Species Card of Copepod
Calanoida ( Order )
    Clausocalanoidea ( Superfamily )
        Aetideidae ( Family )
            Pseudochirella ( Genus )
Pseudochirella notacantha  (Sars, 1905)   (F,M)
Syn.: Gaidius notacanthus Sars, 1905 b (p.9, Rem.M); no Farran, 1908 b (p.33, fig.M); no A. Scott, 1909 (p.52, figs.M);
Chirudina parvispina : With, 1915 (p.151, figs.M, juv.M); ? Farran, 1926 (p.255: juv.M);
Pseudochirella squalida Grice & Hulsemann, 1967 (p.24, figs.F); 1968 (tab.2); Deevey & Brooks, 1977 (p.256, Table 2: as squallida, station "S"); Bradford & Jillett, 1980 (p.71, figs.F, fig.73, distribution chart); Ferrari, 1980 (p.536, figs.F,M);
no Gaidius notacanthus : Farran, 1908 b (p.33, fig.M); A. Scott,1909 (p.52, figs.M); Sewell, 1948 (p.545, 550);
no Chirudina notacantha : With, 1915 (p.148, figs.F,M);
no Pseudochirella notacantha : Vervoort, 1957 (p.67, figs.M, Rem.)
Ref.:
Sars, 1925 (p.86, figs.F juv. ,M); Farran, 1929 (p.208, 232, Rem.: juv.); Sewell, 1929 (p.128); Rose, 1933 a (p.110, figs.F,M); Jespersen, 1934 (p.66, Rem.F); ? Sewell, 1947 (p.98, fig.juv.F); 1948 (p.331, 500, 513, 520, 525, 527, 532); Vervoort, 1952 g (n°48, p.3, figs. juv.F,M); 1963 b (p.151, Rem.); Bradford & Jillett, 1980 (p.66); Markhaseva, 1989 (p.37, 40, 41, figs.F,M); 1996 (p.275, figs.F,M)
Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 1 of morphological figuresissued from : E.L. Markhaseva in Proc. Zool. Inst. RAN, St. Petersburg, 1996, 268. [p.277, Fig.221].
Female: (a) from NE Indian, other figures from SE Pacif.

Nota: Cephalothorax 3.7-4.2 times longer than urosome.
Posterior corners of last thoracic segment symmetrical, rounded.
Genital segment asymmetrical, with moderate knob-like projections on the left and right, of variable shape.
Urosomal segments 1-3 covered with hairs.
A1 as long as cephalothorax - reaching caudal rami.
Exopodite of P1 unclearly 3-segmented.
Endopodite of P2 indistinctly 2-segmented.
Coxopodite of P4 with 6-9 spines.


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 2 of morphological figuresissued from : E.L. Markhaseva in Proc. Zool. Inst. RAN, St. Petersburg, 1996, 268. [p.278, Fig.222].
Male (from SE Pacif.).

Nota: Cephalon and thoracic segment 1, as 4th and 5th segments fused.
Cephalothorax about 3 times longer than urosome.
Posterior corners of last thoracic segment with spines.Exopodite 1 of P1 with very small external spine.
Endopodite of P2 virtually 2-segmented.
Spines on coxopodite of P4 absent.
Endopodal segment 2 of P5 with 3 teeth in distal part of segment; exopodal segment 3 with rounded top.


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 3 of morphological figuresissued from : J.M. Bradford & J.B. Jillett in Mem. N.Z. oceanogr. Inst., 86, 1980. [p.74, Fig.50]. As Pseudochirella squalida.
Female: A, genital segment (dorsal); B, inner edge of basipod 1 of P4.


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 4 of morphological figuresissued from : G.D. Grice & K. Huisemann in Proc. U.S. natn. Mus., 1967, 122 (3583). [p.51, Figs.65-70]. As Pseudochirella squalida (from 29°45'S, 64°58'E).
Female: 65, forehead (lateral); 66, last thoracic segment and urosome (lateral right side); 67, genital segment (dorsal); 68, idem (lateral left side); 69, A2; 70, P4.

Nota: Rostrum strong. A1 reaches furca. A2: 2nd endopodal segment with 7 setae on outer lobe and 9 setae on inner lobe. First basal segment of P4 with 6 coarse spines. Genital segment slightly asymmetrical and hairy, small rounded protuberances on each side.


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 5 of morphological figuresissued from : F.D. Ferrari in Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 1993, 93 (3). [p.539, Fig.1]. As Pseudochirella squalida.
Female (from NW Atlant.: off Delaware): A, urosome (dorsal); B, idem (ventral); E, habitus (lateral right side).
Nota: Head and 1st thoracic segment fused dorsally and free laterally, 4h and5th fused.

Male: C, urosome (dorsal); D, habitus (lateral left side).
Nota: Head and 1st thoracic segment fused, 4th and 5th fused. Posterior cephalothorax with small, slightly curved posterodistal spine on each side. Genital segment with genital opening on left side.


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 6 of morphological figuresissued from : F.D. Ferrari in Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 1993, 93 (3). [p.540, Fig.2]. As Pseudochirella squalida.
Female: A, A2; C, A1 (segments 1-13); D, idem (segments 14-21); E, idem (segments 22-25).

Male: B, A2; F, A1 (segments 1-13); H, idem (segments 14-21); G, idem (segments 22-25).
Letters on proximal segments of A1.


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 7 of morphological figuresissued from : F.D. Ferrari in Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 1993, 93 (3). [p.541, Fig.3]. As Pseudochirella squalida.
Female: A, Md; C, Mx1 (posterior); E, Mx2 (posterior); F, mx2 (anterior); H, P2 (posterior); I, P3 (posterior).

Male: B, Md (posterior); D, Mx1 (posterior); G, Mx2 (posterior).


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 8 of morphological figuresissued from : F.D. Ferrari in Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 1993, 93 (3). [p.542, Fig.4]. As Pseudochirella squalida.
Female: A, P4 (posterior); B, Mxp (posterior); D, genital segment (lateral right side); E, idem (lateral left side); F, idem, with spermatophore (lateral left side); G, idem (lateral right side).

Male: C, Mxp (posterior).


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 9 of morphological figuresissued from : F.D. Ferrari in Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 1993, 93 (3). [p.544, Fig.5]. As Pseudochirella squalida.
Female: A, P1 (anterior).

Male: C, P4 (posterior); D, P5 (posterior); E, idem (anterior); F, P1 (anterior).


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 10 of morphological figuresIssued from : G.O. Sars in Résult. Camp. Scient. Prince Albert I, 69, pls.1-127 (1924). [Pl.XXIV, figs.7-12].
juvenil Female (from Azores Is. and Europa): 7, habitus (dorsal); 8, idem (lateral left side); 9, forehead (lateral).

Male: 10, habitus (dorsal); 11, posterior segment cephalothorax and 1st and 2nd urosomal segments (lateral left side); 12, P5.


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 11 of morphological figuresissued from : R.B.S. Sewell in The John Murray Expedition, 1933-34, Scientific Reports, VIII (1), 1947. [p.99, Fig.21, D]. With doubt.
Female stage V (from N Arabian Sea): D, Mx1.


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 12 of morphological figuresIssued from : E.L. Markhaseva in USSR Acad. Sci., Zool. Inst., Explor. Fauna Seas. Marine Plankton, 1989, 41 (49). [p.53, Fig.23].
Female: Thoracic segment 5 and genital segment.
Nota from the key:
1 - Genital segment asymmetrical.
2 - Thoracic posterior corners without spines.
3 - Thoracic posterior corners with rounded lobes.
4 - Thoracic posterior lobes symmetrical.
5 - Two small protuberances present on the left and one small on the right in posterior part of genital segment.


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 13 of morphological figuresPseudochirella notacantha Male:
1 - Exopodite 2 of left P5 with 3 teeth in distal part of segment.
2 - Exopodite 2 of left P5 with 2 teeth in distal part of segment.
3 - Posterior corners of last thoracic segment with spines on each side.


Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Plate 14 of morphological figuresissued from : F.D. Ferrari in Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 1993, 93 (3). [p.546-47, Table 2]. As Pseudochirella squalida.
Characters which exhibit dimorphism in stage V or stage Vi and their state in the remaining stage.

Cph/Pg1: Cephalon and 1st thoracic segment; Pg4/Pg5: 4th and 5th thoracic segments; Pg points: characteristic of the posterior corners of thoracic segment 5; Ur: urosome; CR: caudal rami; Md: mandible; Mx1: maxillule; Mx2: maxilla; Mxp: maxilliped; P1-P5 swimming legs 1 to 5; Re: exopod; Ri endopod; B1: coxa; B2: basis; Li: inner lobe; Se: outer seta.

Compl. Ref.:
Hardy & Gunther, 1935 (1936) (p.159, Rem.); Lysholm & al., 1945 (p.20); Sewell, 1948 (p.331, 500, 513, 520, 525, 527, 532); Harding, 1974 (p.141, tab.2, gut contents); Deevey & Brooks, 1977 (p.256, Table 2, station "S"); Razouls & al., 2000 (p.343, Appendix); Holmes, 2001 (p.50, Rem.); Gaard & al., 2008 (p.59, Table 1, N Mid-Atlantic Ridge); Park & Ferrari, 2009 (p.143, Table 4, Appendix 1);
NZ: 12

Distribution map of Pseudochirella notacantha by geographical zones
Species Pseudochirella notacantha - Distribution map 3Issued from : E.L. Markhaseva in Issled. Fauny Morei, 1989, 41 (49). [p.56, Fig.11].
Geographical distribution of P. notacantha.
1: from literature as P. squalida; 2, from literature; 3: present occurrences.
Loc:
Antarct. (SW Atlant., Indian, SW & S Pacif.), South Georgia, Atlant. (temperate & boreal), G. of Guinea, off Mauritania, off Madeira, ? Bay of Biscay, Azores, Sargasso Sea, Station "S" (32°10'N, 64°30'W), off Delaware, off E Cape Cod, Davis Strait, S Iceland, off W Ireland, ? Arabian Sea, S Laccadive Is., SW Indian, Japan (in/em> Morioka, 1972 a, p.314), New Zealand, S Pacif., Juan Fernandez Is., S Peru, off Juan Fernandez Is., N-S Chile (sub-Antarct.).

Type locality: NE Atlantic.
N: 22
Lg.:
(1) M: 4,9; (7) juv.F: 4,42; M: 5,28; (14) M: 5,1-4,9; (37) F: 6,8-5,45; M: 5,8-4,9; (264) F: 6,8-5,5; M: 5,8-5,1; {F: 5,45-6,80; M: 4,90-5,80}
Rem.: epi- to bathypelagic. Sargasso Sea: 500-2000 m (Deevey & Brooks, 1977, station "S");
Sampling depth (Antarct.) : 0-750-1000+ m.
The male described by With (1915) does not seem to be a synonym of any other species.
Vervoort (1952 g) and Markhaseva (1996) do not agree on the synonymy between Chirudina parvispina in With (1915; from 61°30'N) and P. notacantha.
For Grice & Hulsemann (1967, p.24) the female specimen resembles P. obesa.
Last update : 28/01/2016
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Razouls C., Desreumaux N., Kouwenberg J. and de Bovée F., 2005-2024. - Biodiversity of Marine Planktonic Copepods (morphology, geographical distribution and biological data). Sorbonne University, CNRS. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en [Accessed March 28, 2024]

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