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List species and varieties by family |
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| Bathypontiidae Brodsky, 1950 ( Bathypontioidea ) | |
| | | (1) Alloiopodus Bradford, 1969 | |
| | Rem.: | Type: Alloiopodus pinguis Bradford, 1969. Total: 1 sp.
This genus, established from a female of which the legs were damaged, is placed by Bradford (p.500) among the Bathypontiidae family, defined by Brodsky, 1950 (1967, p. 414).
After Boxshall & Halsey (2004, p.72) the family is typically oceanic, bathypelagic forms and occur widely in tropical to temperate waters. The genus Alloiopodus is probably hyperbenthic.
Diagnosis from Bradford-Grieve (1999 b, p.20) :
- Head and pediger somite 1 separate, pediger somites 4 and 5 separate.
- Pediger somite 5 with asymmetrical posterior flaps.
- A1 very short, 23-segmented, unequal.
- Rostrum bifurcate.
- A2 exopod and endopod equal in length, endopod twice the width of exopod.
- Md gnathobase with 1 tooth large and set apart from others.
- Mx1 reduced, without an endopod or setae on outer lobe 1.
- Mx2 well developed with lobe 4 bearing a strong seta.
- Mxp with a gripping region between coxa and basis.
- P1 endopod 1-segmented.
- P2 endopod 3-segmented; (endopods of P2 and P4 unknown).
- P1 exopod 3-segmented (exopods of other pairs unknown).
- Basis of P3-P5 bearing a stout external spine.
- P5 endopod 1-segmented, exopod not known.
Bradford (1969 b, p.500) places this genus in the Bathypontiidae because of the degree of fit to Brodsky's (1950) [1967] definition of the family and the general similarity of its mouthparts, especially the reduction of setation on Mx1, to the other genera in the family.. As pointed out by other authors (Fosshagen, 1967; Grice & Hulsemann, 1967) there are many combinations of characteristics of rostrum, P5, reduction of Mx1 parts and segmentation of the limbs.
Bradford (1969 b, p.503) underline that this genus is the first benthic bathypontiid to be described as such, but the stoutness of the external spines on the swimming leg exopods of any other genera as Sognocalanus, Zenkevitchiella show that these could be benthic genera too. Some other genera, e.g. Aetideopsis spp., also look as if they live associated with the bottom in some way. Matthews (1964) , used plankton samplers to collect copepods from on or near the bottom, found that calanoud copepods are modified for a hyperbenyjonic life: fewer eggs than pelagic species; gradation of characters which depend on how closely the species is associated with the bottom, for example, in truly benthic species there are fewest naupliar stages, attachment of eggs to the sea bed becomes less fortuitous 'some are self-adhesive, others are stuck down by the female) and there are the largest numbers of setae,often annulate, on antennulae. The characters most consistently present are compact body shape, robust long extarnal spines on swimming leg exopods and smaller numbers of setae on the mouthparts. |
| | [1] Alloiopodus pinguis Bradford, 1969 (F) [Figs] | |
| | | | Rem.: | Bradford-Grieve, 1999 b (p.21) considers this genus as a junior synonym of Temorites. | | | | Bathypontia elegans Sars, 1920 (F,M) | | Ref.: | Sars, 1920 c (p.20, Rem.F); 1925 (p.358, figs.F,M) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites elegans | | | | Bathypontia elongata Sars, 1905 (F,M) | | Syn.: | ? Isocalanus major Wolfenden, 1906 (p.37); 1911 (p.347, figs.juv.); ? Bathypontia major: Grice & Hulsemann, 1967 (p.19) | | Ref.: | Sars, 1905 c (p.24, Rem.F) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites elongata | | | | Bathypontia intermedia Deevey, 1973 (F) | | Ref.: | Deevey, 1973 a (p.361, figs.F) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites intermedia | | | | Bathypontia kanaevae Björnberg, 1976 (F) | | Ref.: | Björnberg, 1976 (p.198, Descr.F, figs.F) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites kanaevae | | | | Bathypontia longicornis Tanaka, 1965 (M) | | Ref.: | Tanaka, 1965 (p.382, Descr.M, figs.M) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites longicornis | | | | Bathypontia longiseta Brodsky, 1950 (F) | | Ref.: | Brodsky, 1950 (1967) (p.415, Descr.F, figs.F) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites longiseta | | | | Bathypontia major Wolfenden, 1906 (F) | | Syn.: | Isocalanus major Wolfenden, 1906 (p.37, figs.F); 1911 (p.347, figs.F) | | Ref.: | : Atlant. (Is. du Cap Vert), Indien | | Rem.: | Cf. ? Temorites elongata (juv.) | | | | Bathypontia michelae Deevey, 1979 (F) | | Ref.: | Deevey, 1979 (p.725, Descr.F, figs.F) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites michelae | | | | Bathypontia minor Wolfenden, 1906 (F,M) | | Syn.: | Isocalanus minor Wolfenden, 1906 (p.36); 1911 (p.349, figs.F) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites minor | | | | Bathypontia minor Sars, 1907 (F) | | Ref.: | Sars, 1907 a (p.27, Rem.F) | | Rem.: | nom préoccupé. Cf. Temorites sarsi | | | | Bathypontia regalis Grice & Hulsemann, 1967 (M) | | Ref.: | Grice & Hulsemann, 1967 (p.19, 38, Descr.M, figs.M) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites regalis | | | | Bathypontia sarsi Grice & Hulsemann, 1965 (F,M) | | Syn.: | B. minor Sars, 1907 a (p.27) (nom. praeoc.); Grice & Hulsemann, 1965 (p.249, Rem.) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites sarsi | | | | Bathypontia similis Tanaka, 1965 (F,M) | | Ref.: | Tanaka, 1965 (p.379, figs.F,M) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites similis | | | | Bathypontia spinifera A. Scott, 1909 (F,M) | | Syn.: | ? B. sarsi : Wheeler, 1970 (p.12) | | Ref.: | A. Scott, 1909 (p.183, figs.F,M) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites spinifera | | | | Bathypontia unispina Deevey, 1979 (F) | | Ref.: | Deevey, 1979 (p.730, Descr.F, figs.F) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites unispina | | | | Bathypontia sp. Wheeler, 1970 (F) | | Ref.: | Wheeler, 1970 (p.13, Descr.F, figs.F) | | Rem.: | Cf. Temorites sp. |
| | Damkaeria Fosshagen, 1983 | |
| | Rem.: | This genus, included in the Bathypontiidae, could, together with Teneriforma (Spinocalanidae) and other genera, constitute a new family. Cf. Spinocalanidae. |
| | Foxtonia Hulsemann & Grice, 1963 (? Bathypontiidae ) | |
| | Rem.: | Provisionally included in the family Bathypontiidae. For Schulz (1996, p.599) this genus could be included in the Spinocalanidae. Position followed by Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.196, Rem.). Cf. Spinocalanidae. | | | | | Rem.: | Type: Temorites brevis Sars, 1900. For Bradford-Grieve (1999 b, p.21) the type species is Bathypontia elongata Sars, 1905. Total: 15 spp. + 1 unidentified.
Diagnosis after Bradford-Grieve (1999 b, 21): As in the family with the following additional characters :
- Head separate or partly fused with 1st pedigerous , 4th and 5th segment usually separate.
- Posterior border of last thoracic segment asymmetrically extended in some species.
- Rostrum large, formed of a stumpy or rounded plate which is sometimes bifid at its tip, without filaments.
- Female urosome 4-segmented, 5-segmented in male, caudal rami usually short.
- A1 22-23-segmented ; male right A1 modified, 19-20-segmented.
- A2 and Md palp with equal rami.
- Mx1 with a well-developed exopod, endopod absent.
- Mx2 strong, with 6 or more long curved spines, often serrulate distally.
- Mxp weak.
P1 endopod 1-2-segmented, exopod segments 1 and 2 without outer edge spines.
- P2 with 2-3-segmented endopods.P1-P4 with 3-segmented exopods..
- P2 with outer edge spine of right exopodal segment 2 much larger than other spines in some species, especially in males. Marked asymmetry of P2, due to enlargement of this spine, occurs most notably in male B. spinifera, and to a lesser extent in male B. elongata, B . elegans, B. longicornis, B. similis ; P2 symmetrical in male B. minor
- P3 and P4 basis with an outer spine which is long on P3.
- Female P5 3-segmented, usually symmetrical, with an apical spine and usually 1 small external spine.
- Male P5 of 4-5 segments, in some species almost symmetrical, in others notably asymmetrical, the left leg sometimes with an inner plumose seta on basis. |
| | [1] Temorites brevis Sars, 1900 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [2] Temorites discoveryae Grice & Hulsemann, 1965 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [3] Temorites elegans (Sars, 1920) (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [4] Temorites elongata (Sars, 1905) (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [5] Temorites intermedia (Deevey, 1973) (F) [Figs] | |
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| | [6] Temorites kanaevae (Björnberg, 1976) (F) [Figs] | |
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| | [7] Temorites longicornis (Tanaka, 1965) (M) [Figs] | |
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| | [8] Temorites longiseta (Brodsky, 1950) (F) [Figs] | |
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| | [9] Temorites michelae (Deevey, 1979) (F) [Figs] | |
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| | [10] Temorites minor (Wolfenden, 1906) (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [11] Temorites regalis (Grice & Hülsemann, 1967) (M) [Figs] | |
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| | [12] Temorites sarsi (Grice & Hülsemann, 1965) (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [13] Temorites similis (Tanaka, 1965) (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [14] Temorites spinifera (A. Scott, 1909) (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [15] Temorites unispina (Deevey, 1979) (F) [Figs] | |
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| | [16] Temorites sp. (Wheeler, 1970) (F) [Figs] | |
| | | (3) Zenkevitchiella Brodsky, 1955 | |
| | Rem.: | Type: Zenkevitchiella abyssalis Brodsky, 1955. Total: 4 spp.
Diagnosis after Bradford-Grieve (1999 b, p.22): As in the family definition with the following additional characters :
- Head and 1st pedigerous segment fused or separate, 4th and 5th thoracic segments separate.
- Rostrum with 2 filaments.
- A1 23-segmented in female ; male right A1 geniculate, 18- or 19-segmented.
- A2 rami of equal length.
- Mx1 may have all lobes well developed or have inner lobes 2, 3 and endopod reduced.
- Mx2 with strong bent setae, not reduced on proximal lobes.
- Exopod of P1-P4 3-segmented.
- Endopod of P1 1- or 2-segmented.
- Endopod of P2-P4 3-segmented.
- Exopodal segments 1-3 of P1 with 1, 1, 2 outer edge spines resoectively.
- Basis of P3 and P4 with 1 outer edge spine.
- Female P5 biramous, endopods 1-segmented, exopod 2- or 3-segmented, with 1 inner distal spine on penultimate segment.
- Male P5 biramous, endopods 1- or 2-segmented or rudimentary, left exopod 1-segmented, right exopod 2- or 3-segmented. |
| | [1] Zenkevitchiella abyssalis Brodsky, 1955 (F) [Figs] | |
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| | [2] Zenkevitchiella atlantica Grice & Hulsemann, 1965 (F,M) [Figs] | |
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| | [3] Zenkevitchiella crassa Grice & Hulsemann, 1967 (M) [Figs] | |
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| | [4] Zenkevitchiella tridentae Wheeler, 1970 (F) [Figs] | |
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 Any use of this site for a publication will be mentioned with the following reference :
Razouls C., Desreumaux N., Kouwenberg J. and de Bovée F., 2005-2024. - Biodiversity of Marine Planktonic Copepods (morphology, geographical distribution and biological data). Sorbonne University, CNRS. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en [Accessed November 22, 2024] © copyright 2005-2024 Sorbonne University, CNRS
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