Species Card of Copepod
Calanoida ( Order )
    Diaptomoidea ( Superfamily )
        Centropagidae ( Family )
            Centropages ( Genus )
Centropages brachiatus  (Dana, 1849)   (F,M)
Syn.: Pontella brachiata Dana, 1849;
Calanopia brachiata Dana, 1853;
C. chilensis Kröyer, 1849;
Centropages typicus : Cleve, 1904 a (p.181, 182, 187); Tanaka, 1960; Carola, 1994 (p.233);
Centropages braquiatus : Arcos, 1974 (p.221, figs.F); 1975 (p.20, figs.F,M); 1976 (p.85, Rem.: p.95)
Ref.:
Brady, 1883 (p.82, figs.F,M); Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.304, 320, figs.F,M); Thompson, 1888 d (p.142); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.55); Rose, 1929 (p.32); Fagetti, 1962 (p.28); Björnberg, 1963 (p.44); Unterüberbacher, 1964 (p.28, figs.F,M); Tanaka, 1964 (p.8, figs.F,M); Vervoort, 1964 b (p.308); Ramirez, 1966 (p.15, figs.F,M); Vidal, 1968 (p.35, figs.F,M); Ramirez, 1969 (p.75, figs.F,M); Lee, 1972 (p.9, figs.F,M, spermatophore and coupling device); Fleminger, 1975 (p.397); Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.644, figs.F,M); van der Spoel & Heyman, 1983 (p.105, fig.); Sazhina, 1985 (p.63, figs.N); Mazzocchi & al., 1995 (p.81, figs.F,M, Rem.); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.884, 951, figs.F,M); Giesecke & Gonzalez, 2004 (p.607, fig. Md); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.466, figs.F,M, Rem.)
Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 1 of morphological figuresissued from : Tanaka O. in Scient. Rep. Jap. Antarct. Res. Exped., (E) 22. 1964. [Plate II].
Female: a, habitus (dorsal view); b, Th5 and urosome (lateral view); c, P5.
Male: d, Th5 and urosome (dorsal view); e, A1; f, P4; g, left P5; h, right P5.


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 2 of morphological figuresIssued from: M.G. Mazzocchi, G. Zagami, A. Ianora, L. Guglielmo & J. Hure in Atlas of Marine Zooplankton Straits of Magellan. Copepods. L. Guglielmo & A. Ianora (Eds.), 1995. [p.82, Fig.3.10.1].
Female: A, habitus (dorsal); B, right side of urosome; C, left side of urosome; D, P5.
Male: E, habitus (dorsal view); F, urosome (dorsal view); G, left P5; H, right P5.
Nota: The specimens differ from those drawn by Brady (1883) in the left P5: endopod 3 bears 6 setae (compared to 7 reported by Brady); exopod 2 bears 3 short, strong spines, also reported by Ramirez (1969) and Arcos (1975) (compared to Brady's figures that show 4 apical spines)


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 3 of morphological figuresissued from : Giesecke & Gonzalez in Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 2004, 77. [p.610, Fig. 2 C]. Schematic drawing of the cutting edge of the left mandible blade of Centropages brachiatus from Mejillones Bay, Chile .
Mean (standard deviation in parenthesis) Itoh's edge index: 703 (23), n = 11 specimens.
Scale bar= 0.010 mm.
Nota: This species has usually been suggested to have an omnivorous feeding behavior (\"Type II\" from Itoh), with highest clearance rate on flagellates and ciliates. mandible shape and edge index agrees with the observations made by Schnack (1982), who estimated an edge index of 740 for Centropages hamatus. Mandible width as percentage of the cephalothorax length is 7.9, near of the data for the omnivorous Acartia tonsa.


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 4 of morphological figuresissued from : F.C. Ramirez in Contr. Inst. Biol. mar., Buenos Aires, 1969, 98. [p.72, Lam. XIV, figs.105, 106, 110, 113, 115].
Female (from off Mar del Plata): 105, urosome (ventral); 106, idem (dorsal); 113, habitus (dorsal.

Male:
Scale bars in mm:


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 5 of morphological figuresissued from : F.C. Ramirez in Bol. Inst. Biol. Mar., Mar del Plata, 1966, 11. [Lam.III, Figs.13-21].
Male (off Mar del Plata): 13, right A1; 14, posterior part cephalothorax and urosome (dorsal); 15, right P5; 16, left P5.

Female: 17, cephalothorax (dorsal); 18, urosome (dorsal); 19, P4; 20, P5; 21, spines of 2nd exopodal segment of P5.


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 6 of morphological figuresissued from : D.F.R. Arcos in Gayana, Zool., 1975, 32. [Lam.VII, Figs.58-64]. As Centropages braquiatus.
Female (from Bahia de Concepcion, Chile): 58, habitus (dorsal); 59, P5; 62, last thoracic segment and genital segment (dorsal).

Male: 60, P5; 61, last thoracic segment and genital segment (dorsal); 63, spines on segments 1, 2 and 5 of A1; 64, distal portion of A1.


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 7 of morphological figuresissued from : H.K. Unterüberbacher in Investl Rep. mar. Res. Lab. S.W. Afr., 1964, 11. [Pl.29].
Female (from coastal area of Namibia): habitus (dorsal), P5.


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 8 of morphological figuresissued from : H.K. Unterüberbacher in Investl Rep. mar. Res. Lab. S.W. Afr., 1964, 11. [Pl.30].
Male: habitus (dorsal); P5.


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 9 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. - Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.17, Fig.37].
Female: 37, P5 (part.).
Re = exopod; Ri = endopod; Si = inner seta.


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 10 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. - Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.18, Fig.7].
Male: 7, right A1 (segments 10 to 18; dorsal view).


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 11 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. - Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.17, Fig.26].
Male: 26, exopod of of right P5 (posterior view).


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 12 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. - Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.38, Fig.2].
Male: 2, habitus (dorsal).


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 13 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.38, Fig.17].
Female: urosome (ventral).


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 14 of morphological figuresIssued from : D.F.R. Arcos in Bol. Soc. De Concepcion, 47. [p.222, Figs.14, 15].
Female7°47'-50°33'S, 74°04'-74°54'W): 14, A1 (proximal segments); 15, last thoracic segment and genital segment (dorsal).


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 15 of morphological figuresIssued from : C.M. Lee in Bull. mar. Ecol., 1972, 8. [p.4, Text-Fig. 1 d].
Dorsal view of fifth metasome segment and the urosome of female of Centropages brachiatus (from Table Bay, South Africa).


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 16 of morphological figuresIssued from : C.M. Lee in Bull. mar. Ecol., 1972, 8. [p.5, Text-Fig. 2 d].
P5 female from Centropages brachiatus.


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 17 of morphological figuresIssued from : C.M. Lee in Bull. mar. Ecol., 1972, 8. [p.4, Text-Fig. 1 d].

Dorsal view of fifth metasome segment and the urosome of male of Centropages brachiatus (from Table Bay, South Africa).


Species Centropages brachiatus - Plate 18 of morphological figuresIssued from : C.M. Lee in Bull. mar. Ecol., 1972, 8. [p.5, Text-Fig. 2 d].
P5 male from Centropages brachiatus.

Compl. Ref.:
Thompson, 1900 c (p.262); C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.185); Björnberg, 1963 (p.44, Rem.); Unterüberbacher, 1964 (p.28); De Decker, 1964 (p.15, 19, 29); 1968 (p.45); Heinrich, 1973 (p.95, fig.4); Björnberg, 1973 (p.335, 385); Grindley, 1977 (p.341, Table 2, fig.2); Judkins, 1980 (p.475, fig.4: vertical distribution vs O2 minimum); Herman & Mitchell, 1981 (p.739, Table 2, length-volume); Herman & Sameoto, 1981 (p.228, Table 1, 2, abundance); Arashkevich & al., 1982 (p.477, Table 2, diet); Kovalev & Shmeleva, 1982 (p.84); Herman A.W., 1984 (p.131, Rem.: p.133); De Decker, 1984 (p.316, 321: Rem., 338: chart); 1984 a (p.156); Brenning, 1985 (p.5, spatial distribution/TS); 1985 a (p.24, Table 2); Greze & al., 1985 (p.7); Timonin, 1990 (p.479); Peterson & al., 1990 (p.259, feeding); Fernandez Araoz, 1991 (p.575); Santos & Ramirez, 1991 (p.79, 80, 82, 83); 1995 (p.133, Tabl. I, fig.2, 3); Timonin, 1997 (p.83, Rem.); Gonzalez & Marin, 1998 (p.109); Verheye & al., 1998 (p.317, Table II); Razouls & al., 2000 (p.343, Appendix); Escribano & Hidalgo, 2000 (p.283, tab.2); Hidalgo & Escribano, 2001 (p.159, tab.2); Hidalgo & Escribano, 2001 (p.157, fig.4); Sabatini & al., 2001 (p.245, fig.6); Marrari & al., 2004 (p.667, tab.1); Berasategui & al., 2005 (p.313, fig.2); Berasategui & al., 2005 (p.485, tab.1); Berasategui & al., 2006 (p.485: fig.2); Escribano, 2006 (p.20, Table 1); Gaudy & Thibault-Botha, 2007 (p.84, Tab.2, Rem.: metabolism); Biancalana & al., 2007 (p.83, Tab.2, 3); Castro & al., 2007 (p.486, Table 1, 2 ,3, 4, fig.3); Morales C.E. & al., 2007 (p.452, Rem.: p.462: abundance); Khelifi-Touhami & al., 2007 (p.327, Table 1); Hidalgo & Escribano, 2007 (p.501, figs.6, 7, 8); 2008 (p.429: annual life cycle); Muelbert & al., 2008 (p.1662, Table 1); Escribano & al., 2009 (p.1083, Table 1, 2, figs.6, 10); C.E. Morales & al., 2010 (p.158, Table 1); Ayon & al., 2008 (p.238, Table 4: Peruvian samples); Escribano & Pérez, 2010 (p.301, Fig.4: fatty acids); Schnack-Schiel & al., 2010 (p.2064, Table 2: E Atlantic subtropical); Hidalgo & al., 2010 (p.2089, fig.2, 4, Table 2, cluster analysis); Padovani & al., 2011 (p.205, occurrence); Spinelli & al., 2012 (p.39, potential prey for fish); Aguirre & al., 2012 (p.341, Table I: abundance vs season, fig.4) ; Hidalgo & al., 2012 (p.134, Table 2, 3, figs.5, 6, spatial distribution); Julies & Kaholongo, 2013 (p.78, fig.4, %); Fierro Gonzalvez, 2014 (p.1, Tab. 3, 5, occurrence, abundance); Escribano & al., 2014 (p.104, egg production, development vs temperature); Acha & al., 2020 (p.1, Table 3: occurrence % vs ecoregions).
NZ: 11

Distribution map of Centropages brachiatus by geographical zones
Species Centropages brachiatus - Distribution map 4issued from : U. Brenning in Wiss. Z. Wilhelm-Pieck-Univ. Rostock -34. Jahrgang 1985. Mat.-nat. wiss. Reihe, 6. [p.8, Fig.5].
Spatial distribution for Centropages brachiatus from namibia (SW Afeica), expedition VIII 21/9-17/12 1976
Species Centropages brachiatus - Distribution map 5Issued from : P. Hidalgo, R. Escribano, M. Fuentes, E. Jorquera & O. Vergara in Progr. Oceanogr., 2012, 92-98. [p.140, Fig.5. Spatial distribution of a dominant copepod species (ind m3) found off central-southern Chile in summer 2009. Abundance are mean values in the upper 0-200 m layer.

Nota: The upwelling region of central-southern Chile is located at mid latitudes within the eastern boundary upwelling region of Chile and Peru.
Loc:
Antarct. (SW Indian), sub-Antarct. (SW Atlant., SE Pacif., Beagle Channel), Benguela Current, South Africa (E & W), Namibia, G. of Guinea, SW Atlant. (Ushuaia, Patagonia, Peninsula Valdés, Mar del Plata, Uruguay (continental shelf), Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires), Mauritania, off Azores, Medit. (Alboran Sea, Gulf of Annaba, Malta), S Indian, off Peruvian coast, Chile (N-S, Mejillones Bay, off Valparaiso, off Santiago, Concepcion), Straits of Magellan (Pacific and Atlantic area), Cape Horn
N: 76 (sub-Antarct.: 6; S Atlant.: 31; N Atlant. N:1; Medit.: 3; Indian: 5; Pacif.: 30)
Lg.:
(47) F: 2,3; M: 1,9; (114) F: 1,88-1,85; M: 1,83; (187) F: 2-1,8; M: 1,9-1,7; (237) F: 1,5; M: 1,35; (254) F: 3; M: 2,9; (322) F: 1,5; M: 1,3; (432) F: 1,89-1,67; M: 1,81-1,6; (786) F: 1,91-1,7; M: 1,75-1,58; (861) F: 1,92-1,96; M: 1,74-1,77; (1308) F: 1,73-1,92; M: 1,58-1,82; (1125) F: 2,0; {F: 1,50-3,00; M: 1,30-2,90}
Rem.: epipelagic, neritic, littoral.
For Arcos (1976, p.97) tis species is cryophyle, present in Magallenes region (56°06.3 S, 73°26.8 W and 53°09.3 S, 73°03.7 W) in a range of temperature 4.80°C to 8.42°C and salinity 28.63 to 33.33 p.1000.
After Acha & al. (2020) , this species is mainly shelf and Northernbreak, northern and southern offshore along SW Atlantic.
Last update : 03/04/2020
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Razouls C., Desreumaux N., Kouwenberg J. and de Bovée F., 2005-2024. - Biodiversity of Marine Planktonic Copepods (morphology, geographical distribution and biological data). Sorbonne University, CNRS. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en [Accessed March 19, 2024]

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