Species Card of Copepod
Cyclopoida ( Order )
    Sapphirinidae ( Family )
        Sapphirina ( Genus )
Sapphirina lactens  Giesbrecht, 1892   (F,M)
Ref.:
Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.619, 641, 775, Descr.F, figs.F); Pesta, 1920 (p.639, fig.F); Lehnhofer, 1929 (p.280, figs.M); Rose, 1933 a (p.310, figs.F,M); Lysholm & al., 1945 (p.43); Sewell, 1948 (p.420, 462); C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.321, fig.F); Pucher, 1952 (p.102); Crisafi, 1966 (p.661, fig. juv.); Crisafi & Mazza, 1966 (p.597, figs.F,M, Rem.); Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.671, figs.M); Shuvalov, 1976 ( in Kos, 1976, Vol. II, figs.F, M, Rem.); Zheng & al., 1982 (p.115, figs.F); Hure & Krsinic, 1998 (p.104); Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.653); Vives & Shmeleva, 2010 (p.376, figs.F,M, Rem.)
Species Sapphirina lactens - Plate 1 of morphological figuresissued from : P. Crisafi & J. Mazza in Atti Soc. pelorit. Sci. fis. mat. nat., 1966, XII (3/4). [p.598, Fig.20].
Female (from Strait of Messina): habitus (dorsal).


Species Sapphirina lactens - Plate 2 of morphological figuresissued from : P. Crisafi & J. Mazza in Atti Soc. pelorit. Sci. fis. mat. nat., 1966, XII (3/4). [p.598, Fig.21].
Male: A, habitus (dorsal); B, 3rd segment endopodite of P2.


Species Sapphirina lactens - Plate 3 of morphological figuresissued from : Z. Zheng, S. Li, S.J. Li & B. Chen in Marine planktonic copepods in Chinese waters. Shanghai Sc. Techn. Press, 1982 [p.115, Fig.70].
Male: a, habitus (dorsal); b, caudal rami (dorsal); c, A2; d, P2; e, endopod of P2; f, P4; g, endopod of P4.
Scale bar in mm.


Species Sapphirina lactens - Plate 4 of morphological figuresissued from : C. Lehnhofer in Wiss. Ergebn. dt. Tiefsee-Exped. ''Valdivia'', 1929, 22 (5). [p.281, Fig.10].
Male: 1, caudal ramus (dorsal); 2, A2; 3, endopodite 3 of P2.


Species Sapphirina lactens - Plate 5 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 19, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.52, Figs.15, 16 ].
Female; 15-16, caudal rami (dorsal).


Species Sapphirina lactens - Plate 6 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 19, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.52, Fig.30 ].
Female: 30, habitus (dorsal).


Species Sapphirina lactens - Plate 7 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 19, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.53, Fig.1 ].
Female: 1, A1.


Species Sapphirina lactens - Plate 8 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 19, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.53, Fig.27 ].
Female: 27, A2.


Species Sapphirina lactens - Plate 9 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 19, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.53, Fig.44 ].
Female; 44, P4.


Species Sapphirina lactens - Plate 10 of morphological figuresIssued from : M.S. Kos in Field guide for plankton. Zool Institute USSR Acad., Vol. II, 1976. Compiled by V.S. Shuvalov, After Giesbrecht, 1892 (1-3, 4, 5 and Lehnhofer, 1929 (6, E, 7).
Female: 1, habitus (dorsal); 2, A1; 3, A2; 4, P4; 5, caudal rami(furca).

Male: 6, A2; E, distal portion of the endopodite of P2; 7, caudal ramus (furca).

Compl. Ref.:
Carl, 1907 (p.18); V.N. Greze, 1963 a (tabl.2); Mazza, 1966 (p.74); Deevey, 1971 (p.224); Boxshall, 1977 b (p.558); Deevey & Brooks, 1977 (p.156, tab.2, Station "S"); Rajaram & Krishnaswamy, 1980 a (p.154); Kovalev & Shmeleva, 1982 (p.86); Guangshan & Honglin, 1984 (p.118, tab.); Seguin & al., 1993 (p.23); Shih & Young, 1995 (p.77); Vukanic, 2003 (p.139, tab.1); Baker & al., 2005 (tabl., as lacteus); Mazzocchi & Di Capua, 2010 (p.429); Zaafa & al., 2014 (p.67, Table I, occurrence); Benedetti & al., 2016 (p.159, Table I, fig.1, functional characters); El Arraj & al., 2017 (p.272, table 2, spatial distribution); Chaouadi & Hafferssas, 2018 (p.913, Table II: occurrence).
NZ: 10 + 1 doubtful

Distribution map of Sapphirina lactens by geographical zones
Species Sapphirina lactens - Distribution map 3issued from : C. Lehnhofer in Wiss. Ergebn. dt. Tiefsee-Exped. ''Valdivia'', 1929, 22 (5). [p.324, Fig.56].
Zoogeographical distribution of S. lactens and S. pseudolactens ( = S. sali).
Black circle: S. lactens; white circle: S. pseudolactens n. sp. (= S. sali)
Loc:
Mauritania, off Moroccan Atlantic Coast, S Brazil, G. of Mexico, Sargasso Sea, off Bermuda (Station "S"), off S Azores, off W Tangier, Medit. (M'Diq, Sidi Fredj coast, NW Basin, Ligurian Sea, Napoli, Strait of Messina, N & S Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea), Red Sea, Arabian Gulf, Indian, Indonesia-Malaysia, Ambon Bay, China Seas (East China Sea ), Pacif. (W equatorial), off Hawaii, Galapagos, Bering Sea (in C.B. Wilson, 1950)
N: 28
Lg.:
(46) F: 2,1-1,65; (449) F: 2,1-1,65; (648) F: 1,58; 1,39; M: 1,65; 1,52; (705) F: 1,867-1,603; M: 2,055; (805) F: 1,59-1,2; M: 2,19-1,4; (1023) F: 1,73; (1232) F: 1,39-1,58; M: 1,52-1,65; {F: 1,20-2,10; M: 1,40-2,19}
Rem.: Overall Depth Range in Sargasso Sea: 0-500 m (Deevey & Brooks, 1977, Station "S");The observation of C.B. Wilson (1950) in the extreme northern Pacific needs to be confirmed.
Last update : 28/10/2022
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Razouls C., Desreumaux N., Kouwenberg J. and de Bovée F., 2005-2024. - Biodiversity of Marine Planktonic Copepods (morphology, geographical distribution and biological data). Sorbonne University, CNRS. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en [Accessed April 19, 2024]

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