Famille des Kyphocalanidae - Copépodes planctoniques marins

Calanoida ( Ordre )	détails
Clausocalanoidea ( Superfamille )	détails

Abréviations ou symboles

Kyphocalanidae Markhaseva & Schulz, 2009 ( Clausocalanoidea )

Ref.:

Markhaseva & Schulz, 2009 (p.22

Rem.:

1 G. : Kyphocalanus.

(1) Kyphocalanus Markhaseva & Schulz, 2009

Espèces, variétés et détails

Ref.:

Markhaseva & Schulz, 2009 (p.23

Rem.:

type species: Kyphocalanus atlanticus. 1 sp + 3 without denomitations.
For Markhaseva & Schulz (2009, p.23-24) synapomorphies ( commun possession of derived homologous characters ) for the genus Kyphocalanus are the presence of a knife handle-like basal part of the prosximal seta on the mandibular basis and the maxillule distal basal endite and endopod separate and the distal basal endite bearing 1 seta only (vs. 2-6 setae in other ‘Bradfordians’).
In addition to the characters of the family, the new genus differs from the majority of other ‘Bradfordian’ famolies/genera by the following derived characters :
1- A2 basis without setae, shared with tharybid genus Brodskius Markhaseva & Ferrari (2005), contrasting the presence of 1-2 setae in other ‘Bradfordians’.
2- A2 endopod segment 1 without setae, shared with Pseudophaenna Sars (1902) (genus of unclear familial position) and some species of the tharybid genus Undinella Sars (1900), and contrary to 1-2 setae in other ‘Bradfordians’.
3- A2 endopod segment 2 with fewer than 10 setae, shared with Pseudophaenna, but this segment with 11-15 setae in other ‘Bradfordians’.
4- Maximmule proximal basal endite without setae, shared with Bradfordiella Andronov (2007) (genus of unclear familial position), in contrast to the presence of 2-5 setae in other ‘Bradfordians’.
5- Maxilla proximal praecoxal endite with 2 setae, shared with Rostrocalanus and some species of Bradfordiella, but with 3-5 setae in other ‘Bradfordians’.
6- Maxilla distal praecoxal endite and proximal coxal endite with 2 setae each, shared with some species of Bradfordiella, and contrary to 3 setae in other ‘Bradfordians’.
7- Maxilla distal coxal endite with 2 setae, shared with Phaenna Claus (1863) (Phaennidae), but with 3 setae in other ‘Bradfordians’.
8- Maxilla proximal basal endite with 1 setal element, shared with Bradfordiella, but with 3-4 setal elements in other ‘Bradfordians’.
9- 1 seta on Maxilliped coxal endite, shared with some species of Undinella and Bradfordiella, in contrast to presence of 2 or 3 setae in other ‘Bradfordian genera’.
The similar derived armament of some oral limbs of Kyphocalanus and Bradfordiella is assumed to have arisen in a parallel development and independently, and thus both genera are not considered to be closely related. This is corroborated by apomorphies not shared by Bradfordiella : 1- praecoxal arthrite of Mx1 with 3 setae (vs. 9 in Bradfordiella ; 2- distal coxal endite of Mx2 with 2 setae (vs. 3 setae inBradfordiella ; 3- Mx2 distal basal endite plus endopod with 8 very long and thick, worm-like sensory setae, longer than all sclerotized setae of Mx2 (vs. only 6 short sensory setae of unclear morphology in Bradfordiella.
In addition, Kyphocalanus does not share apomorphies of Bradfordiella : 1- A1 of only 18 segments (vs. 24 in Kyphocalanus) ; 2- Mandibular basis lacking setae (vs. 2 setae in Kyphocalanus) ; 3- Mx1 with coxal and basal endites reduced (vs. these enditese well developed in Kyphocalanus) ; 4- Mxp praecoxal endites of syncoxa lacking setae (with 1, 2, 0 setae in Kyphocalanus).

issued from : E.L. Markhaseva & K. Schulz in Zootaxa, 2009, 2304. [p.37, Fig.11].
Distribution of species of Kyphocalanus in the Atlantic Ocean.
K. atlanticus and K. sp.1: filled black circle; K. sp.2: triangle; K. sp.3: square.