Species Card of Copepod
Calanoida ( Order )
    Clausocalanoidea ( Superfamily )
        Phaennidae ( Family )
            Xanthocalanus ( Genus )
Xanthocalanus penicillatus  Tanaka, 1960   (F)
Syn.: ? Xanthocalanus sp. Bradford, 1972 (p.40, figs.F)
Ref.:
Tanaka, 1960 a (p.94, Descr.F, figs.F); Chen & Zhang, 1965 (p.58, 125: Rem.); ? Bradford & al., 1983 (p.71, figs.F, Rem.); Chihara & Murano, 1997 (p.855, Pl.142: F); Bradford-Grieve, 2004 (p.635: Rem.)
Species Xanthocalanus penicillatus - Plate 1 of morphological figuresissued from : O. Tanaka in Publ. Sero Mar. Biol. Lab., 1960, VIII (1). [p.95, Fig.86].
Female (from Suruga Bay, Japan): a, habitus (dorsal); b, forehead (lateral); c, last thoracic segment and urosome (lateral left side); d, rostrum (anterior aspect); e, endopod of Mx1; f, Mx2; g, Mxp; h, P1; i, P2; j, endopod of P3; k, P4; l, P5.

Nota: Head and 1st thoracic segment separate, 4th and 5th fused.
Lateral distal corner of the last thoracic segment produced triangularly with a point at the apex.
Rostrum ends into 2 filaments; basal part slightly swollen in lateral aspect.
Cephalothorax 2.66 mm; abdomen 0.87 mm.
The abdominal segments and furca in the proportional lengths 37 : 29 : 16 : 8 : 10 = 100.
Genital segment as long as wide, inflated toward the distal end.
The first 3 abdominal segments furnished with scattered spinules, the distal margin of the segments smooth.
Caudal rami as long as wide.
A2 exopodite slightly longer than the endopodite (22 : 20); the distal segment of endopodite with 6 + 6 setae.
Md exopodite as long as the endopodite.
Mx1 and Mx2 as in X. pinguis. Mx1 with 9 setae on the outer lobe; 10 setae on the exopodite; endopodite with 5+3+3 setae; 2nd basal with 5 setae; 3rd inner lobe with 4 setae, 2nd inner lobe with 5 setae, 1st inner lobe with 13 setae. Mx2carries both bud-like and vermiform setae on the endopodite.
Mxp basal segments of about bequal lengths; segments of endopodite short.
P5 3-sgmented; 3rd segment narrow in the distal half, with 4 spines, of which the inner marginal one the longest, the segment has a longitudinal row of spinules on the posterior surface; 2nd segment with groups of spines on the posterior as well as the anterior surface; 1st segment with denticles on the inner distal margin.

Remarks: The specimen resembles closely X. profundus Sars, but is distinguished from it by small in size; complete fusion of the 4th and 5th thoracic segments; scattered spinules on the 1st to 3rd abdominal segments; the shape of P5.


Species Xanthocalanus penicillatus - Plate 2 of morphological figuresissued from : O. Tanaka in Publ. Sero Mar. Biol. Lab., 1960, VIII (1). [p.94].
Female: Proportions of segments of A1.

Nota: A1 24-segmented, extends to the distal margin of the 5th thoracic segment.


Species Xanthocalanus penicillatus - Plate 3 of morphological figuresissued from : J.M. Bradford in Mem. N. Z. Oceonogr. Inst., 1972, 54. [p.42, Fig.9, (10-14)]. Xanthocalanus sp. Synonymy doubtful.
Female (from Kaikoura, New Zealand): 10, habitus (dorsal); 11, P3; 12, endopod of P2; 13, Mx2; 14, P5.
Scale bars: 1 mm (10); 0.1 mm (11, 12, 13, 14).

Nota: P3 with 2-segmented exopod and 3-segmented endopod on one side whereas on the other side there are 3 segments in both rami.
P4 with 2-segmented exopod and endopod on one side and on the other side are 3-segmented.
The unequal development of these legs suggests that this specimen could be deformed.
This specimen resembles X. squamatus Farran, 1936, but the Mx2 are not alike.


Species Xanthocalanus penicillatus - Plate 4 of morphological figuresIssued from : J.M. Bradford, L. Haakonssen & J.B. Jillett in N. Z. Oceanogr. Inst. Memoir 90, 1983 [p.72, Fig.39].
Female (from 41°47'S, 175°01'E): A, habitus (dorsal); B, urosome (ventral); C, Mx2; D, P2; E, P5.

Nota: Mx2 endopod with 1 worm-like and 7 brush-like sensory filaments, one of which is much thicker and shorter than others.
P5 3-segmented, distal segment with 4 terminal spines. All three segments have additional small spines and spinules.

Presence of small spines on the urosome.

NZ: 1 + 1 doubtful

Distribution map of Xanthocalanus penicillatus by geographical zones
Loc:
Japan (Suruga), ? New Zealand (Kaikoura)
N: 2
Lg.:
(4) F: 3,53; (9) F: 3,4; (116) F: 3,41; {F: 3,40-3,53}
Rem.: Bradfod-Grieve (2004) assumes that the form, cited in 1983 does not belong to this species, but may be X. stewarti.
Last update : 14/04/2015
    to add your remark
  

 Any use of this site for a publication will be mentioned with the following reference :

Razouls C., Desreumaux N., Kouwenberg J. and de Bovée F., 2005-2024. - Biodiversity of Marine Planktonic Copepods (morphology, geographical distribution and biological data). Sorbonne University, CNRS. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en [Accessed March 19, 2024]

© copyright 2005-2024 Sorbonne University, CNRS

Webmaster
CNRS   Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls sur Mer - Laboratoire Arago
Sorbonne Université

 

Version française
English version

 

Search

On the WEB of CNRS

 


Marine Planktonic Copepods

Marine Planktonic Copepods

 

Imprimer Contact Accueil Plan du site Accès restreint Retour Une du Labo Imprimer Contact Plan du site Crédits Téléchargez les Plug-Ins