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Calanoida ( Order ) |
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Calanoidea ( Superfamily ) |
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Calanidae ( Family ) |
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Calanus ( Genus ) |
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Calanus glacialis Jaschnov, 1955 (F,M) | |
| | | | | | | Syn.: | Calanus finmarchicus : Damas & Koefoed, 1907 (part., p.382, tab.II, III); ? Mori, 1937 (1964) (p.13); Brodsky, 1950 (1972) (p.87, figs.F,M);
Calanus finmarchicus glacialis : Kun, 1969 (p.995, fig.F, Rem.); Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.110, 115, 118, figs.) | | | | Ref.: | | | Jaschnov, 1961 a (p.1326, biogéo); Brodsky, 1961 (p.14, fig.F); Jaschnov, 1963 (p.1005, fig.F, biogéo); Matthews, 1966 (p.479, Rem.); 1967 a (p.159, Rev.); Park, 1968 (p.530, figs.F, Rem.); Minoda, 1971 (p.9); Shih & al., 1971 (p.35, 201, 202: Rem.); Vidal, 1971 a (p.11, 21, figs.F,M); Frost, 1971 (p.23, figs.M, Rem.); Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.63, 80,); Vyshkvartzeva, 1972 (1975) (p.188, figs.); Williams, 1972 (p.53, figs.F, carte); Frost, 1974 (p.77, figs.F,M, Rev.); Bradford & Jillett, 1974 (p.6); Jaschnov, 1975 (p.33, figs.F,M); Vyshkvartzeva, 1976 (p.14 & suiv., figs.); Schnack, 1982 (p.144, fig.Md); Brodsky & al., 1983 (p.156, figs.F,M, Rem.); Fleminger, 1985 (p.275, 285); Bradford, 1988 (p.76, Rem.); Bucklin & al., 1995 (p.658); Harris, 1996 (p.95, 98); Chihara & Murano, 1997 (p.738, Pl.66: F,M); Sundt & Melle, 1998 (p.207, Rem.); Melle & Skjoldal, 1998 (p.211, Rem.); Lindeque & al., 1999 (p.91, Biomol.); Bucklin & al., 1999 (p.239, systématique moléculaire); Bucklin & al., 2000 (p.1237, Rem.: analyse génétique moléculaire) |  issued from : T. Park in Antarct. Res. Ser. Washington, 1968, 66 (3). [p.531, Pl.1, Figs.1-2]. Female: (subtropical-tropical Central North Pacific): 1, urosome (dorsal); 2, inner margins of coxae of P5. Nota: The proportional lengths of prosome and urosome are about 3.5-3.7:1.The genital segment is wider than long (53:47). the inner margin of the coxa of P5 has 17 to 29 teeth. The 3rd endopodal segment of P5 has 5 or 6 setae.
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 issued from K. Hulsemann in Invert. Taxon., 1994, 8. [p.1477, Fig.28, B]. Female: B: urosome (left: ventral); right: dorsal). Pore signature schematic by pooled samples (symbols are considerably larger than pores): Filled circle: 100 % presence; open circle: 95-99 % presence; triangle: 50-89 % presence. n =50.
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 issued from : R. Williams in Bull. mar. Ecol., 1972, 8. [p.58, Fig.4]. Female (from N Atlantic): Lateral view (i) and ventral view (ii) of three urosomes showing the variation in shape of the spermathecae and the prominent operculum.
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 issued from : R. Williams in Bull. mar. Ecol., 1972, 8. [Plate XVII]. Female (from N Atlantic): lateral view of the urosome of the three species C. helgolandicus, C.finmarchicus and C. glacialis showing the differences in shape of their spemathecae. The edge of the operculum is easily seen in C. helgolandicus and C. finmarchicus.
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 issued from : R. Williams in Bull. mar. Ecol., 1972, 8. [Plate XVIII, XIX]. Female (from N Atlantic): Above: Ventral view of the urosomes of the three species showing the obvious differences in shape of the spermathecae. The genital pore is in a more posterior position in C. glacialis than in the other two species. Below: A dorsal view of the spermathecae still attached to the basal plate. The spermatophore sac secretion which precedes the extrusion of the spermatozoa, is clearly seen in the spermathecae of C. finmarchicus. The lobed appearance of the spermathecal sacs of C. helgolandicus is also shown.
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 issued from : B.W. Frost in J. Fish. Res.Bd. Canada, 1971, 28. [p.24, Fig.1]. Morphometric analysis of adult males fitting the descriptions of and calanus glacialis from samples scattered throughout the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans: Norwegian Sea, Greenland Sea, Barents Sea and Central Arctic Ocean.
Male P5 of C. glacialis: A, limits of length measurements of left exopodal segments; B, 2nd basipodal segment and proximal exopodal and endopodal segments of left leg showing condyles (arrows) used as limits of segment length measurements; C, limits of length measurements of left endopodal segments.
D: Male P5 of C. finmarchicus (prosome length 2.61 mm; exopodal segment 1: endopodal segment 2 length ratio 2.06.
E: Male P5 of C. glacialis (prosome length 3.71 mm; exopodal segment 1:endopodal segment 2 length ratio 2.07.
All drawings are anterior views; complete armature and total length of all setae not shown.
Scales are 0.2 mm.
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 issued from : B.W. Frost in J. Fish. Res.Bd. Canada, 1971, 28. [p.25, Fig.2]. Morphometric analysis of adult males fitting the descriptions of and calanus glacialis from samples scattered throughout the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans (see Fig.1 for the measurements)
Length of exopodal segment 1 (Re1) of the male P5 plotted against prosome length (solid dots: C. finmarchicus; open circles: C. glacialis).
Equations of least-squares regression lines and correlation coefficients (parentheses).
The prosome was measured in lateral view from the anterior margin of the head to the posterior margin of the last thoracic segment.
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 issued from : B.W. Frost in J. Fish. Res.Bd. Canada, 1971, 28. [p.26, Fig.3]. Morphometric analysis of adult males fitting the descriptions of and calanus glacialis from samples scattered throughout the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans (see Fig.1 for the measurements).
Length of exopodal segment 2 (Re2) of the male left P5 plotted against prosome length (solid dots: C. finmarchicus; open circles: C. glacialis).
Equations of least-squares regression lines and correlation coefficients (parentheses).
The prosome was measured in lateral view from the anterior margin of the head to the posterior margin of the last thoracic segment.
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 issued from : B.W. Frost in J. Fish. Res.Bd. Canada, 1971, 28. [p.27, Fig.4]. Morphometric analysis of adult males fitting the descriptions of and calanus glacialis from samples scattered throughout the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans (see Fig.1 for the measurements).
Length of exopodal segment 3 (Re3) of the male left P5 plotted against prosome length (solid dots: C. finmarchicus; open circles: C. glacialis).
Equations of least-squares regression lines and correlation coefficients (parentheses).
The prosome was measured in lateral view from the anterior margin of the head to the posterior margin of the last thoracic segment.
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 issued from : B.W. Frost in J. Fish. Res.Bd. Canada, 1971, 28. [p.27, Fig.5]. Morphometric analysis of adult males fitting the descriptions of and calanus glacialis from samples scattered throughout the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans (see Fig.1 for the measurements).
Length of endopodal segment 2 (Ri2) of the male left P5 plotted against prosome length (solid dots: C. finmarchicus; open circles: C. glacialis).
Equations of least-squares regression lines and correlation coefficients (parentheses).
The prosome was measured in lateral view from the anterior margin of the head to the posterior margin of the last thoracic segment.
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 issued from : B.W. Frost in J. Fish. Res.Bd. Canada, 1971, 28. [p.28, Fig.6]. Morphometric analysis of adult males fitting the descriptions of and calanus glacialis from samples scattered throughout the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans (see Fig.1 for the measurements).
Exopodal segment 1:endopodal segment 2 (Re1:Ri2) length ratio of the male left P5 plotted against prosome length (solid dots: C. finmarchicus; open circles: C. glacialis).
Equations of least-squares regression lines and correlation coefficients (parentheses).
The prosome was measured in lateral view from the anterior margin of the head to the posterior margin of the last thoracic segment.
| | | | | Compl. Ref.: | | | Jaschnov, 1958 (p.838, fig.2); Grainger, 1961 (p.663, fig.); Grice, 1962 a (p.101, 102); 1963 a (p.495); Grainger, 1963 (p.74, 83, figs.); M.W. Johnson, 1963 (p.89, Table 1, 2); Grice & Hulsemann, 1965 (p.223); Harding, 1966 (p.17, 65, 66, 71); Pertsova, 1967 (p.240); Dunbar & Harding, 1968 (p.319); Vinogradov, 1968 (1970) (p.53, 58, 94, 262, 266); Jaschnov, 1970 (p.199, carte); van der Spoel & Heyman, 1983 (p.62, fig.78); Peruyeva, 1984 (p.613); Smith & al., 1985 (p.693); Smith, 1988 (p.145, tab.2); Conover & al., 1991 (p.177); Hirche, 1991 (p.351); Mumm, 1993 (tab.1, fig.2); Richter, 1994 (tab.4.1a); Pedersen & al., 1995 (p.266, tabl.II); Petryashov & al., 1995 (tab.1); Hanssen, 1997 (tab.3.1); Weslawski & Legezynska, 1998 (p.1238); Kosobokova & al., 1998 (tab.2); Conover & Gustavson, 1999 (p.41, tab.6); Thibault & al., 1999 (p.1391); Kosobokova & Hirche, 2000 (p.2029, tab.2); Musaeva & Suntsov, 2001 (p.511); Hill & al., 2001 (p.279, fig.2: phylogénie); Lischka & al., 2001 (p.186); Sameoto, 2001 (p.749, Table 4, Rem.: decadal changes); Johns & al., 2001 (p.2121, Rem: long-term series); Beaugrand & al., 2002 (p.1692); Beaugrand & al., 2002 (p.179, figs.5, 6); Auel & Hagen, 2002 (p.1013, tab. 2, 3); Sameoto & al., 2002 (p.12); Astthorsson & Gislason, 2003 (p.843); Kosobokova & al., 2003 (p.697, tab.2); Ashjian & al., 2003 (p.1235, figs.); Gislason & Astthorsson, 2004 (p.472, tab.1); Lindeque & al., 2004 (p.121, fig.2); CPR, 2004 (p.50, fig.138); Beaugrand, 2004 (p.3, fig.4); Veistheim & al., 2005 (p.382, tab.2, fig.1); Dmoch & Walczowski, 2005 (p.102 + poster); Thor & al., 2005 (p.341); Hopcroft & al., 2005 (p.198, table 2); Blachowiak-Samolyk & al., 2006 (p.101, tab.1); Lindeque & al., 2006 (p.221); Tamelander & al., 2006 (p.231); Walkusz & al., 2007 (p.43); Wold & al., 2007 (p.655, Rem/ Lipids composition); Falk-Petersen & al., 2007 (p.147, Table 9.1); Lane & al., 2008 (p.97, Tab.4, 6, fig.8); Humphrey, 2008 (p.83: Appendix A) | | | | NZ: | 5 | | | | | |  Chart of 1996 | |
 issued from : R. Williams in Bull. mar. Ecol., 1972, 8. [p.55, Fig.1].
Ditribution of stages V and VI in the North Atlantic from the Continuous Plankton Recorder.
The chart show the average abundance and distrubution derived from more than 43.000 samples taken a depth of 10 m during 1958 to 1968. The samples were assigned to rectangles of 1° lat. by 2° long. The boundary of the sampled area (defined as those rectangles sampled in more than 5 months) is shown by the straight lines in the chart; within this area the average abundance in each rectangle is shown by circular symbols; the presence of the species in the occasional samples outside this area is indicated by plus signs. The absence (in the sampled area) indicates that the species was not found in CPR.
large and small filled in circles and open circles, respectively, are used to indicate the following categories of abundance (average numbers per sample of 3.3 m3: >0.08 : 0.08-0.03 : <0.03 |
| | | | Loc: | | | Arct. (bassin polaire), Barrow Strait, Arct. (Fletcher's Ice Is.), Spitzberg, Mer Blanche, Mer de Barents, Pechora Sea, Mer de Laptev, Lomonosov Ridge, Mer de Chukchi, Mer du Groenland, Disko Bay, Nouvelle-Ecosse, off Terre-Neuve, Atlant. NE & NW (tempéré), Norvège (fjords), Kouriles-Kamtchatka, Mer de Béring, off Hawaii N, | | | | N: | 75 | | | | Lg.: | | | (72) F: 4,3-3,4; M: 3,7-3,1; (329) F: 5,46-3,6; M: 5,36-3,9; (339) F: 5,05; (796) F: 5,6-4,7; M: 4,35-5,55; (866) F: 3,3-5,5; M: 3,9-5,4; {F: 3,30-5,60; M: 3,10-5,60} | | | | Rem.: | Certain confusions exist in the literature between C. glacialis and C. marshallae on one side (Pacific Ocean) and between C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis on the other (Atlantic Ocean) (Cf. Park, 1974, p.77 & followings).
For Frost (1971, p.29) C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis are distinct species and disagrees with the opinions of Aurich (1966) and Matthews (1967) who worked primarily with the female taxonomic characters developped by Jaschnov (1955, 1957).
This polar species seems to have increased recently in the NW Atlantic, till 39° latitude (Johns & al., 2001) off Georges Bank and in the Central North Pacific till 30° ( Park, 1968). | | | Last update : 02/06/2010 | |
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 Any use of this site for a publication will be mentioned with the following reference :
Razouls C., de Bovée F., Kouwenberg J. et Desreumaux N., 2005-2010. - Diversity and Geographic Distribution of Marine Planktonic Copepods. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en
[Accessed September 02, 2010] © copyright 2005-2010 CNRS, UPMC
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