Species Card of Copepod
Calanoida ( Order )
    Diaptomoidea ( Superfamily )
        Pontellidae ( Family )
            Pontella ( Genus )
Pontella spinipes  Giesbrecht, 1889   (F,M)
Syn.: Pontella spiniceps : Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.606, 660, figs.F);
Non P. spinipes M : Wolfenden, 1906 (p.1020: M)
Ref.:
Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.462, 477, 774, figs.F); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.142, Rem. F); Wolfenden, 1905 (1906) (p.1020, Rem.F, non M); 1911 (p.361); Sewell, 1912 (p.354, 373, figs.M, Rem. F,M); 1932 (p.384); Wilson, 1932 a (p.152, figs.F); Voronina, 1962 a (p.68); Kasturirangan, 1963 (p.55, 56, figs.F,M); Owre & Foyo, 1967 (p.97, figs.F); Silas & Pillai, 1973 (1976) (p.777, 823, figs.F,M, Rem.); Pillai, 1975 (p.133, figs.M, Rem.); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.885, 960, figs.F); Mulyadi, 2000 (p.193, figs.M, Rem.); 2002 (p.109, figs.M, Rem.); Phukham, 2008 (p.90, figs.F); Mulyadi, 2011 (p.1523, figs.F,M)
Species Pontella spinipes - Plate 1 of morphological figuresissued from : H.B. Owre & M. Foyo in Fauna Caribaea, 1967, 1, Crustacea, 1: Copepoda. [p.97, Figs.694-695].
Female (from Florida Current): 694, habitus (dorsal); 695, P5.


Species Pontella spinipes - Plate 2 of morphological figuresIssued from : R.B.S. Sewell in Rec. Indian Mus., 1912, 7. [Pl.XXIV, Figs.1-4]
Male (from Bay of Bengal): 1, habitus (lateral right side); 2, right A1; 3, left P5; 4, right P5.

Nota: Head with side hooks. Rostral lens large and well-developed. The length of the abdomen and caudal rami contained nearly 3.5 times in that of the cephalothorax. Lef A1 24-segmented (11 th and 12 th segments partially fused) resembles that of the female. The grasping A1 resembles that of P. securifer; there are slight differences in the 18 th segment, which is shorter and has fewer teeth; the teeth are long and sharp and set fairly widely apart, diminishing gradually in size towards the distal end; the number varies from 25 to 30.; the toothed-plate is shorter than the segment itself; the distal segment of the knee-segments bears two toothed-plates, the proximal being the smaller and having from 8 to 11 arrow-shaped teeth; these two segments appear to vary very considerably in their relative proportions; in some the proximal is longer, while in others it is very shorter than the distal segment (proportions between 20-24 for the first and 19-22 for the second. The left P5 has a short terminal segment, bearing a stout curved spine and 2 more delicate processes at its distal extremity and a short spine on its external border, and the inner surface is covered with hair; The claw of the right P5 has the proximal segment with 3 teeth on its margin; the distal segment bears on its margin 3 rounded teeth.


Species Pontella spinipes - Plate 3 of morphological figuresIssued from : Mulyadi in The Raffles Bull. Zool., 2000, 48 (2). [p.193, Fig.13].
Male (from off Surabaya, E Java): a, habitus (dorsal); b, forehead (lateral); c, 5th metasomal somite and urosome (lateral right side); d, P5.
Nota: Dorsal and ventral lenses and rostral lenses well developed. Posterolateral ends of 5th metasomal somite produced into symmetrical lobes with inner flanges. Caudal ramus symmetrical and rather elongated.


Species Pontella spinipes - Plate 4 of morphological figuresissued from : E.G. Silas & P.P. Pillai in J. mar. biol. Ass. India, 1973 (1976), 15 (2). [p.824, Fig.22, a-b].
Female (from Indian Ocean): a, urosome (dorsal) .

Male: b, right A1.
Scale as in Calanopia minor.


Species Pontella spinipes - Plate 5 of morphological figuresissued from : E.G. Silas & P.P. Pillai in J. mar. biol. Ass. India, 1973 (1976), 15 (2). [p.823, Fig.21, a-k].
Female (from Indian Ocean): a, habitus (dorsal); b, P5.

Male: c, habitus (dorsal); d, P5; k, forehead (lateral).
Scale as in Calanopia minor.


Species Pontella spinipes - Plate 6 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.40, Fig.2].
Female: 2, habitus (dorsal).


Species Pontella spinipes - Plate 7 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.40, Figs.23, 24].
Female: 23, urosome (ventral); 24, idem (lateral).


Species Pontella spinipes - Plate 8 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.24, Fig.30].
Female: 30, P5 (posterior view).


Species Pontella spinipes - Plate 9 of morphological figuresissued from : N. Phukham in Species diversity of calanoid copepods in Thai waters, Andaman Sea (Master of Science, Univ. Bangkok). 2008. [p.173, Fig.47].
Female (from W Malay Peninsula): a, habitus (dorsal); b, urosome (dorsal); c, P5.

Body length after the drawing: F = 3.926 mm.


Species Pontella spinipes - Plate 10 of morphological figuresissued from : P.P. Pillai in J. mar. biol. Ass. India, 1975, 17 (2). [p.134, Fig.2, a-b].
Male (from Indian Ocean): a, P5; b, cephalon (lateral).
Scale bars: 0.3 mm.


Species Pontella spinipes - Plate 11 of morphological figuresIssued from : J.M. Bradford-Grieve, E.L. Markhaseva, C.E.F. Rocha & B. Abiahy in South Atlantic Zooplankton, edit. D. Boltovskoy. 1999, Vol. 2, Copepoda; [p.1072, Fig. 7.397: Pontella spinipes]. Ur = urosome.
Female characters (from key, p.959):
- Genital segment dorsal surface covered in irregular ridges and raised areas; left corner of prosome extends to posterior border of ge,ital segment.
- Caudal rami unequal, enlarged on right side.
- Urosome of 2 somites.

Compl. Ref.:
Sewell, 1948 (p.429, 431, 451, 460); Grice & Gibson, 1978 (p.23, tab.8); Vives, 1982 (p.294); Madhupratap & Haridas, 1986 (p.105, tab.1); Suarez & al., 1990 (tab.2); Suarez-Morales & Gasca, 1998 a (p.110, no Pacif E: lapsus calami ?) ; Medellin-Mora & Navas S., 2010 (p.265, Tab. 2); Jagadeesan & al., 2013 (p.27, Table 3, seasonal distribution)
NZ: 7

Distribution map of Pontella spinipes by geographical zones
Species Pontella spinipes - Distribution map 2issued from : P. Pillai in J. mar. biol. Ass. India, 1975, 17 (2). [p.141, Fig.6].
Occurrence of Pontella spinipes and Pontellopsis krämeri collected from 54 stations in the Indian Ocean (See in: Hand Book to the International Zooplankton Collections, volume I, 1969).
Loc:
Cape Verde Is., off Mauritania, off Amazon, Caribbean, Caribbean Colombia, G. of Mexico, Florida, Woods Hole, Arabian Sea, Arabian Gulf, Maldive & Laccadive Islands, Indian, Gulf of Mannar, Bay of Bengal, Andaman Sea, Burma, W Malay Peninsula (Andaman Sea), E Java (Sempu Island, off Surabaya, Lombok Is.), Bali Strait, N Celebes, Viet-Nam (Cauda Bay : in Rose, 1956; 1957), Pacif. (tropical)

Type locality: 14°N, 60°E.
N: 29
Lg.:
(45) F: 4,8; (46) F: 4,7; (81) M: 3,5-3,15; (334) F: 4,5; M: 4,4-3,2; (900) M: 3,10; (1087) M:3,65; (1115) F: 4,04-4,48; (1126) F: 3,95-3,98; M: 3,10-3,12; {F: 3,95-4,80; M: 3,10-4,40}
The body length female from Phukham (2008) is more small (3.926 mm)
Rem.: epiplagic. Neritic.
Sewell (1912) remarked the differences between the male of P. spinipes and P. securifer, and the relation between the size and the length of toothed plates on the fused segments 19-21. He concluded that in in the smaller specimens of P. spinipes, the distal plate of fused segment 19-21 longer than the proximal one.
Last update : 19/01/2016
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