Species Card of Copepod
Calanoida ( Order )
    Calanoidea ( Superfamily )
        Paracalanidae ( Family )
            Calocalanus ( Genus )
Calocalanus contractus  Farran, 1926   (F,M)
Ref.:
Farran, 1926 (p.234, Descr.F, figs.F); Sewell, 1929 (p.89, figs.F, Rem.); Rose, 1933 a (p.77, figs.F); Farran, 1936 a (p.83); Farran & Vervoort, 1951 d (n°36, p.3, figs.F); Bernard, 1958 a (p.188, figs.F, ? M) 1960 (n°36, p.4, figs.F,M); Corral Estrada, 1970 (p.119, figs.F,M, Rem.); Razouls, 1972 (p.94, Annexe: p.24, figs.F,M); Corral, 1972 b (n°138, p.4, figs.F,M); Chen & Zhang, 1974 (p.109, figs.F,M); Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.626, figs.F,M); Bradford-Grieve, 1994 (p.53, figs.F,M); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.877, 909, figs.F,M); Avancini & al., 2006 (p.68, Pl. 37, figs.F,M, Rem.); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.927, figs.F,M, Rem.); Blanco-Bercial & al., 2014 (p.6, Rem.: problematical for barcoding)
Species Calocalanus contractus - Plate 1 of morphological figuresissued from : J. Corral Estrada in Tesis Doct., Univ. Madrid, A-129, Sec. Biologicas, 1970. [Lam.30].
Female (from Canarias Is.): 1, habitus (dorsal); 2, distal segments of A1; 3, P1; 4, P2; 5, P3; 6, P4; 7, P5.

Male: 8, habitus (dorsal); 9, posterior part cephalothorax and urosome (dorsal); 10, P5.


Species Calocalanus contractus - Plate 2 of morphological figuresissued from : R.B.S. Sewell in Mem. Indian Mus., 1929, X. [p.90, Fig.35].
Female (from S India): a, habitus (dorsal); b, Mxp; c, P4; d, P5.


Species Calocalanus contractus - Plate 3 of morphological figuresissued from : Q.-c. Chen & S.-z. Zhang in Studia Marina Sinica, 1974, 9. [Pl.5, Figs.55-61].
Female (from South China Sea): 55, habitus (dorsal); 56, abdomen (dorsal); 57, idem (other specimen); 58, P4; 59, P5.

Male: 60, habitus (dorsal); 61, P5.


Species Calocalanus contractus - Plate 4 of morphological figuresissued from : C. Razouls in Th. Doc. Etat Fac. Sc. Paris VI, 1972, Annexe. [Fig.27, B, F-I].
Female (from Banyuls, G. of Lion): B, urosome (dorsal); F and I, P5 (from two specimens); G, segments 1 and 2 of A1.


Species Calocalanus contractus - Plate 5 of morphological figuresissued from : G.P. Farran in Biscayan Plankton collected during a Cruise of H.M.S. 'Research', 1900.- Part XIV. The Copepoda. (Linn. Journ. Zoology, XXXVI, 1926). [p.303, Pl.5, Figs.1-4].
Female: 1-2, habitus (dorsal and lateral, respectively); 3, P5; 4, urosome (dorsal).


Species Calocalanus contractus - Plate 6 of morphological figuresIssued from : M. Bernard in Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1958, 83. [p.190, Fig.10].
Calocalanus contractus Female (from Algiers Bay, Algeria): Urosome (two aspects).


Species Calocalanus contractus - Plate 7 of morphological figuresIssued from : M. Bernard in Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1958, 83. [p.189, Fig.9].
Calocalanus contractus Female: P5.

Nota C.R.; probably a P5 male. Length (except setae): 100 µm.


Species Calocalanus contractus - Plate 8 of morphological figuresIssued from : M. Bernard in Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1958, 83. [p.190, Pl III, a]. With doubt.
Calocalanus contractus Male (from Algiers Bay, Algeria): habitus.
Length: 0.750 mm.

Compl. Ref.:
Sewell, 1948 (p.323, 418, 427, 442, 459, 468, 477); Grice & Hart, 1962 (p.287, 293: Rem.); De Decker, 1964 (p.15, 18, 28); De Decker & Mombeck, 1964 (p.11); Shmeleva, 1965 b (p.1350, lengths-volume -weight relation); Grice & Hulsemann, 1965 (p.223); Mazza, 1966 (p.69); 1967 (p.355: Rem.); Pavlova, 1966 (p.43); Grice & Hulsemann, 1967 (p.14); Fleminger, 1967 a (tabl.1); Delalo, 1968 (p.137); Park, 1970 (p.475); Deevey, 1971 (p.224); Apostolopoulou, 1972 (p.327, 340); Björnberg, 1973 (p.307, 384); Desgouille, 1973 (p.1, 131, Rem.: p.138); Corral Estrada & Pereiro Muñoz, 1974 (tab.I); Deevey & Brooks, 1977 (p.256, tab.2, Station "S"); Carter, 1977 (1978) (p.35); Dessier, 1979 (p.204); Vaissière & Séguin, 1980 (p.23, tab.1); Brenning, 1982 (p.6, spatial distribution, T-S diagram, Rem.); Kovalev & Schmeleva, 1982 (p.83); Vives, 1982 (p.290); De Decker, 1984 (p.315, 333: carte); Scotto di Carlo & al., 1984 (1042); Regner, 1985 (p.11, Rem.: p.25); Jansa, 1985 (p.108, Tabl.I, , II, III, IV, V); Brenning, 1985 a (p.28, Table 2); Greze & al., 1985 (p.7); Comaschi Scaramuzza, 1987 (tab.1); Lozano Soldevilla & al., 1988 (p.57); Oliveira Dias, 1995 (p.147); Shih & Young, 1995 (p.71); Siokou-Frangou, 1997 (tab.1); Hure & Krsinic, 1998 (p.100); Gilabert & Moreno, 1998 (tab.1, 2); Alvarez-Cadena & al., 1998 (tab.3,4); Suarez-Morales & Gasca, 1998 a (p108); Noda & al., 1998 (p.55, Table 3, occurrence); Harvey & al., 1999 (p.1, 49: Appendix 5, in ballast water vessel); Lopez-Salgado & al., 2000 (tab.1); Razouls & al., 2000 (p.343, Appendix); Sautour & al., 2000 (p.531, Table II, abundance); El-Sherif & Aboul Ezz, 2000 (p.61, Table 3: occurrence); Holmes, 2001 (p.38); Vukanic, 2003 (139, tab.1); Hsieh & al., 2004 (p.397, tab.1); Isari & al., 2006 (p.241, tab.II) ; Dias & Araujo, 2006 (p.59, Rem., chart); Valdés & al., 2007 (p.103: tab.1); Dur & al., 2007 (p.197, Table IV); Khelifi-Touhami & al., 2007 (p.327, Table 1); Cabal & al., 2008 (289, Table 1); Morales-Ramirez & Suarez-Morales, 2008 (p.518); Dias & al., 2010 (p.230, Table 1); Mazzocchi & Di Capua, 2010 (p.426); Medellin-Mora & Navas S., 2010 (p.265, Tab. 2); Isari & al., 2011 (p.51, Table 2, abundance vs distribution); Andersen N.G. & al., 2011 (p.71, Fig.3: abundance); Salah S. & al., 2012 (p.155, Tableau 1); Uysal & Shmeleva, 2012 (p.909, Table I); Aubry & al., 2012 (p.125, fig.8 a, interannual variation); Belmonte & al., 2013 (p.222, Table 2, abundance vs. stations); in CalCOFI regional list (MDO, Nov. 2013; M. Ohman, pers. comm.); Tseng & al., 2013 (p.507, seasonal abundance); Terbiyik Kurt & Polat, 2013 (p.1163, Table 2, seasonal distribution); Lidvanov & al., 2013 (p.290, Table 2, % composition); Bonecker & a., 2014 (p.445, Table II: frequency, horizontal & vertical distributions); Pansera & al., 2014 (p.221, Table 2, abundance); Mazzocchi & al., 2014 (p.64, Table 3, 4, 5, spatial & seasonal composition %); Zaafa & al., 2014 (p.67, Table I, occurrence); Dias & al., 2015 (p.483, Table 2, abundance, biomass, production); Zakaria & al., 2016 (p.1, Table 1); Benedetti & al., 2016 (p.159, Table I, fig.1, functional characters); Ben Ltaief & al., 2017 (p.1, Table III, Summer relative abundance); El Arraj & al., 2017 (p.272, table 2, spatial distribution); Marques-Rojas & Zoppi de Roa, 2017 (p.495, Table 1); Benedetti & al., 2018 (p.1, Fig.2: ecological functional group); Belmonte, 2018 (p.273, Table I: Italian zones)
NZ: 16

Distribution map of Calocalanus contractus by geographical zones
Species Calocalanus contractus - Distribution map 4issued from : A.A. Shmeleva in Bull. Inst. Oceanogr., Monaco, 1965, 65 (n°1351). [Table 6: 12 ]. Calocalanus contractus (from South Adriatic).
Dimensions, volume and Weight wet. Means for 50-60 specimens. Volume and weight calculated by geometrical method. Assumed that the specific gravity of the Copepod body is equal to 1, then the volume will correspond to the weight.
Species Calocalanus contractus - Distribution map 5issued from : U. Brenning in Wiss. Z. Wilhelm-Pieck-Univ. Rostock - 31. Jahrgang 1982. Mat.-nat. wiss. Reihe, 6. [p.5, Fig.7].
Spatial distribution for Calocalanus contractus, C. styliremis, C. pavo, C. tenuis from 8° S - 26° N; 16°- 20° W.
Species Calocalanus contractus - Distribution map 6issued from : U. Brenning in Wiss. Z. Wilhelm-Pieck-Univ. Rostock - 31. Jahrgang 1982. Mat.-nat. wiss. Reihe, 6. [p.6, Fig.10].
T-S diagram for Calocalanus contractus, and C. sryliremis (all copepodid stages) from 8° S - 26° N; 16°- 20° W, and Namibia.
SO: Southern Surface Water (S °/oo: 34,50; T°C: 29,0); ND: Northern Water of the Surface Layer (S °/oo: 37,5; T°C: 21,0); SD: Southern Deep Water of the surface layer (S °/oo: 35,33; T°C: 13,4). See commentary in Temora stylifera and Brenning (1985 a, p.6).
Loc:
sub-Antarct. (Indian), South Africa (E & W), Congo, Senegal-Mauritania, Morocco-Mauritania, Moroccan coast, Canary Is., off Madeira, Bay of Biscay, Ireland (S & W), Bay of Lübeck (in Falconetti & Seguin, 1977, p.188), Brazil ( Campos Basin, off Vitoria-Cabo de Sao Tomé, off Macaé, off Amazon, Caribbean Colombia, Bahia de Mochima (Venezuela), G. of Mexico, Cuba, Florida, Sargasso Sea, off Bermuda: Station "S" (32°10'N, 64°30'W), Cap Ghir, Ibero-moroccan Bay, off Gironde estuary, off W Tangier, Medit. (M'Diq, Alboran Sea, N Tunisia, Baleares, Banyuls G. of Lion, Marseille, Toulon Harbour, Ligurian Sea, Lake Faro, Tyrrhenian Sea, Strait of Messina, G. of Gabes, Tareanto, Adriatic Sea, Venise, Aegean Sea, Thracian Sea, W Egyptian coast, Iskenderun Bay, Lebanon Basin), Sharm El-Sheikh, Red Sea, Indian, China Seas (East China Sea, South China Sea), Taiwan (S, W, NE), S Japan (Kuchinoerabu Is.), Australia (Great Barrier, Shark Bay), E Pacif. (off Costa Rica) & SW, California, W Costa Rica, Chile
N: 98
Lg.:
(29) F: 0,566; (34) F: 0,84-0,66; (38) F: 0,78-0,75; (180) F: 0,76-0,68; M: 0,48; (202) F: 0,68-0,78; M: 0,48; (338) F: 0,8-0,6; M: 0,55-0,5; (786) F: 0,74; (1112) F: 0,6-0,91; {F: 0,566-0,910; M: 0,480-0,550}
Rem.: epi-mesopelagic. Sargasso Sea: 0-500 m.
After Benedetti & al. (2018, p.1, Fig.2) this species belonging to the functional group 4 corresponding to small filter feeding herbivorous and mixed feeding omnivorous (mostly broadcasters).
Last update : 25/10/2022
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