Species Card of Copepod
Calanoida ( Order )
    Clausocalanoidea ( Superfamily )
        Aetideidae ( Family )
            Chiridius ( Genus )
Chiridius gracilis  Farran, 1908   (F,M)
Syn.: Chiridius poppei : Farran, 1905 (p.35);
no C. gracilis : Farran, 1929 (p.229, fig.F, Rem.); Bradford, 1970 a (p.353, figs.M)
Ref.:
Farran, 1908 b (p.30, Descr.F, figs.F); A. Scott, 1909 (p.42, figs.F, Rem.); With, 1915 (p.85, figs.F); ? Farran, 1926 (p.248: juv.); Sewell, 1929 (p.100); Farran, 1936 a (p.87); Tanaka, 1937 (p.255, figs.F, Rem.); Vervoort, 1952 c (n°44, p.3, figs.F); 1957 (p.6, 55, Rem.); Tanaka, 1957 a (p.48, figs.M, Rem.F); Grice, 1963 a (p.495); Bradford, 1969 a (p.97); Tanaka & Omori, 1970 (p.117); Bradford, 1972 (p.38, figs.F, Rem.); Shih & al., 1971 (p.143); Maclellan & Shih, 1974 (p.1337, figs. juv., F,M); Park, 1975 b (p.283, figs.F,M); 1978 (p.122, figs.F); Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.604, 632, fig.F); Gardner & Szabo, 1982 (p.212, figs.F,M); Mazzocchi & al., 1995 (p.138, figs.F,M, Rem.); Markhaseva, 1996 (p.111, figs.F,M); Chihara & Murano, 1997 (p.683, Pl.34: F,M); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.879, 920, figs.F,M); G. Harding, 2004 (p.54, figs.F); Mulyadi, 2004 (p.56, figs.M, Rem.); Yamaguchi & al., 2005 (p.835, Tabl. VIII); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.553, figs.F,M, Rem.); Park & Ferrari, 2009 (p.143, Appendix 1)
Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 1 of morphological figuresissued from : T. Park in Antarctic Res. Ser. Washington, 1978, 27. [p.123, Fig.13].
Female: A, habitus (dorsal view); B, idem (lateral view); C, urosome (dorsal view); D, idem (left lateral view); E, Mx1; F, P1; G, P2; H, P3. Legs 1-3: anterior view.


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 2 of morphological figuresissued from : E.L. Markhaseva in Trudy Zool. Inst. RAN, St. Petersburg, 1996, 268. [p.112, Fig.83].
Female. figures from specimens from different stations. Gn: genital field (ventral); Gntb Md: gnathobase of Md (partial).


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 3 of morphological figuresissued from : E.L. Markhaseva in Trudy Zool. Inst. RAN, St. Petersburg, 1996, 268. [p.113, Fig.84].
Male (from different specimens, SE Pacif.). P.md: mandibular palp..


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 4 of morphological figuresissued from : T. Park in Bull. Mar. Sci., 1975, 25 (2). [p.283, Fig.7]
Female (from Gulf of Mexico): a, urosome (dorsal); b, posterior part of metasome and urosome (right side, lateral); c, exopod of P1 (anterior); d, P2 (anterior); e, lateral portion of third exopodal segment of P2 (anterior). P1-2: legs.


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 5 of morphological figuresissued from : T. Park in Bull. Mar. Sci., 1975, 25 (2). [p.284, Fig.8].
Male (from Gulf of Mexico): a, b, habitus (dorsal, lateral, respectively); c, forehead (lateral); d, A2; e, distal part of Mxp; f, P1 (anterior); g, P2 (anterior); h, third exopodal segment of P2 (anterior); i, P3 (anterior); j, fifth pair of legs (posterior). P1-3: legs.


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 6 of morphological figuresIssued from: M.G. Mazzocchi, G. Zagami, A. Ianora, L. Guglielmo & J. Hure in Atlas of Marine Zooplankton Straits of Magellan. Copepods. L. Guglielmo & A. Ianora (Eds.), 1995. [p.139, Fig.3.23.1].
Female: A, habitus (dorsal); B, P2.
Nota: Proportional lengths of urosomites and furca 37:22:19:8:14 = 100. Exopod 3 of P2 with outer margins between spines, moderately bulged in the middle (as compared to C. molestus).

Male: C, habitus (dorsal).
Nota: Proportional lengths of urosomites and furca 17:27:22:19:2:13 = 100. Mxp with last endopod segment bearing strong seta ornated with two rows of small teeth.


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 7 of morphological figuresIssued from: M.G. Mazzocchi, G. Zagami, A. Ianora, L. Guglielmo & J. Hure in Atlas of Marine Zooplankton Straits of Magellan. Copepods. L. Guglielmo & A. Ianora (Eds.), 1995. [p.140, Fig.3.23.2].
Female (SEM preparation): A, habitus (dorsal); B, forehead (ventral); C, urosome (ventral); D, P2; E, last exopod segment of P2.
Bars: A 0.500 mm; B-D 0.100 mm; E 0.050 mm.


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 8 of morphological figuresissued from : O. Tanaka in Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab., 1957, VI (1). [p.49, Fig.30].
Male: a, habitus (dorsal); b, forehead (anterior view); c, last thoracic segment (lateral); d, P5; e, detail of the characteristic setae of 5th segment of endopod of Mxp.
Nota: Head and 1st thoracic segment fused, 4th and 5th fused. Rostrum represented by a thin triangular plate. Proportional lengths of urosomites and furca 18:26:25:17:2:12 = 100. 2nd to 4th urosomal segments are fringed with fine teeth on the distal margin. A1 (23-segmented) extends to distal margin of last thoracic segment. mx1: 5 setae on outer lobe, 9 setae on exopod, 9 setae on endopod, 1st inner lobe with aesthetask-like filaments.


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 9 of morphological figuresissued from : A. Scott in Siboga-Expedition, 1909, XIX a. [Plate XI, Figs.1-9]. With doubt.
Female (from Indonesia-Malaysia): 1, habitus (dorsal); 2, forehead (lateral); 3, last thoracic and genital segments (left side); 4, A1; 5, Md; 6, Mxp; 7, P1; 8, P2; 9, P4.
Nota: The spines of the last thoracic segment are produced distinctly beyond the middle of the genital segment. Terminal spine of the seopodite of P4 with 22 teeth.


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 10 of morphological figuresissued from : J.M. Bradford in Mem. N. Z. Oceonogr. Inst., 1972, 54. [p.39, Fig.7, (1-2)].
Female (from Kaikoura, New Zealand): 1, habitus (dorsal); 2, P2.
Scale bars: 1 mm (1): 0.1 mm (2).


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 11 of morphological figuresissued from : G.P. Farran in Fish. Ire. Sci. Invest., 1906, II [1908]. [Pl. II, Figs.1-3].
Female (from 52°6N, 12°0'W): 1-2, habitus (dorsal and lateral, respectively); 3, P2.


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 12 of morphological figuresissued from : A.G. Lewis, S. Allen & G. Martens in Crustaceana, 2006, 79 (4). [p.505, Fig.3];
Male (from off British Columbia coast): lateral view of the median intersomitic ridge (MIR) with right 1st pereiopod (P-1) removed.
P-1 = left 1st periopod; rc= ridge crest; TR = transverse ridge.; IcS = intercoxal sclerite.


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 13 of morphological figuresissued from : Mulyadi in Published by Res. Center Biol., Indonesia Inst. Sci. Bogor, 2004. [p.57, Fig.31].
Male (from Flores Sea): a, habitus (dorsal); b, forehead (lateral); c, posterior end of last thoracic segment and genital somite; d, P1; e, P2; f, P3 (exopodite segments 2 and 3 missing); g, P5.


Species Chiridius gracilis - Plate 14 of morphological figuresissued from : D.F. Arcos in Rev. Com. Perm. Pacifico Sur, 1976, 5. [Figs. 6, 8].
Male (from Magallanes region): 6, P2; 8, P5.
Scale bars: 200 µ.

Compl. Ref.:
Lysholm & Nordgaard, 1921 (p.12); Sewell, 1948 (p.347); C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.189); Mazza, 1966 (p.70); Park, 1970 (p.475); Björnberg, 1973 (p.323, 389); Arcos, 1976 (p.85, Rem.: p.93, Table II); Vives, 1982 (p.291); Brenning, 1983 (p.2, Rem.); Roe, 1984 (p.356); Tremblay & Anderson, 1984 (p.3); Brenning, 1985 a (p.28, Table 2); Mackas & Anderson, 1986 (p.115, Table 2); Wiebe & al., 1988 (tab.7); Shih & Marhue, 1991 (tab.2, 3); Errhif & al., 1997 (p.422); Suarez-Morales & Gasca, 1998 a (p107); Dolganova & al., 1999 (p.13, tab.1); Razouls & al., 2000 (p.343, Appendix); Holmes, 2001 (p.47); Sameoto & al., 2002 (p.12); Bradford-Grieve, 2004 (p.284); Hsiao & al., 2004 (p.325, tab.1); Park, W & al., 2004 (p.464, tab.1); Lo & al., 2004 (p.89, tab.1); Lewis & al., 2006 (p.501, Table I, fig.3); Kosobokova & al., 2007 (p.929: Tab.7); Gaard & al., 2008 (p.59, Table 1, N Mid-Atlantic Ridge); Darnis & al., 2008 (p.994, Table 1, figs.8, 9); Galbraith, 2009 (pers. comm.); Lewis & al., 2010 (p.695, Table I); Hidalgo & al., 2010 (p.2089, Table 2)
NZ: 19

Distribution map of Chiridius gracilis by geographical zones
Loc:
Antarct. (Atlant. S, Pacif. S, SE), Magallones region, sub-Antarct. (Indien, Pacif. S, SE), Afr. S, off Mauritanie, Brésil, G. du Mexique, G. du St. Laurent, off Nova Scotia E, Islande S, off Irlande S & W, Ecosse N, Féroé, Mer de Norvège, G. de Gascogne, off Cap Finisterre W, Médit. (Tyrrhénienne, Liban), off Is. Laquedives S, Indien N, Indien S (convergence subtropicale), Indonesia-Malaysia, Flores Sea, Molucca Sea, Halmarea Sea, Philippines, mers de Chine (East China Sea, South China Sea), Taiwan (E, N: Mienhua Canyon), Mer du Japon, Japon, G. d'Alaska (Icy Strait), Pacif. NE (Détroit de Géorgie, ? I. Reine Charlotte, British Columbia, Fjord system (Alice Arm & Hastings Arm), Portland Inlet, Saanich Inlet), Guaymas Basin, Nouvelle-Zélande (Kaikoura), Australie (Grande Barrière), Chili N-S), Straits of Magellan (Pacific and central area), Arct. (SE Beaufort Sea in Darnis & al., 2008 (p.994, Table 1)
N: 48
Lg.:
(5) F: 2,4; (7) F: 2,69; (24) F: 2,8-2,4; (25) F: 2,79; (29) F: 2,2; (34) F: 2,7; (35) F: 2,4-2,3; (36) F: 2,88-2,65; M: 2,43-2,29; (37) F: 2,8-2,45; M: 2,32-1,96; (39) F: 2,55; M: 2,32; (113) F: 2,87-2,4; M: 2,25-2,03; (116) F: 2,61; 2,54; (128) F: 2,64-2,57; (227) F: 3,1-2,68; M: 2,57-2,33; (231) M: 2,03; 2; (866) F: 2,2-2,87; M: 2,03-2,32; (1089) F: 2,6-3,1; M: 2,3-2,6; (1109) F; 2,5; (1122) M: 2,32; {F: 2,20-3,10; M: 1,96-2,60}
Rem.: Mesopelagic.
Sampling depth (Antarct., sub-Antarct.) : 0-1000 m
There are some disagreements on synonymies between the authors.
Last update : 23/04/2013
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