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Calanoida ( Order ) |
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Calanoidea ( Superfamily ) |
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Calanidae ( Family ) |
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Neocalanus ( Genus ) |
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Neocalanus flemingeri Miller, 1988 (F,M) | |
| | | | | | | Syn.: | Calanus sp. Sato, 1913;
Calanus tonsus : Campbell, 1934 (figs.7 b,c); Brodsky, 1938; 1948; 1950 (1967) (figs.F); Tanaka, 1954 (figs.1,4); 1956 (part., fig.22:F);
Calanus plumchrus : Yamada, 1938; Mori, 1937 (1964) (part., p.15, Pl.3: figs.5, 7: Juv.F); Brodsky, 1972 (1975) (part., figs.28 f, 57 Dt., 73 a,b,f); Kos, 1972 (1975) (part., figs.24 A, C, 25 A, C, 27 A, C); Brodsky & al., 1983 (part., fig.79); : Brodsky, 1950 (1967) (part., p.91);
Calanus tonsus : Tanaka, 1954 (p.30) | | | | Ref.: | | | Miller, 1988 (1989) (p.232, figs.F,M, Rem.); Chihara & Murano, 1997 (p.740, Pl.68: F,M); Bucklin & al., 1999 (p.239, molecular systematic); Goldblatt & al., 1999 (p.2619, tabl.1, 2); Heinrich, 2000 (p.1020, figs. juv.); Bucklin & al., 2003 (p.335, tab.2, fig. 2, Biomol.); Machida & al., 2006 (p.1071, tab.1,3, figs.3, Rem/ large form and short form, molecular phylogeny |  issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.233, Fig.2]. Female (from Subarctic Pacific Ocean): 1-2, habitus (dorsal and lateral, respectively); 3, head (lateral); 4-5, urosome (ventral aspect; showing seminal receptacles and antral opening muscles internally); 6-7, habitus from Bering Sea (dorsal and lateral, respectively); 8, head (enlargement; from the same specimen); 9, urosome (same specimen). Scale bar 2.00 mm in 1, 2, 3, 6, 7; 0.45 mm in 4, 5, 9; 0.90 mm in 3 and 8. 1, 2, 3 are three different specimens.
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.236, Fig.4]. Female: A1 (left ); A2 (right, medial aspect); Md A, B from two specimens, lateral (palp) and anterior (gnathobase) aspects; Mxi (left); Mx2 (right) and Mxp (medial aspects); P1 (anterior); Sm B2, detail of medial seta on basipodal segment 2 of P1; P2-P5 (right legs, anterior aspect). Scale bar: 0.4 mm in A1, P2-P5; 0.2 mm in A2, Md, P1; 0.1 mm in Sm-B2.
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.237, Fig.5]. Female: 4, right A1 (segments 12 to 17 (ventral side, showing acuminate denticles in a single row). Nota: Compare with A1 in Neocalanus plumchrus.
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.240, Fig.7]. Saccular organ near the base of exopodite segment 1 of P1 (the roughly circular patches at the base of the organ are clearly the termination of a nerve. 1:Female; 2: Male. Nota: Compare with exopodite segment 1 of P1 in Neocalanus plumchrus.
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.241, Fig.8]. Female: Seminal receptacles and spermatophores; 1 A (ventral); 1 B (lateral); 2, left and rigbt of six specimens (A-F); 3, ventral (A) and antero-lateral (B) views of spermatophore; 4, as (3) for another specimen. Scale bar 0.4 mm.
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.243, Fig.9]. Male: 1-2, habitus (lateral); 3 A-D, forehead from 4 specimens; 4, comparison of forehead of N. femingeri (dashed line for 3 specimens) to that of N. plumchrus (solid line for 3 specimens); 5, urosome (dorsal); 6, dorso-lateral and dorsal views of male reproductive system; 7, lateral outline of seminal vesicle and spermatophore-forming organ in 5 specimens (A-E); 8, P5 (anterior aspect from 2 specimens A-B); 9, left exopodite segments 2 and 3 (from 5 specimens A-E); 10, left P5(in usual curled position).
Scale bar: 2.4 mm for 7; 2.0 mm for 1 and 2; 1.0 mm for 3 and 4; 0.8 mm for 6; 0.5 mm for 5 and 10; 0.25 mm for 8 and 9.
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.245, Fig.10]. Male: left A1 (ventral); right A2, Md, Mx1, Mx2, Mxp (medial aspects); left P1 (anterior aspect with detail of exopodite segment 1 (Ri 1) and medial seta of basipodite 2 (Sm B2); left P2-P4 (anterior aspects). Scale bar: 0.4 mm for A1 and P2-P4; o.2 mm for other figures.;
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.246, Fig.11]. Comparison of proportions (exopodite segment 2/ exopodite segment 3 versus exopodite segments 2 + 3) of the left exopodite of P5 in males of N. femingeri (open circle) and N. plumchrus (square).
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.263, Fig.21]. Copepodite 5: right A2 (medial aspect); right Md, lateral (palp) and anterior (gnathobase) aspects; right Mx1 and left Mx2 (medial aspects); right Mxp ( medial with detail of lateral side of 2nd segment). Scale bar: 0.2 mm for all figures.
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.237, Fig.5 (3)]. Copepodite 5: 3, right A1 (segments 12 to 21).
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.263, Fig.21]. Copepodite 5: P1 (anterior aspect with details showing variants of hair patch on endopodite segment 1 and medial seta on basipodite segment 2 showing setulation); P2 and P4 (anterior aspects of left leg); P3 (anterior aspect of right leg); P5 (anterior and posterior aspects of right leg. Detail of exopodite segment 1 on P2 shows posteriorly curved projection. Scale bar: 0.2 mm for P1 and detail on P2; 0.4 mm for P2 to P4; 0.1 mm for Sm-B2;
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.240, Fig.7 (A3)]. Copepodite 5: A3, saccular organ near the base of exopodite 1 of P1.
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.266, Fig.24]. Copepodite 5: scanning electon micrographs of the ventral tooth on the mandibular gnathobase. Above: N. flemingeri, below N. plumchrus. Scale bars are 0.010 mm.
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.269, Table 10]. Copepodite 5: Comparison of deta length and setule spacing of N. flemingeri and N. plumchrus. Values are means for sevenn specimens from Station P (50°N, 145°W).
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 issued from : C.B. Miller in Prog. Oceanog., 1988 (1989), 20. [p.258, Fig.17]. Copepodite 5: Shape comparison of N. flemingeri (1-4) and N. plumchrus.
1, 5: habitus (lateral view); 2, 6: enlargement of cephalosome; 3, 7: dorsal aspect of urosome; 4, 8: dorsal aspect of urosome showing setation (ribbon setules begin at the small arrow in 8).
Scale bar: 2.0 mm in 1 and 5; 0.67 mm in 2 and 6; 0.38 mm in 3 and 7; 0,67 mm in 4 and 8.
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 issued from : R.J. Machida, M.U. Miya, M. Nishida & S. Nishida in Mar. Biol., 2006, 148. [p.1077, Table 5]. Comparisons of selected biological characteristics of 6 species olus 1 subspecies of Neocalanus.
| | | | | Compl. Ref.: | | | Miller & Clemons, 1988 (p.293); Hattori, 1991 (tab.1, Appendix); Miller & al., 1992 (p.389, size variation/long-term serie); Kotani & al., 1996 (tab.2); Mauchline, 1998 (tab.58); Heinrich, 1998 b (p.805); Dolganova & al., 1999 (p.13, tab.1); Mackas & Tsuda, 1999 (p.335, Table 1); Yamaguchi & al., 2002 (p.1007, tab.1); Yamaguchi & al., 2004 (p.479, tab.2); Park, W & al., 2004 (p.464, tab.1); Coyle, 2005 (p.77, fig.7, 9, tab.3); Kobari & al., 2008 (p.1648, coppodids I-VI, depth distribution); Takahashi & al., 2008 (p.222, Table 2, grazing impact); Galbraith, 2009 (pers. comm.); Hopcroft & al., 2009 (p.9, Table 3); Dagg & al., 2009 (p.716, feeding rates); Mackas & Beaugrand, 2010 (p.300, figs.13); Tatebe & al., 2010 (p.409, Table 1, 2, horizontal transport); Kobari & al., 2010 (p.1703: feeding); Kobari & al., 2010 (p.1703: feeding); Kobari & al., 2010 (p.1715, figs., Table 2, 3, development, growth); Yamaguchi & al., 2010 (p.1679, figs.5, 10, Table 1, population structure); Yamaguchi & al., 2010 (p.1691, figs.2, 7, 10, vertical distribution); Machida & Tsuda, 2010 (p.1: gene sequences, large and small forms); Homma & Yamaguchi, 2010 (p.965, Table 2); Doi & al., 2010 (p.1733, trophic niche); Hopcroft & al., 2010 (p.27, Table 1, 2, fig.9); Matsuno & al., 2012 (Table 2) | | | | NZ: | 4 | | | | | |  issued from : R.J. Machida, M.U. Miya, M. Nishida & S. Nishida in Mar. Biol., 2006, 148. [p.1077, Fig.4].
Relationship between the phylogeny and distribution pattern of the Neocalanus species.
Shaded portions of the maps represent distributions based on the litterature. Clades A-E correspond to those in Fig.3, p.1075. |
 issued from : C.B. Miller, J. Fulton & B.W. Frost in Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 1992, 49. [p.394, Fig.2].
Time series of mean lenths for Neocalanus flemingeri in resting phase, in the Gulf of Alaska; at Station \"P\" (50°N, 145°W.
Each symbol is the mean for a single sample. The overall means for the years (unweighted mean of the sample means) are connected by lines.
Nota: Between-year variation of prosome length is significantly greater than the within-year variation, implying similarity of year-to-year variation in growth conditions over an indeterminate, subregional scale. |
| | | | Loc: | | | Arct. (Chukchi Sea, off NW Alaska), Pacif. N (sub-Arct.), Mer du Japon, Japon (E, NE), Oyashio Region, Okhotsk Sea, Mer de Bering, Aléoutiennes, Station Knot, Station "P" *, G. d'Alaska (Icy Strait), Vancouver Is.
* Ocean Weather Station "P": 50°N, 145°W. | | | | N: | 34 | | | | Lg.: | | | (125) F: 6,32-4,83; M: 4,82-4,4; (127) F: 4,9-4,18; M: 4,73-3,75; (866) F: 4,2-5,2; M: 4,2-4,6; {F: 4,18-6,32; M: 3,75-4,82} | | | | Rem.: | Confusions exist between this species and N. plumchrus , N. tonsus.
For C.B. Miller (1988) it is not so usual to find a new species distinction among common animals, like Neocalanus plumchrus, that have been much studied from an ecological perspective (see Frost, 1974 concerning Calanus marshallaeC. finmarchicus and C. glacialis). Ecological separation between N. flemingeri and N. plumchrus, which are mostly sympatric, almost certainly does not derive from a difference in the depth range during the feeding and growing stages. These two species live at exactly the same level. They both inhabit the surface mixed layer during all of the copepodite stages, except the diapause phase of the copepodite 5 (plumchrus) or female (felemingeri), as shown by Mackas & Sefton and by stratified sampling in the Gulf of Alaska (Miller). Abundances of both are sharply reduced at and below the thermocline. They may achieve separation by a difference in seasonal timing (Miller & Clemons, 1988). N. flemingeri passes through its late copepodite stages earlier in spring than does N. plumchrus with little overlap of the periods (May for flemingeri, June for plumchrus) in which each species is predominantly in the largest, heavily feeding, and ecologically dominant 5th copepodite stage.
A difference in the mechanics of feeding between N. flemingeri and N. plumchrus is implied by the difference in the structure of their Mx2. Recall that the setae of this limb are longer in plumchrus, subtending a longer sector of the cephalosome, and they have considerably closer spacing of the setules than in flemingeri. The effect of these differences upon the feeding process can be only be guessed, but their onsistency over the large size range of both species suggests that they are important. Quite possibly the difference in feeding mechanics produces some niche separation. | | | Last update : 09/02/2013 | |
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 Any use of this site for a publication will be mentioned with the following reference :
Razouls C., de Bovée F., Kouwenberg J. et Desreumaux N., 2005-2012. - Diversity and Geographic Distribution of Marine Planktonic Copepods. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en
[Accessed May 21, 2013] © copyright 2005-2012 CNRS, UPMC
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