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Calanoida ( Order ) |
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Diaptomoidea ( Superfamily ) |
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Candaciidae ( Family ) |
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Candacia ( Genus ) |
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Candacia elongata (Boeck, 1872) (F,M) | |
| | | | | | | Syn.: | Candace elongata Boeck,1872; Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.425);
Candace robusta Wolfenden,1904 (p.140);
? C. inermis Cleve, 1904 a (p.200); Sewell, 1948 (p.431, 443, 460);
C. rotunda Wolfenden, 1904 (p.118, figs.F); van Breemen, 1908 a (p.148); T. Scott, 1911 (p.119); Lysholm & Nordgaard, 1921 (p.28);
C. rotundata : Farran, 1908 b (p.85, fig.M); 1926 (p.291); Sars, 1924 (p.46, Pl 125: F,M); Farran, 1926 (p.291); Sewell, 1948 (p.477, 479);
C. obtusa Sars, 1905 (p.23); Sewell, 1948 (p.468) | | | | Ref.: | | | Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.130); Sars, 1925 (p.346, figs.F,M); Rose, 1933 a (p.250, figs.F,M); ? Jespersen, 1934 (p.117); Lysholm & al., 1945 (p.41); Farran, 1948 b (n°13, p.3, figs.F,M); Grice, 1963 (p.176, figs.F,M, Rem.); Vervoort, 1965 (p.161, Rem.); Morris, 1970 (p.2301, 2319, figs.M, Rem.); Bradford, 1970 a (p.361, figs.F); Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.655, figs.F,M); Roe, 1984 (p.359); Baessa De Aguiar, 1991 (1993) (p.102, figs.M); Hure & Krsinic, 1998 (p.102); Lapernat, 1999 (p.11, 55, figs.F); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.885, 956, figs.F,M); Bradford-Grieve, 1999 b (p.168, figs.F,M, Rem., figs.182, 193); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.448, figs.F,M, Rem.) |  issued from : Bradford-Grieve J.M. in The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Pelagic Calanoid Copepoda. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 111, 1999. [p.169, Fig.119]. Female: A, urosome (dorsal); B, idem (right lateral side); C, P5. Male: D, urosome (dorsal); E, P5.
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 issued from : J.M. Bradford in N.Z. Jl Mar. Freshw. Res., 1970, 4 (4). [p.361, Figs 73-74]. Female (off Kaikoura, New Zealand): 73, urosome (dorsal); 74, P5. Scale bars represent 0.1 mm.
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 Issued from : G.O. Sars in Résult. Camp. Scient. Prince Albert I, 69, pls.1-127 (1924). [Pl.CXXV, figs.1-17]. As Candacia rotundata. Female: 1, habitus (dorsal); 2, idem (lateral left side); 3, rostrum; 4, A2; 5, Md; 6, Mx1; 7, Mx2; 8, Mxp; 9, distal segments of Mxp (enlarged); 10, P1; 11, P3; 12, P5. Male: 13, habitus (dorsal); 14, right A1; 15, P5; 16, urosome (dorsal); 17, last thoracic segment and three urosomal segments (lateral right side).
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 issued from : R.N. Wolfenden in J; mar. biol. Ass. U.K., 1904, VII (N.S.). [Plate IX, Figs.10-11]. As Candace rotunda.
Female (from NE Atlantic): 10, habitus (dorsal); 11, P5.
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 issued from : G.P. Farran in Fish. Ire. Sci. Invest., 1906, II [1908]. [Pl. IX, Fig.15]. Male (from W Ireland): 15, P5.
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 issued from : B. Morris in J. Fish. Res. Bd Canada, 1970, 27 (12). [p.2318, Fig.11, K-N]; Male (from 34°49'N, 160°19'W): K, urosome (dorsal); L, Md (biting edge of gnathobase); M, Mx2; N, P5 (posterior). Nota: The male differs from previous descriptions of C. elongata (Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898; Sars, 1925; Rose, 1933); Farran, 1948, and Grice, 1963) in having 1- a deeper bifurcation of the basal tooth of the Md gnathobase: 2 - 4 small spines on the right 4th segment of P5 instead of 2; 3 - no spine on the right 3rd segment of P5; 4 - somewhat differently shaped processes on the right corner at the posterior prosome, and on the right sides of the urosomal segments 1 and 2 (that of the urosomal 2 being most different). Grice (1963) synonymized Candacia inermis Cleve, 1904, of which only the female has been described, with C. elongata, but he does regard inermis as a distinct type within the species. His report of one female of the inermis type from the tropical west Pacific. The male recorded here may be the inermis type male.
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 issued from P.E. Lapernat & C. Razouls in Vie Milieu, 2002, 52 (1). [p.23, Pl.VI). Female (from off Malta; Mediterranean Sea): 14, masticatory edge of Md. Nota: The Itoh's index: 4473.7 (number of teeth: 2).
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 issued from : P.E. Lapernat & C. Razouls in Vie Milieu, 2002, 52 (1). [p.23, Pl. III, Fig.5]. Biting edge of Md gnathobase female (from off Malta, Mediterranean Sea).
| | | | | Compl. Ref.: | | | Massuti Alzamora, 1942 (p.111); Sewell, 1948 (p.506); C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.181); Grice, 1963 a (p.496); Gaudy, 1963 (p.27, Rem.); Grice & Hulsemann, 1967 (p.19); Roe, 1972 (p.277, tabl.1, tabl.2); Vives & al., 1975 (p.52, tab.II, XII); Deevey & Brooks, 1977 (p.156, tab.2, Station "S"); Vives, 1982 (p.294); Kovalev & Shmeleva, 1982 (p.85); Scotto di Carlo & Ianora, 1983 (p.150); Scotto di Carlo & al., 1984 (1043); Regner, 1985 (p.11, Rem.: p.37); Greze & al., 1985 (p.8); Heinrich, 1990 (p.19); Scotto di Carlo & al., 1991 (p.270); Gilabert & Moreno, 1998 (tab.1, 2); Lapernat & Razouls, 2001 (p.123, tab.1); Holmes, 2001 (p.30); Neumann-Leitao & al., 2008 (p.799: Tab.II, fig.6); Licandro & Icardi, 2009 (p.17, Table 4); Mazzocchi & Di Capua, 2010 (p.424); Medellin-Mora & Navas S., 2010 (p.265, Tab. 2) | | | | NZ: | 11 + 1 doubtful | | | | | | | | | | | | | Loc: | | | ? Afr. S (in Cleve, 1904 a), Sao Tomé, G. de Guinée, off Mauritanie, Canaries, Brésil, Mer des Antilles, Caribbean Colombia, off Bermuda (Station "S"), Mer des Sargasses, Açores, G. de Gascogne, off Cap Finisterre W, off Lisbonne, off Gibraltar W, Norvège, Féroé, ? Détr. de Davis S, off Islande S, off Irlande W, off Ecosse W, Mer du Nord, Baie Ibéro-marocaine, Médit. (Mer d'Alboran, G. du Lion, Marseille, Ligurian Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea, off Malte, Adriatique, Ionienne, bassin Levantin), Indien W & E, Mer de Tasman, Nouvelle-Zélande (Cook Strait), ? Philippines, ? Pacif. N (subtropical), Pacif. SE (tropic.), Galapagos | | | | N: | 46 (Atlant. N: 19; Atlant. S: 4; Médit.: 15; Indien: 3; Pacif.: 5) | | | | Lg.: | | | (1) F: 3,5; (16) F: 3,2-3; M: 3,3-3,15; (24) M: 3,8; (38) F: 3,44; (92) M: 3,54; (199) F: 3,19; M: 3,04; (202) F: 3,25-3; M: 3,3-3,15; (313) F: 3,5; (340) F: 2,2-2; (909) F: 3,35; {F: 2,00-3,50; M: 3,04-3,80} | | | | Rem.: | meso-bathypelagic. Sargasso Sea: 500-1500 m (Deevey & Brooks, 1977, Station "S");
According to Grice (1963, p.176) a comparison of the description of C. elongata given by Sars (1924) from the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea and of C. inermis given by Cleve (1904) based on female specimens collected in the Indian Ocean off South Africa shows the following small differences: 1- the basal tooth of Md in is only slightly bifurcate, in C. inermis it is deeply bifurcate; 2- the distal segment of the female P5, although similar in both species, has spines in C. elongata and spine-like processes in C. inermis. The discovery of the male sex of C. inermis may result in the finding of specific differences between the two.
For Chad Walter (in WoRMS, 2012) Candacia inermis is a good species, not synonym from C. elongata. | | | Last update : 11/12/2012 | |
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 Any use of this site for a publication will be mentioned with the following reference :
Razouls C., de Bovée F., Kouwenberg J. et Desreumaux N., 2005-2012. - Diversity and Geographic Distribution of Marine Planktonic Copepods. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en
[Accessed June 18, 2013] © copyright 2005-2012 CNRS, UPMC
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