946 (p.73, Rem.); Brodsky, 1962 c (p.105, fig.F); Kasturirangan, 1963 (p.13, Rem.); Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.120); Fleminger, 1986 (p.92, figs.F)
Loc: G. de Mannar
Lg.: (28) F: 2,75-2,35

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