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Calanoida ( Order ) |
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Calanoidea ( Superfamily ) |
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Calanidae ( Family ) |
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Calanus ( Genus ) |
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Calanus propinquus Brady, 1883 (F,M) | |
| | | | | | | Syn.: | Calanus aculeatus Brady,1918;
no C. propinquus : Sewell, 1948 (p.395, 555); Ramirez, 1969 (p.35, figs.F,M) | | | | Ref.: | | | Brady, 1883 (p.34, figs.F,M); Giesbrecht, 1892 (part., p.91, 129, figs.F,M) ; Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (part., p.15); Giesbrecht, 1902 (p.16, figs.F,M); Wolfenden, 1911 (p.190, Rem.F,M); Farran, 1929 (p.207, 214, Rem.); Hardy & Gunther, 1935 (p.123); Vervoort, 1951 (p.27, figs.F,M, Rem.); 1957 (p.26, Rem.); Tanaka, 1960 (p.10, figs.F, juv.F); Tanaka, 1964 (p.5); Vervoort, 1965 b (p.384, figs.F,M); ? Ramirez, 1966 (p.5, figs.F,M); Vinogradov, 1968 (1970) (p.66, 67, 69, 234); Bradford, 1971 b (p.15, figs.F,M); Marshall & Orr, 1972 (p.8); Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (p.9, 71, 87, 117, figs.); Vyshkvartzeva, 1972 (1975) (p.188, fig.); Bradford & Jillett, 1974 (p.6); Vyshkvartzeva, 1976 (p.14); 1977 a (p.97, figs.); Séret, 1979 (p.20, figs.F,M, Rem.); Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.618, figs.F,M); Schnack, 1982 (p.144, fig.Md); Fleminger, 1985 (p.275, 285, Table 1, 4, Rem.:A1); Prado Por, 1986 (p.517); Bradford, 1988 (p.74, 76); Razouls, 1994 (p.25, figs.F,M); Bradford-Grieve, 1994, figs.F,M, fig.98); Menshenina & Melnikov, 1995 (p.129); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.877, 907, figs.F,M); Michels & Schnack-Schiel, 2005 (p.483, , fig.2: Md); Ferrari & Dahms, 2007 (p.62, Rem.); Park & Ferrari, 2009 (p.143, Appendix 1) |  Female: 1, habitus (dorsal); 2, Head (lateral); 3, genital segment (ventral); 4, Th5 and Urosome (lateral); 5, P1; 6, P2; 7, P5; 8, internal side of basipodite 1 of P5; issued from : Brodsky K.A. in Issled. Fauny Morei, 1972, 12 (20): 5-110. 9, P5; 10, internal side of basipodite 1 of P5; issued from : Brady in Rep. scient. Results Voy. Challenger, Zool., 1883, 8 (23): 1-142. 11, genital segment; issued from : Brodsky, 1972
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 issued from : J.M. Bradford-Grieve in The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Pelagic Calanoid Copepoda. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 102, 1994. [p.32, Fig.10]. Female: A, habitus (lateral left side); B, P5.
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 issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19. [Taf.8, Fig.24]. Male: 24, P5 (anterior surface).
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 issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19. [Taf.8, Fig.32]. Male: 32, inner border of basipodal segment 1 of P5 (anterior surface).
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 issued from K. Hulsemann in Invert. Taxon., 1994, 8. [p.1477, Fig.28, N]. Female: N, urosome (left: ventral); right: dorsal). Pore signature schematic by pooled samples (symbols are considerably larger than pores): Filled circle: 100 % presence; open circle: 95-99 % presence; triangle: 50-89 % presence. n = 12.
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 issued from : W. Vervoort in Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., Afd. Natuurk., 1951, (Sect. 2) 47 (2). [p.28, Fig.15]. Female (from 51°11'S, 11°17'E): a, habitus (lateral); b, posterior part cephalothorax and urosome (dorsal; caudal setae omitted); c, idem (lateral). Nota : Rostrum composed of 2 slender filaments, slightly swollen at the basal portion (frontal organ). Head and 1st thoracic segment separated, 4th and 5th separated. Proportional lengths of cephalothorax and abdome as 82 :24. Postero-lateral thoracic border broadly triangular, covering the beginning of the genital segment, laterally the apex is produced into a bluntly pointed, triangular, minute flap. Urosome 4-segmented ; proportional lengths with t caudal rami 32 :20 :16 :10 :22 = 100. Anal flap small. Caudal rami about twice as long as wide, carrying 4 marginal setae of subequal length on each ramus, all densely plumose, in addition 1 small, haired, internal seta and 1 short external seta. A1 25-segmented (separation between the 8th and 9th indistinct) reach the apex of the caudal rami ; the 23th and 24th segments have curoous and remarkably long and plumose, thick setae.
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 issued from : W. Vervoort in Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., Afd. Natuurk., 1951, (Sect. 2) 47 (2). [p.29, Fig.16]. Female: a, genital somite (ventral); b, forehead (dorsal); c, left Mx1. Nota: Genital segment ventrally with slightly elevated genital swelling, 2 small circular receptacles open on the genital sxelling and are covered by a rather small, squarish genital flap.Mx1 big, with a distinct 1st and 2nd outer lobe, the latter with a strong, haired seta ; arrangement and number of setae as in Calanus simillimus.
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 issued from : W. Vervoort in Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., Afd. Natuurk., 1951, (Sect. 2) 47 (2). [p.30, Fig.17]. Female: a, left A2; b, left Md (mandibular palp); c, left Md (cutting edge); d, left Mx2; e, left Mxp. Nota: A2 with endopodal segment, about 5 times as long as wide, distal portion of external margin haired. Md with the 2nd basal segment elongate, with 4 setae on the internal margin ; 1st endopodal segment with a big, sack-like tubercle, carrying 4 setae ; 2 nd endopodal segment broad at the apex with 9 marginal setae plus 2 additional setae on the posterior surface ; of the exopod the first two segments apparently fused, there are totally 6 setae of which the apiical segment carries 2. Mx2 is as Calanus simillimus, the ventral border carries a haired seta, not greatly arched.
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 issued from : W. Vervoort in Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., Afd. Natuurk., 1951, (Sect. 2) 47 (2). [p.32, Fig.18]. Female: a, right P2; b, right P3; c, right P4. (The anterior surface of all feet has been figured).
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 issued from : W. Vervoort in Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., Afd. Natuurk., 1951, (Sect. 2) 47 (2). [p.33, Fig.19]. Female: a, right P1 (anterior); b, right P5 (anterior); c, inner edge of the 1st basal segment of the left P5 (showing the arrangement of the teeth). Nota: P5, compared with Calanus simillimus, have differently arranged teeth along the inner edge of the 1st basal segment ; each segment has a curved row of 15 small teeth and a basal group of 3 much bigger teeth ; the outer edge spine on the 3rd exopodal segment divides the margin in proportions of 5 :3.
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 issued from : W. Vervoort in Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., Afd. Natuurk., 1951, (Sect. 2) 47 (2). [p.34, Fig.20]. Male (from 64°29'S, 9°39'W): a, habitus (lateral); b, P5 (posterior); c, inner edge of the 1st basal segment of P5. (lt = left foot, rt = right foot). Nota : The general shape of the body differs considerably from that of the female, especially in dorsal aspect. Head and 1st thoracic segment separated by a weak line, 4th and 5th well separated. Cephalon in lateral view smoothly rounded, vaulted, with a distinct chitinous knob opposite place of attachment of A2. Cephalothorax and abdomen proportional lengths as 8 :3. Postero-lateral margin of last thoracic segment produced into rounded flaps, covering the 1st urosomal segment, extreme apex of that margin bluntly pointed (points of lateral thoracic margin more distinctly visible in dorsal aspect). Urosome 5-segmented, proportional lengths with the caudal rami 13 :19 :17 :15 :9 :17 = 100. A1 22-segmented (1st-2nd and 3rd-5th segments completely fused, the line separating the 8th-9th and 24th-25th indistinct), reach beyond the caudal rami by the last 2 or 3 segments. P5 resemble those of Calanus simillimus ; the left le gis slightly longer than the abdomen of the male ; the 1st basal segment on the left side is slightly longer than that on the right, inner edge with a row of 20 small teeth of uniform length ; 16 are found on the right side
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 issued from : W. Vervoort in Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., Afd. Natuurk., 1951, (Sect. 2) 47 (2). [p.35, Fig.21]. Male: a-b, posterior part cephalothorax and urosome (dorsal and lateral, respectively). Nota: Genital segment slightly asymmetrical, produced on the left side). Caudal rami about twice as mong as wide, with 4 marginal setae of subaqual size on each ramus, in addition 1 small, curved internal seta and 1 short external seta, all setae densely plumose.
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 issued from : W. Vervoort in Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., Afd. Natuurk., 1951, (Sect. 2) 47 (2). [p.36, Fig.22]. Male: a, right Md (mandibular palp); b, Md (cutting edge); c, forehead (dorsal); d, right Mx2; e, left A2. Nota: A2 and oral parts differ from those of the female in some minor details : in the A2, the exopod is of reduced length ; the mandibular palp has a short and squarish 2nd basal segment, theendopod, of which the first two segments are separated, has remarkably strong setae ; the manducatory plate is of reduced size, but the teeth are strong, they are, however, differently arranged. Mx1 is almost as in the female, the 11 setae on the exopod are stronger ; Mxp is reduced in size, especially the 1st basal segment, which is very short, the 2nd basal segment has a row of teeth like hairs on the basal portion of its internal margin.
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 issued from : W. Vervoort in Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., Afd. Natuurk., 1951, (Sect. 2) 47 (2). [p.38, Fig.23]. Male: a, left Mx1; b, right Mxp.
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 issued from : W. Vervoort in Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., Afd. Natuurk., 1951, (Sect. 2) 47 (2). [p.39, Fig.24]. Male: a-d, P1 to P4 (right feet, anterior surface). Nota: P1 to P4 are almost as in the female.
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 issued from : J. Michels & S.B. Schnack-Schiel in Mar. Biol., 2005, 146. [p.486, Fig.2]. Mandibular gnathobase. a, c: Female (from Weddell and Bellingshausen Seas); . d, Male. a, c: left gnathobase from cranial; b: right gnathobase from distal; V: ventral tooth, C1-C4: central teeth, D1-D3: dorsal teeth, B: dorsal bristle. C4 and dorsal teeth in panel a and ventral tooth in panel c are damaged. Scale bars 0.020 mm.
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 issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Copepoden. Res. voyage du S. Y. Belgica. Rapports scientifiques, Zoologie, 1902. [Taf. I, Figs.1-8]. Female (from Antarctic): 1-2, forehead (dorsal and lateral, respectively); 3, last thoracic segment and urosome (dorsal); 4, last thoracic segment and genital segment (lateral); 5, exopodite 3 of P2; 8, basipodite of P5 (inner margin). Male: 6, exopodite 3 of P4; 7, P5 (anterior).
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 issued from : N.V. Vyshkvartzeva in Issled. Fauny Moreï, 1972, 12 (20). [p.166, Fig.5]. Femele Md: 3, masticatory edge (lateral aspect).
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 Issued from : G.S. Brady in Rep. Scient. Results Voy. Challenger, Zool., 1883, 8 (23). [Pl. XIV, Figs.10, 11]. Male: 10, P5; 11, terminal spines of one swimming feet.
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 Issued from : G.S. Brady in Rep. Scient. Results Voy. Challenger, Zool., 1883, 8 (23). [Pl. II, Figs. 1-7]. Female: 1- 2, habitus (lateral and dorsal, respectively); 3, A1; 4, endopod of A2; 5, Md; 6, P5 (serratures distorted); 6a, serratures more highly magnified; 7, caudal ramus with setae.
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 issued from : C. Razouls (pers. coll.). Female (dorsal and lateral) from Kerguelen Islands, 26 October 1995.
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 issued from : S.B. Schnack in Crustacean Issue, 1989, 6. [p.144, Fig.7: 5]. 5, Calanus propinquus (from Antarctic): Cutting edge of Md.
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 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf. 8, Fig.14]. Female: 14, exopodite 3 of P3 (anterior view).
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 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. - Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf. 8, Fig.22]. Female: 22, P5 (inner margin of B1). B1 : c0xa.
| | | | | Compl. Ref.: | | | Oliveira, 1945 (p.191); Sewell, 1948 (p.516, 548, 565, 569, 572, 574); Fagetti, 1962 (p.6); Voronina, 1972 (p.336, vertical distribution); 1972 a (p.415, vertical distribution); Rudyakov, 1972 (p.886, Table 1, 2, 3: sinking rate); Björnberg, 1973 (p.283, 384); Arashkevich, 1978 (p.118, Table: diets); De Decker, 1984 (p.315); Schnack & al., 1985 (p.256, fig.4); Zmijewska, 1987 (tab.2a); Hopkins & Torres, 1988 (tab.1); Ward, 1989 (tab.2); Ferrari & Dearborn, 1989 (p.1315, predator); Atkinson & al., 1990 (tab.1); Tucker & Burton, 1990 (tab.1); Santos & Ramirez, 1991 (p.79, 80, 82, 83); Siegel & al., 1992 (p.18, tab.34); Hagen & al., 1993 (p.135, lipid storage); Kosobokova, 1994 (p.219); Knox & al., 1996 (tab.1); Zmijewska & al., 1997 (p.127); Errhif & al., 1997 (p.422); Vuorinen & al., 1997 (p.280); Elwers & Dahms, 1998 (p151); Atkinson, 1998 (p.292); Atkinson & Sinclair, 2000 (p.50, 51, 55); Razouls & al., 2000 (p.343, tab. 3, 5, Appendix); Voronina & al., 2001 (p.401); Chiba & al., 2001 (p.95, tab.4, 7); Pasternak Schnack-Schiel, 2001 (p.25); Li & al., 2001 (p.894, tab.1); Ward & al., 2002 (p.2183, tab.2); Ward & al., 2003 (p.121, tab.4); Fuentes & Schnack-Schiel, 2005 (p.253); Calbet & al., 2005 (p.1195, tab.3); Ward & al., 2006 (p.83: tab.4); Schultes & al., 2006 (p.21, fig.1); Tsujimoto & al., 2006 (p.140, Table1); Deibel & Daly, 2007 (p.271, Table 6a, 6b, 7a, Fig.5, Rem.: Antarctic polynyas); Schnack-Schiel & al., 2008 (p.1045: Tab.2); Kiko & al., 2008 (p.1000, Table 3); Ward & al., 2008 (p.241, Tabls, Appendix II ); Takahashi & al., 2010 (p.317, Table 3, 4); Yang & al., 2011 (p.1065, fig.2b); Marrari & al., 2011 (p.1614, Table 2, Fig.2A, 5, 6); Ward & al., 2012 (p.78, Table A1, B1, C1) | | | | NZ: | 5 | | | | | | | | | | Loc: | | | Antarct. (King George Is., Péninsule, South Georgia, Scotia Sea, Mer de Weddell, Atlant. SW, SE, Indien, Pacif. SW, SE, McMurdo Sound, Prydz Bay), sub-Antarct. (Atlant. SW, Indien, Pacif. SW, SE), off Afr. S (S), Namibie, ? G. de Guinée, Bermudes (in Wilson, 1936 c, p.89), Caraïbes (in Wilson, 1942 a, p.173), Argentine, Rio de Janeiro, Chili (Valparaiso) | | | | N: | 122 | | | | Lg.: | | | (10) F: 5,5-5; (25) F: 6-4,95; M: 5,3-4,75; (31) F: 5,3-4,8; M: 4,95-4,85; (35) F: 5,5-5,3; (66) F: 5,54-5,5; (114) F: 5,2; (196) F: 5,1; 4,95; ? (322) F: 2,25; M: 2 (Mar del Plata); {F: 4,80-6,00; M: 4,75-5,30} | | | | Rem.: | Epipelagic, sometimes deeper.
Sampling depth (Antarct., sub-Antarct.) : 0-1000 m.
Sometimes confused with Calanus simillimus, but of larger size. After Bradford-Grieve & al. (1999, p.907) the seta of A1 segment 23 female longer than last 8 segments.
The tropical or subtropical localisations given by Wilson (1942 a, p.173) seem doubtful and are not transferred to the matrix, just like its indication in the Mediterranean (Malta) by Thompson (1888 d (p.139), although two species (Ctenocalanus citer and Spinocalanus terranovae) only known from the Antarctic were recently observed there (off SE Malta, NE Levantin Basin).
Ramirez (1966) indicates sizes more conform to those of C. simillimus.
Bradford-Grieve (1994, p.33) notes this species as common Antarctic copepod usually found south of the Antarctic Convergence. Nevertheless this species may also be found occasionally north of this boundary . | | | Last update : 08/05/2013 | |
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 Any use of this site for a publication will be mentioned with the following reference :
Razouls C., de Bovée F., Kouwenberg J. et Desreumaux N., 2005-2012. - Diversity and Geographic Distribution of Marine Planktonic Copepods. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en
[Accessed May 20, 2013] © copyright 2005-2012 CNRS, UPMC
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