Species Card of Copepod
Cyclopoida ( Order )
    Sapphirinidae ( Family )
        Copilia ( Genus )
Copilia vitrea  (Haeckel, 1864)   (F,M)
Syn.: Hyalophyllum vitreum Haeckel, 1864 (p.63, figs.M); Claus, 1866 (p.17);
Copilia brucii Thompson, 1888 d (p.147, figs.F);
Copilia fultoni T. Scott, 1894 b (p.114, figs.F)
Ref.:
Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.647, 657, 771, figs.F,M); A. Scott, 1909 (p.261, Rem.); Wolfenden, 1911 (p.358); Lehnhofer, 1926 (p.123,133, figs.F,M); Farran, 1929 (p.210, 290); Rose, 1933 a (p.321, figs.F,M); Farran, 1936 a (p.132); Dakin & Colefax, 1940 (p.109, figs.F,M)); Lysholm & al., 1945 (p.44); Sewell, 1947 (p.272); Krishnaswamy, 1953 (p.74, Rem.F); Owre & Foyo, 1967 (p.119, figs.F,M); Vinogradov, 1968 (1970) (p.268); Marques, 1968 a (p.397); Corral Estrada, 1970 (p.234, Rem.); Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.673, figs.F,M); Zheng & al., 1982 (p.130, figs.F); Baessa de Aguiar, 1988 (1990) (p.187, figs.F, Rem.F); Chihara & Murano, 1997 (p.992, Pl.231, 232: F,M); Boxshall, 1998 (p.229); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.887, 972, figs.F,M); Conway & al., 2003 (p.228, figs.F,M, Rem.); Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.653); Vives & Shmeleva, 2010 (p.362, figs.F,M, Rem.)
Species Copilia vitrea - Plate 1 of morphological figuresissued from : Z. Zheng, S. Li, S.J. Li & B. Chen in Marine planktonic copepods in Chinese waters. Shanghai Sc. Techn. Press, 1982 [p.130, Fig.80].
Female: a, habitus (dorsal); b, urosome (dorsal); c, urosome (ventral); d, distal margin of anal segment (dorsal); e, distal margin of anal segment (ventral); f, A2; g, P4.
Scale bar in mm.


Species Copilia vitrea - Plate 2 of morphological figuresissued from : C. Lehnhofer in Wiss. Ergebn. dt. Tiefsee-Exped. ''Valdivia'', 1926, 23 (1). [p.134, Textfig.12].
Female: 1, habitus (dorsal); 2, urosome (dorsal); 3, posterior margin of anal segment (a = dorsal; b = ventral); 4, A2 (segment 3); 5, P1; 6, P2; 7, P3; 8, P4; 9, P5.
Ce = cephalosome; Ri = endopodite; Re = exopodite; B2 = basipodite.


Species Copilia vitrea - Plate 3 of morphological figuresissued from : C. Lehnhofer in Wiss. Ergebn. dt. Tiefsee-Exped. ''Valdivia'', 1926, 23 (1). [p.124, Textfig.2].
Male: 1, A2; 2, distal portion of segment 3 of A2; 3, distal portion of segment 4 of A2; 4, Mxp.


Species Copilia vitrea - Plate 4 of morphological figuresissued from : P.E. Lapernat & C. Razouls in Vie Milieu, 2002, 52 (1). [p.27, Pl. V, fig.4 a, b].
Female (from off Malta, Mediterraneazn Sea): 4a, Mx1; 4b, Mx2)

Compl. Ref.:
Rose, 1933 (p.357, gregarine infestation); Wilson, 1942 a (p.179); 1950 (p.192); Hoenigman, 1955 (p.49); Fagetti, 1962 (p.49); Ganapati & Shanthakumari, 1962 (p.10, 16); Duran, 1963 (p.26); Björnberg, 1963 (p.90, Rem.); De Decker & Mombeck, 1964 (p.13); Mazza, 1966 (p.74); Dowidar & El-Maghraby, 1970 (p.267); Deevey, 1971 (p.224); Apostolopoulou, 1972 (p.329, 381); Corral Estrada & Pereiro Muñoz, 1974 (tab.I); Deevey & Brooks, 1977 (p.156, tab.2, Station "S"); Boxshall, 1977 b (p.557); Tranter, 1977 (p.596, 599); Vaissière & Séguin, 1980 (p.23, tab.2); Vives, 1982 (p.296); Kovalev & Shmeleva, 1982 (p.86); Scotto di Carlo & al., 1984 (p.1044); Guangshan & Honglin, 1984 (p.118, tab.); Longhurst, 1985 (tab.2); Lozano Soldevilla & al., 1988 (p.61); Lozano, 1991 (p.174); Shih & Young, 1995 (p.77); Gouda & Panigrahy, 1995 (p.206); Hure & Krsinic, 1998 (p.104); Gilabert & Moreno, 1998 (tab.1, 2); Suarez-Morales & Gasca, 1998 a (p.112); Lapernat, 1999 (p.37); Lapernat & Razouls, 2001 (tab.1); Fernandez-Alamo & al., 2000 (p.1139, Appendix); Lopez-Salgado & al., 2000 (tab.1); Vukanic, 2003 (p.139, tab.1); Lo & al., 2004 (p.89, tab.1); Jitlang & al., 2008 (p.65, Table 1); Morales-Ramirez & Suarez-Morales, 2008 (p.525); Williamson & McGowan, 2010 (p.273, Table 3, Pacific central gyres: N and S); Hernandez-Trujillo & al., 2010 (p.913, Table 2); Mazzocchi & Di Capua, 2010 (p.429); Medellin-Mora & Navas S., 2010 (p.265, Tab. 2); Shanthi & Ramanibai, 2011 (p.132, Table 1); Hsiao S.H. & al., 2011 (p.475, Appendix I); Maiphae & Sa-ardrit, 2011 (p.641, Table 2, 3, Rem.)
NZ: 16

Distribution map of Copilia vitrea by geographical zones
Species Copilia vitrea - Distribution map 3issued from : C. Lehnhofer in Wiss. Ergebn. dt. Tiefsee-Exped. ''Valdivia'', 1926, 23 (1). [p.156, Textfig.22].
Zoogeographical distribution of C. vitrea.
Loc:
Afr. S (E), off Ste Hélène, G. de Guinée, Is. du Cap Vert, off Mauritanie, Canaries, off Madère, Portugal, Brésil, off Amazone, I. Barbade, Venezuela, Caribbean Colombia, Yucatan, G. du Mexique, Floride, Mer des Sargasses, off Bermuda (Station "S"), off Açores W, Médit. (Mer d'Alboran, Baie d'Alger, NW, G. du Lion, Ligurian Sea, Tyrrhénienne, Messine, off Malte, Ionienne, N & S Adriatique, Mljet Is., Mer Egée, bassin Levantin, Alexandrie), Mer Arabe, Indien S, Madagascar, Inde (Lawson's Bay, Rushikulya estuary), Bay of Bengal, Australie W, G. of Thailand, Indonésie-Malaisie, Philippines, mers de Chine (East China Sea, South China Sea), Taiwan (E: Kuroshio Current, N: Mienhua Canyon), Japon, Is. Gilbert, Pacif. W (équatorial), Pacific central gyres: N and S, Australie (Grande Barrière, Nouvelle-Galles du Sud), Nouvelle-Zélande, Pacif. tropical, Basse Californie (Bahia Magdalena), G. de Tehuantepec, off Guatemala W, W Costa Rica, off Chili
N: 82
Lg.:
(46) F: 5; M: 7,9-7,65; (104) F: 4,5; M: 8,5; (237) M: 8,01; (340) F: 4,7; (391) F: 2,95-2,68; (531) F: 4,5; (703) F: 5,4-3,2; M: 9-5,5; (794) F: 4,5-3; M: 3,5; (866) M: 8,9; (991) F: 3,2-5,4; M: 5,5-5,9; (1023) F: 2,5-2,7; 3,6-3,96; {F: 2,68-5,40; M: 3,20-9,00}
Rem.: epi-mesopelagic, (off Malta: 3000 m). Overall Depth Range in Sargasso Sea: 0-1000 m (Deevey & Brooks, 1977, Station "S");
After Björnberg (1963, p.90) this species is rare, taken between Rio de Janeiro and Santos in tropical water of the Brazil Current.
See in DVP Conway & al., 2003 (version 1)
Last update : 21/05/2013
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Razouls C., de Bovée F., Kouwenberg J. et Desreumaux N., 2005-2012. - Diversity and Geographic Distribution of Marine Planktonic Copepods. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en 
[Accessed May 24, 2013]

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