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Calanoida ( Order ) |
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Diaptomoidea ( Superfamily ) |
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Candaciidae ( Family ) |
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Candacia ( Genus ) |
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Candacia armata (Boeck, 1872) (F,M) | |
| | | | | | | Syn.: | Candace armata Boeck,1872;
Candace pectinata Brady, 1878 (p.49, figs.F,M); Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.424, 439, figs.F,M); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.128); Wheeler, 1901 (p.177, figs.F,M); no Esterly, 1905 (p.193, figs.F,M); ? Dakin & Colefax, 1933 (p.206, Rem.); no Mori, 1937 (1964) (p.83, figs.M); Dakin & Colefax, 1940 (p.105, figs.F,M); Sewell, 1948 (p.391, 396, 404, 408, 415, 423, 443, 457, 460, 463, 467, 470, 475, 479, 480, 482, 484, 485, 486, 490, 491); Chiba & al., 1957 a (p.11); ? Kott, 1957 (p.6, 18);
Candacia pectinata : V.N. Greze, 1963 a (tabl.2); Anraku & Azeta, 1965 (p.13, Table 2, fish predator); Kovalev & Shmeleva, 1982 (p.85); Hernandez-Trujillo, 1989 a (tab.1); Suarez-Morales & Gasca, 1998 a (p109); Hernandez-Trujillo & Esqueda-Escarcega, 2002 (in Appendix) | | | | Ref.: | | | Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.130); Sars, 1902 (1903) (p.135, figs.F,M); Thompson & Scott, 1903 (p.235, 250); Sharpe, 1910 (p.413); Lysholm, 1913 (p.7); Pesta, 1920 (p.536); Sars, 1925 (p.350); Farran, 1926 (p.291); Candeias, 1926 (1929) (p.41, figs.F); Rose, 1929 (p.39); Wilson, 1932 a (p.139, figs.F,M); Rose, 1933 a (p.253, figs.F,M); Lysholm & al., 1945 (p.41); Farran, 1948 b (n°13, p.3, figs.F,M); Mazza, 1962 (p.341, figs.F,M); Crisafi, 1963 (part.., p.109, figs. M, juv.); Grice, 1963 (p.174, figs.F,M); M. Bernard, 1964 (p.58, figs.Nauplius); ? De Decker, 1964 (p.15, 18, 19, Rem.); Razouls, 1972 (p.95, Annexe: p.86, figs.F,M); Grice & Lawson, 1977 (p.263, figs.F,M); Nival & Nival, 1978 (p.83, figs.F,M, Rem.: Md.); Arnaud & al., 1980 (p.213, gut structure); Sazhina, 1985 (p.67, figs.N); Schnack, 1989 (p.137, tab.1, fig.6: Md); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.885, 956, figs.F,M); Barthélémy, 1999 a (p.9, Fig.12, A); G. Harding, 2004 (p.27, figs.F,M); Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.85: fig.F); Conway, 2006 (p.15, copepodides 1-6, Rem.); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.4443, figs.F,M, Rem.) |  issued from : G.D. Grice & T.J. Lawson in Vie Milieu, 1977 (1978), 27 (2), Ser.A. [p.270, Pl.V]. Female: : 2, urosome (left lateral side). Male: 3A-6A, posterior end of 5th thoracic segment and genital somite of four specimens, dorsal); 3B-6B, idem (lateral view).
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 issued from : G.O. Sars in An Account of the Crustacea of Norway. Vol. IV. Copepoda Calanoida. Published by the Bergen Museum, 1903. [Pl.XCI]. Female & Male. Nota: C: forehead; mp1 + mp2 (= Mx2 + Mxp).
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 issued from : C. Razouls in Th. Doc. Etat Fac. Sc. Paris VI, 1972, Annexe. [Fig.54, B, B', C]. Male: B-B', P5 (from two specimens); C, urosome (dorsal).
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 issued from : R.-M. Barthélémy in These Doct. Univ. Provence (Aix-Marseille I), 1999. [Fig.12, A]. Female (from Gulf of Marseille, NW Mediterranean Sea): A, external ventral view genital double-somite. go = genital operculum. Note the simple operculum covering genital area. Scale bar: 0.050 mm.
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 issued from : C. Razouls in Th. Doc. Etat Fac. Sc. Paris VI, 1972, Annexe. [Fig.55, A]. Male (from Banyuls): A, right A1.
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 issued from : C. Razouls in Th. Doc. Etat Fac. Sc. Paris VI, 1972, Annexe. [Fig.53, A-C]. Female (from Banyuls, G. of Lion): A-C, P5 (from different specimens).
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 issued from : G. Harding in Key to the adullt pelagic calanoid copepods found over the continental shelf of the Canadian Atlantic coast. Bedford Inst. Oceanogr., Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, 2004. [p.27]. Female & Male.
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 issued from : S.B. Schnack in Crustacean Issue, 1989, 6. [p.143, Fig.6: 14]. 14, Candacia armata (from off NW Africa, upwelling region): Cutting edge of Md.
| | | | | Compl. Ref.: | | | Rose, 1925 (p.152); Wilson, 1932 (p.22); 1942 a (p.174); Massuti Alzamora, 1942 (p.95, Rem;); Sewell, 1948 (p.463, 467, 468, 506); C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.180); Fleury, 1950 (p.47, fig.2); Østvedt, 1955 (p.15: Table 3, p.76); Deevey, 1956 (p.127, tab. IV); 1960 (tab.II); ? Yamazi, 1958 (p.151, Rem.); Deevey, 1960 (p.5, Table II, annual abundance); Gaudy, 1962 (p.93, 99, Rem.: p.112) ; Duran, 1963 (p.23); Giron-Reguer, 1963 (p.36); Shmeleva, 1963 (p.141); Grice, 1963 a (p.496); Mazza, 1964 (p.293, weight); Shmeleva, 1965 b (p.1350, lengths-volume -weight relation); Pavlova, 1966 (p.44); Mazza, 1966 (p.72); 1967 (p.364, 377); Ehrhardt, 1967 (p.741, geographic distribution, Rem.); Vinogradov, 1968 (1970) (p.268); Shih & al., 1971 (p.37); Lefèvre-Lehoërff, 1972 (p.1681); Apostolopoulou, 1972 (p.328, 366); Nival & al., 1974 (p.231, respiration & excretion); S. Razouls, 1974 (147, oxygen rate); Vives & al., 1975 (p.52, tab.II, III); Colebrook, 1978 (tab.1); Vaissière & Séguin, 1980 (p.23, tab.1); Vives, 1982 (p.294); Kovalev & Shmeleva, 1982 (p.85); Turner & Dagg, 1983 (p.16); Sameoto, 1984 (p.767, vertical migration); Scotto di Carlo & al., 1984 (1045); Brenning, 1985 a (p.28, Table 2, fig.9); Regner, 1985 (p.11, Rem.: p.37); Jansa, 1985 (p.108, Tabl.I, , II, III, IV, V); Williams & Collins, 1985 (p.28); Petipa & Borichenko, 1985 (tab.2); Brylinski, 1986 (p.457, spatial variations); Brenning, 1987 (p.27, spatial distribution, T-S diagram, Rem.); Gorsky & al., 1988 (p.133, Table I, C-N composition); Lozano Soldevilla & al., 1988 (p.60); McLaren & al., 1989 (p.560, life history, annual production); Citarella, 1989 (p.123, abundance); Fransz & al., 1991 (p.8); Seguin & al., 1993 (p.23); Kouwenberg, 1993 a (p.281, fig.4, sex ratio); Hays & al., 1994 (tab.1); Kouwenberg, 1994 (p.69, tab.1); Shih & Young, 1995 (p.68); Hure & Krsinic, 1998 (p.102); Mauchline, 1998 (tab.47); Reid & Hunt, 1998 (p.310, figs.2, 3, Rem.); Gilabert & Moreno, 1998 (tab.1, 2); Corten, 1999 (p.191, fig.3, Table 1, 2); Siokou-Frangou, 1999 (p.478); Lapernat, 2000 (tabl.3, 4); Seridji & Hafferssas, 2000 (tab.1); d'Elbée, 2001(tabl. 1); Holmes, 2001 (p.29, Rem.); Fransz & Gonzalez, 2001 (p.255, tab.1); Beaugrand & al., 2002 (p.1692); Beaugrand & al., 2002 (p.179, figs.5, 6); Daly Yahia & al., 2004 (p.366, fig.4); Bonnet & Frid, 2004 (p.485, fig.5); CPR, 2004 (p.51, fig.143); Queiroga & al., 2005 (p.195, table 1); Isari & al., 2006 (p.241, tab.II); Valdés & al., 2007 (p.104: tab.1); Cabal & al., 2008 (289, Table 1); Gaard & al., 2008 (p.59, Table 1, N Mid-Atlantic Ridge); Brylinski, 2009 (p.253: Tab.1, p.255:Rem.); Escribano & al., 2009 (p.1083, fig.6: N Chile); Mazzocchi & Di Capua, 2010 (p.424); Eloire & al., 2010 (p.657, Table II, temporal variability); Salah S. & al., 2011 (Tableau 1); Van Ginderdeuren & al., 2012 (p.3, Table 1) | | | | NZ: | 5 + 6 doubtful | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |  Chart of 1996 | |
 issued from : A.A. Shmeleva in Bull. Inst. Oceanogr., Monaco, 1965, 65 (n°1351). [Table 6: 34 ]. Candacia armata (from South Adriatic).
Dimensions, volume and Weight wet. Means for 50-60 specimens. Volume and weight calculated by geometrical method. Assumed that the specific gravity of the Copepod body is equal to 1, then the volume will correspond to the weight. |
 issued from : U. Brenning in Wiss. Z. Wilhelm-Pieck-Univ. Rostock - 36. Jahrgang 1987. Mat.-nat. wiss. Reihe, 2. [p.27, Fig.1].
Spatial distribution for Candacia curta, C. armata, C. bipinnata, C. paenelongimana, C. varicans (as varians), C. pachydactyla, C. longimana, C. ethiopica, Paracandacia simplex ( = C. simplex) from 8° S - 26° N; 16°- 20° W, for different expeditions (V1: Dec. 1972- Jan. 1973; V2: Feb/Mar. 1973; VI: May 1974; IV: Jun./Jul. 1972). |
 issued from : U. Brenning in Wiss. Z. Wilhelm-Pieck-Univ. Rostock - 36. Jahrgang 1987. Mat.-nat. wiss. Reihe, 2. [p.28, Fig.2].
T-S Diagram for Candacia curta, C. armata, C. bipinnata, C. paenelongimana, C. varicans, C. pachydactyla, C. longimana, C. ethiopica, Paracandacia simplex ( = C. simplex) from 8° S - 26° N; 16°- 20° W. |
| | | | Loc: | | | [Afr. S (SE & SW), Namibie], Canaries, off Mauritanie, off Maroc-Mauritanie, Cap Ghir, off Madère, Portugal, Açores, Floride, Chesapeake Bay, G. du Maine, Long Island, Delaware Bay, off Woods Hole, Baie de Fundy, Emerald Bank, off SE Nova Scotia, Northumberland Strait, G. du St. Laurent, off Terre-Neuve E, Féroé, Mer de Norvège, Norvège, Barens Sea, Mer du Nord, off Irlande SW, Bristol Channel, Irlande, G. de Gascogne, Espagne NW (Arosa), Manche, Morlaix estuary, Pas de Calais, Baie Ibéro-marocaine, Médit. (Mer d'Alboran, Alger, Castellon, Baleares, Banyuls, Marseille, Villefranche-s-Mer, Ligurian Sea, Mer Tyrrhénienne, Strait of Messina, Adriatique, Ionienne, Mer Egée, bassin Levantin), ? Mer Rouge: Aqaba (in Vaissière & Séguin, 1984), [? Indien SE, sub-équatorial], [? Australie SE], [Mer de Sulu, Philippines, Mer de Chine (East China Sea), Nagazaki, off Japan E, Hawaii, ? off Californie, Basse Californie W, Amér. centrale, Equateur W, N Chili, off Is. Béring]; les localisations for Philippines and the Pacifique in C.B. Wilson, 1942 a; 1950 and Kott, 1957 (SE Australia); for the Indian Ocean in Chiba & al., 1957 a; for the South Africa: De Decker, 1964, but cancellrd in 1984 (p.317) | | | | N: | 129 (Atlant. N: 67; Médit.: 55; ? Mer Rouge: 1; ? Indien: 3, ? Pacif.: 3) | | | | Lg.: | | | (38) F: 2,64-2,4; M: 2,54-2,48; (45) F: 2,75-2,5; M: 2,6-2,25; (46) F: 2,4-1,95; M: 2,12-1,7; (65) F: 2,7; M: ± 2,7; (342) F: 2,554-2,174; M: 2,402-2,021; (344) F: 2,88-2,3; M: 2,4-2,2; (449) F: 2,7-1,95; M: 2,7-1,7; (920) F: 2,51; M: 2,10-2,12; (1110) F: 2,3-3,19; M: 2,3-1,66; {F: 1,95-3,19; M: 1,70-2,70} | | | | Rem.: | epi-mesopelagic.
No account has been taken of the localities between brackets in the table of synthesis. May be confused with C. giesbrechti notably in the Mediterranean Sea.
The locality records established by C.B. Wilson would be erroneous (Fleminger & Bowman, 1956, p.332).
The records from the eastern Chinese Sea (in Shih & Young, 1995) and in Japan ( Tanabe Bay by Yamazi, 1958, and Nagazaki by Anraku & Azeta, 1965) are to be confirmed.
Species regarded as an indicator of water of Atlantic origin in the North Sea.
After S.B. Schnack (1989) the Itoh's index value of mandibular gnathobase = 1879. | | | Last update : 09/05/2013 | |
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 Any use of this site for a publication will be mentioned with the following reference :
Razouls C., de Bovée F., Kouwenberg J. et Desreumaux N., 2005-2012. - Diversity and Geographic Distribution of Marine Planktonic Copepods. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en
[Accessed May 21, 2013] © copyright 2005-2012 CNRS, UPMC
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