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List species and varieties by family |
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| Tortanidae Sars, 1902 ( Diaptomoidea ) | |
| | | (1) Tortanus Giesbrecht,1898; emend. Ohtsuka & Reid, 1998 | |
| | Rem.: | Type: Corynura gracilis Brady, 1883. 5 S.G.: Acutanus , Atortus, Boreotortanus, Eutortanus , Tortanus . Total: 47 spp. + 1 undet.
Diagnosis from Bradford-Grieve (1999 b, p.228):
- 1 median eye.
- No rostrum; a semicircular plate, thickly covered with short bristles, lies anterior to the labrum.
- Head and pediger segment 1 separate, pediger segments 4 and 5 fused or separate.
- Posterior corners of pediger segment 5 with rounded or pointed extremities which are small or absent in the male.
- Urosomal segments 2- or 3-segmented in female
- Genital segment female without seminal receptacles.
- Urosome 5-segmented in male, often asymmetrical, both because of asymmetry in individual segments and as a result of curvature along the longitudinal axis; urosome asymmetry less frequent in males.
- Female genital segment often asymmetrical, bearing a common genital aperture located medially on ventral surface, copulatory pore contained within median gemital aperture.
- Caudal rami sometimes asymmetrical, one larger than the other, often fused to the anal segmebt, with 6 setae.
- A1 12- to 15-segmented, prehensile on the right side in the male, its middle part widened and sometimes equipped with a denticulate plate.
- A2 coxa and basis separate, endopod and basis often fused; with exopod indistinctly 3-segmented, typically with an unarmed 1st segment, a long middle segment with up to 3 setae, and a short segment with 2 setae; endopod 2-segmented with 6 terminal setae.
- Md with an elongate palp; unarmed basis; endopod 2-segmented with 0 and 6 setae; exopod indistinctly 1- 4-segmented with 5 setae in total.
- Mx1 with much reduced number of lobes (inner lobe 1 one other the only ones present); inner lobe 1 with up to 13 spines and setae, the distal segment elongate bearing 3 powerful claw-like setae around the apex, and up to 7 short setae subapically.
- Mx2 with lobes 1-3 reduced; the remaining lobes bear claw-like setae.
- Mxp reduced with 2 long spines on the 1st segment; the distal part pof the limb bearing 3 or 4 setae on the inner margin and 1 on the outer margin of the distal segment.
- Swimming legs with3-segmented exopods; endopod of P1 2 or 3-segmented; P2-P4 with 2- segmented endopodss.
- Female P5 simple, uniramous, 2-3-segmented; coxa and coupler fused; basis with an outer seta; free exopodal segment typically with 1 outer margin spine and 3 spinous processes arranged around the margins; exopod segment sometimes in the form of a curved tapering process.
- Male P5 asymmetrical, uniramous; right leg 3-segmentd, 1st segment unarmed, 2nd segment often expanded into a medial or distal lamellate process armed with up to 3 setae, 3rd segment forming a subchela typically curved and armed with 3 or 4 small setae; left leg 4-segmented, 1st segment unarmed, 2nd and 3rd segments elongate, each with an inner and outer seta, 4th segment curved, typically armed with 2 setae on the inner margin, 1 apical seta and 2 on the outer margin; the inner seta on the 3rd segment often carried on a slender process.
Diagnosis from Mulyadi (2004, p.164):
- Cephalon without lateral hook.
- Rostrum absent, horse shoe-shaped plate fringe with hairs anterior to upper lip.
- Eye large, without lenses.
- Cephalon and pediger somite 1 separated, pediger somites 4 and 5 fused or separated.
- Corners of last thoracic somite pointed and sometimes asymmetrical in female, rounded in male.
- Urosome 2 or 3 somites and usually asymmetrical in female; 5 somites in male.
- Caudal rami usually very asymmetrical in female, less so in male.
- A1 17-segmented; male right A1 prehensile, thickened at middle.
- Endopod of A2 little longer than exopod.
- Basis of Md long; outermost tooth of gnathobase large and well separated from other teeth.
- Mx1 reduced to basal segment bearing short broad proximal lobe and long narrow distal lobe, the latter with 2 long and 1 shorter apical setae.
- Mx2 with much reduced proximal lobe.
- Mxp with well-developed basal segment armed with strong setae; endopod much reduced.
- P1-P4 with 3 exopodal segment, 2 or 3 endopodal segments in P1, 2 endopodal segments in P2-P4.
- P5 uniramous in both sexes, 2-3-segmented and sometimes asymmetrical in female; right P5 male forming a chela.
Key to subgenera from Ohtsuka & Reid (1998, p.775) :
1 – Right caudal ramus of female bearing large acute outer process ; right caudal seta II of male much thicker and longer than left ; 2 nd endopod segment of leg P4 bearing 7 setae …….. Tortanus (Boreotortanus) Ohtsuka & Reid, 1998.
1’ – Caudal rami of both sexes not as above ; 2 nd endopod segment of leg P4 with 6 setae ……… 2.
2 – Mxp syncoxa beraing 5 setae ……. 3.
2’ - Mxp syncoxa bearing only 2 setae …… 4.
3 – In both sexes, dorsal terminal triangular process present on both caudal rami ; prosomal corners of female not produced ; caudal rami of male exyremely slender, as long as or longer than urosomites compined, 2 nd endopod segments of legs P2 and P3 each bearing 7 setae …….. T. (Tortanus) Giesbrecht, 1898.
3’ – In both sexes, dorsal terminal triangular process absent on both caudal rami ; prosomal corners of female produced posteriorly into winglike process ; caudal rami of male shorter than urosomites compbined ; 2 nd endopod segments of legs P2 and P3 each bearing 8 setae ……T. (Eutortanus) Smirnov, 1935.
4 – In both sexes, pedigers 4 and 5 separate ; female P5 with with 1-segmented exopodbearing either 4 spines or 3 spines plus 1 process ; in right P5 of male, exopod arising proximally from basis …….. T. (acutanus) Ohtsuka, 1992.
4’ – In both sexes, pedigers 4 and 5 fused ; female exopod of P5 either reduced or 1-segmented, tapering distally with spines/processes ; in right P5 of male, exopod arising distally from basis …….. T. (Atortus) Ohtsuka, 1992. |
| | [1] Tortanus (Atortus) ampliramus Ohtsuka, El-Sherbiny & Ueda, 2000 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [2] Tortanus (Atortus) andamanensis Nishida, Anandavelu & Padmavati, 2015 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [3] Tortanus (Acutanus) angularis Ohtsuka, 1992 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [4] Tortanus (Tortanus) barbatus (Brady, 1883) (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [5] Tortanus (Atortus) bilobus Mulyadi, Nishida & Ohtsuka, 2017 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [6] Tortanus (Atortus) bonjol Othman, 1987 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [7] Tortanus (Atortus) bowmani Othman, 1987 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [8] Tortanus (Atortus) brevipes A. Scott, 1909 (F) [Figs] | |
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| | Tortanus bumpusi Wheeler, 1901 (F,M) | | Syn.: | Corynura bumpusii Wheeler, 1901 (p.184, figs.F,M) | | Rem.: | Cf. Tortanus discaudatus |
| | [9] Tortanus (Atortus) capensis Grindley, 1978 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [10] Tortanus (Acutanus) compernis Gonzalez & Bowman, 1965 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | Tortanus denticulatus Giesbrecht, 1889 (F) | | Syn.: | Corynura denticulata Giesbrecht,1899; 1892 (p.525, 772, figs.F) | | Ref.: | Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.158); Sewell, 1912 (p.377, Rem.); Früchtl, 1924 b (p.15, Rem.); Greenwood, 1978 (p.18, Rem.); Hulsemann, 1988 (p.656, Rem.) | | Loc: | Mer Rouge | | Rem.: | Cf. Tortanus barbatus |
| | Tortanus denticulatus Shen & Lee, 1963 (F,M) | | Ref.: | Shen & Lee, 1963 (p.595, figs.F,M); Bowman, 1971 a (p.521); Hulsemann, 1988 a (p.656, Rem.) | | Loc: | Chine | | Rem.: | Cf. Tortanus sheni |
| | [11] Tortanus (Eutortanus) derjugini Smirnov, 1935 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [12] Tortanus (Eutortanus) dextrilobatus Chen & Zhang, 1965 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [13] Tortanus (Atortus) digitalis Ohtsuka & Kimoto, 1989 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [14] Tortanus (Boreotortanus) discaudatus (Thompson & Scott, 1897) (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [15] Tortanus (Acutanus) ecornatus Ohtsuka & Reid, 1998 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [16] Tortanus (Atortus) erabuensis Ohtsuka, Fukuura, Go, 1987 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [17] Tortanus (Tortanus) forcipatus Giesbrecht, 1889 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [18] Tortanus (Atortus) giesbrechti Jones & Park, 1968 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [19] Tortanus (Tortanus) gracilis (Brady, 1883) (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [20] Tortanus (Atortus) indonesiensis Mulyadi, Nishida & Ohtsuka, 2017 (M) [Figs] | |
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| | [21] Tortanus (Atortus) insularis Ohtsuka & Conway, 2003 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [22] Tortanus (Eutortanus) komachi Itoh, Ohtsuka & Sato, 2001 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [23] Tortanus (Atortus) longipes Brodsky, 1948 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [24] Tortanus (Atortus) lophus Bowman, 1971 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [25] Tortanus (Atortus) lukmani Mulyadi, Nishida & Ohtsuka, 2017 (M) [Figs] | |
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| | [26] Tortanus (Atortus) manadoensis Mulyadi, Nishida & Ohtsuka, 2017 (M) [Figs] | |
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| | [27] Tortanus (Atortus) magnonyx Ohtsuka & Conway, 2005 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [28] Tortanus (Atortus) minicoyensis Francis & Bijoy Nandan, 2019 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [29] Tortanus (Atortus) murrayi A. Scott, 1909 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [30] Tortanus (Atortus) nishidai Ohtsuka, El-Sherbiny & Ueda, 2000 (M) [Figs] | |
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| | [31] Tortanus (Atortus) omorii Mulyadi, Nishida & Ohtsuka, 2017 (M) [Figs] | |
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| | [32] Tortanus (Atortus) processus Mulyadi, Nishida & Ohtsuka, 2017 (M) [Figs] | |
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| | [33] Tortanus (Atortus) recticaudus (Giesbrecht, 1889) (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [34] Tortanus (Atortus) rubidus Tanaka, 1965 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [35] Tortanus (Atortus) ryukyuensis Ohtsuka & Kimoto, 1989 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [36] Tortanus (Atortus) scaphus Bowman, 1971 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | Tortanus (Atortus) scaphus variant | | Ref.: | McKinnon, 1993 (p.1, figs.F, Rem.) | | Loc: | (860) F: 2,62; { F: 2,6 |
| | [37] Tortanus (Acutanus) setacaudatus Williams, 1906 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [38] Tortanus (Eutortanus) sheni Hulsemann, 1988 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [39] Tortanus (Atortus) sigmoides Nishida, Anandavelu & Padmavati, 2015 (M) [Figs] | |
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| | [40] Tortanus (Atortus) sinicus Chen, 1983 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [41] Tortanus (Eutortanus) spinicaudatus Shen & Bai, 1956 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [42] Tortanus (Atortus) sulawesiensis Mulyadi, Nishida & Ohtsuka, 2017 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [43] Tortanus (Atortus) taiwanicus Chen & Hwang, 1999 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [44] Tortanus (Eutortanus) terminalis Ohtsuka & Reid, 1998 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [45] Tortanus (Atortus) tropicus Sewell, 1932 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [46] Tortanus (Atortus) tumidus Chen, Hwang & Yin, 2004 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [47] Tortanus (Eutortanus) vermiculus Shen, 1955 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | Tortanus (Atotus) sp. Ohtsuka, 1992 | | Ref.: | Ohtsuka, 1992 b (p.265, nom. nud.) | | Loc: | Sud Yemen |
| | [48] Tortanus (Atortus) vietnamicus Nishida & Cho, 2005 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [49] Tortanus sp. Mulyadi, 2004 (F) [Figs] | |
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Razouls C., Desreumaux N., Kouwenberg J. and de Bovée F., 2005-2024. - Biodiversity of Marine Planktonic Copepods (morphology, geographical distribution and biological data). Sorbonne University, CNRS. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en [Accessed November 21, 2024] © copyright 2005-2024 Sorbonne University, CNRS
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