Scaphocalanus medius - Species Card - Marine Planktonic Copepods

Scaphocalanus medius Sars, 1907 (F,M)

Taxonomy

Order Calanoida

details

Superfamily Clausocalanoidea

details

Family Scolecitrichidae

details

Genus Scaphocalanus

details list species for this Genus

Abbreviations or symbols

Synonymy

Amallophora media Sars, 1907 a (p.16);
? Scolecithrix gracilipes Farran, 1908 b (p.52, figs.F, Rem.);
Scaphocalanus major : Park, 1970 (p.476, 503, figs.F); ? Roe, 1972 (p.309);

References

List of the studied authors

Sars, 1925 (p.173, figs.F); Rose, 1933 a (p.149, figs.F); Sewell, 1929 (p.208, Rem.); ? Wilson, 1942 a (p.207, fig.F); Lysholm & al., 1945 (p.28); C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.328, figs.F,M, Rem.); ? Brodsky, 1950 (1967) (p.251, Descr.M, figs.F,M, Rem.)Vaupel-Klein, 1970 (p.4, 19); Bradford, 1973 (p.143), Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.639, figs.F); Park, 1982 (p.77, 110, figs.F, Rem.); Bradford & al., 1983 (p.93, 101); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.763, figs.F,M, Rem.)

Figures

Plate 1 issued from T. Park in Biology of the Antarctic Seas XI, Antarct. Res. Ser, 1982, 34. [p.111, Fig.21].
Female: a, forehead (lateral); b, last thoracic segment and urosome (lateral left side); c, genital segment (lateral); d, P1 (anterior); e, P2 (posterior); f, P3 (posterior); g, P5 (posterior); h, distal part of inner spine of P5.
Nota: Urosome about 29/100 length of prosome. All cephalosomal pappendages seem similar to those of S. major. The species differs from S. major by anterior surface spinulation of P1.

Species Scaphocalanus medius - Plate 2 of morphological figures

Plate 2 Issued from : T. S. Park in Bull. Mar. Sc., 1970, 20 (2). [p.506, Figs.147-153]. As Scaphocalanus major.
Female (from Caribbean Sea & G. of Mexico): 147, habitus (lateral right side); 148, rostrum (anterior view); 149, P1 (anterior); 150, P2 (posterior); 151, P3 (posterior); 152, P4 (posterior); 153, P5.
Nota: prosome a little more than 3 times length of urosome. P5 2-segmented, the external spine small and often absent.

Species Scaphocalanus medius - Plate 3 of morphological figures

Plate 3 Issued from : G.O. Sars in Résult. Camp. Scient. Prince Albert I, 69, pls.1-127 (1924). [Pl.XLIX, figs.1-8].
Female: 1, habitus (dorsal); 2, idem (lateral left side); 3, rostrum; 4, P1; 5, P2; 6, endopodal segments of P3; 7, endopodal segments of P4; 8, P5.

Species Scaphocalanus medius - Plate 4 of morphological figures

Plate 4 Issued from : K.A. Brodskii in Calanoida of the Far Eastern Seas and Polar Basin of the USSR. Opred. Fauna SSSR, 1950, 35 (Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1967) [p.251, Fig.158]. With doubt.
Female (from NW Pacif.): habitus (dorsal and lateral right side); S5, P5.

Male: habitus (dorsal; S5, P5.
Nota: Pacific specimens are larger than the Atlantic ones; they also differ in the length ratio of the inner bristle of P5 in female.

Species Scaphocalanus medius - Plate 5 of morphological figures

Plate 5 issued from : C.B. Wilson in Scientific Results of Cruise VII of the Carnegie during 1928-1929. Biology-I. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 536, 1942. [p.233, Fig.136]. With doubt.
Female (from SE Pacific): 136, P5.
Nota: Head without crest. The structure of P5 is quite different from that in the other authors.

Complementary References

List of the studied authors

Sewell, 1948 (p.349, 502, 521, 546, 566); Fagetti, 1962 (p.24); Grice, 1963 a (p.495); Unterüberbacher, 1964 (p.24); De Decker & Mombeck, 1964 (p.14); Grice & Hulsemann, 1965 (p.224); Fleminger, 1967 a (tabl.1); Carter, 1977 (1978) (p.35); Deevey & Brooks, 1977 (p.256, Table 2, station "S"); Vives, 1982 (p.292); Lozano Soldevilla & al., 1988 (p.59); Lapernat, 2000 (tabl.3, 4); Razouls & al., 2000 (p.343, Appendix); Yamaguchi & al., 2002 (p.1007, tab.1); Sameoto & al., 2002 (p.13); Somoue & al., 2005 (Table I: p.68); Ikeda & al., 2006 (p.1791,Table 2); Gaard & al., 2008 (p.59, Table 1, N Mid-Atlantic Ridge); Park & Ferrari, 2009 (p.143, Table 5, Appendix 1, biogeography); C.E. Morales & al., 2010 (p.158, Table 1); Homma & Yamaguchi, 2010 (p.965, Table 2); Homma & al., 2011 (p.29, Table 2, 3, abundance, feeding pattern: detritivores); Lidvanov & al., 2013 (p.290, Table 2, % composition); El Arraj & al., 2017 (p.272, table 2);

Distribution

NZ: 14

Distribution map of Scaphocalanus medius by geographical zones

Distribution map of Scaphocalanus medius for the Zone Indian Ocean

Distribution map of Scaphocalanus medius and for the Zone Sub-Antarctic

Additional Maps & Charts

Species Scaphocalanus medius - Distribution map 4

Map 4 Chart of 1996

Localisations

Geographical glossary

sub-Antarct. (Indien, SW & SE Pacif.), South Africa (E), Namibia, off NW Cape Verde Is., off Morocco-Mauritania, Canary Is., off Madeira, Brazil, off SW Azores, Caribbean, G. of Mexico, Sargasso Sea, off Bermuda: Station ‘’ S’’ (32°10’N, 64°30’W), off E Nova Scotia, off E Newfoundland, S Iceland, ? W Ireland, Indian (off S Laccadive Is., Natal), Philippines, Japan, Pacif. (NW & NE), Bering Sea (Aleutian Basin), S Aleutian Is., Station Knot, Station "P", California, off Galapagos, Peru, off Chile, Concepcion

Quotations

N: 30

Dimensions (mm)

References of the authors concerning dimensions

(1) F: 2,4; (22) ? F: 3,1; M: 2,7; (76) F: 2,56-2,28; (88) F: 2,4-2,1; (137) F: 2,4-2; M: 1,82; (205) ? F: 3,1-2,9; (432) F: 2,55-2,4; {F: 2,00-2,56; M: 1,82}

Remarks

Bathypelagic.
Sampling depth (sub-Antarct.) : 0-2000 m. Sargasso Sea: 1000-1500 m (Deevey & Brooks, 1977, station "S");
Sometimes confused with Scaphocalanus major, as yet they are not synonymous. According to Vervoort (1965, p. 63) the described form under this designation by Brodsky, 1950 (1967) is a synonym of S. major. The geographical distribution remains uncertain.

Last update : 25/10/2022

Contributor Remarks

to add your remark