Euchirella rostrata - Species Card - Marine Planktonic Copepods

Euchirella rostrata Claus, 1866 (F,M)

Taxonomy

Order Calanoida

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Superfamily Clausocalanoidea

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Family Aetideidae

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Genus Euchirella

details list species for this Genus

Abbreviations or symbols

Synonymy

Undina rostrata Claus, 1866 (p.11);
? Euchaeta hessei Brady, 1883 (p.63)

References

List of the studied authors

Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.232, 245, figs.F); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.36); Cleve, 1901 c (p.4, figs.M); Thompson & Scott, 1903 (p.233, 244); Esterly, 1905 (p.152, figs.F, Rem.F,M); Farran, 1908 b (p.38); Esterly, 1911 (p.321, figs.M); Wolfenden, 1911 (p.235); With, 1915 (p.113, figs.F,M); Lysholm & Nordgaard, 1921 (p.15); Sars, 1925 (p.69, figs.F,M); Farran, 1926 (p.251: juv.); 1929 (p.208, 234); Campbell, 1929 (p.312, Rem.); Sewell, 1929 (p.107, 109: Rem.); Rose, 1929 (p.20); Wilson, 1932 a (p.55, figs.F,M); Rose, 1933 a (p.p.104, figs.F,M); Jespersen, 1934 (p.64); Jespersen, 1940 (p.23, fig.4); Lysholm & al., 1945 (p.17); Davis, 1949 (p.30, figs.F, Rem.F,M); Brodsky, 1950 (1967) (p.174, figs.F,M); Vervoort, 1952 f (n°47, p.3, figs.F,M); Tanaka, 1957 b (p.177, figs.F,M); Vervoort, 1957 (p.63, Rem.); Björnberg, 1963 (p.37); Paiva, 1963 (p.35, fig.F); Vervoort, 1963 b (p.149); Gaudy, 1963 (p.22); Owre & Foyo, 1967 (p.48, figs.F,M); Mazza, 1967 (p.128, 139, figs. juv., F,M); Park, 1968 (p.551); Tanaka & Omori, 1969 (p.56); Ramirez, 1969 (p.59, figs.F, Rem.); Bradford, 1970 a (p.354, fig.M); Shih & al., 1971 (p.32, 143); Kos, 1972 (Vol. I, figs.F, M, Rem.); Vaupel Klein, 1972 (p.502, 505, fig.F); Bradford, 1972 (p.38, figs.F); Razouls, 1972 (p.94, Annexe: p.45, figs.F,M); Park, 1976 a (p.117, figs.F,M); 1978 (p.147, figs.F); Séret, 1979 (p.77, 84, figs.F); Bradford & Jillett, 1980 (p.39, figs.F,M, fig. 73, distribution chart); Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.605, 632, figs.F); Gardner & Szabo, 1982 (p.240, figs.F,M); Vaupel Klein, 1984 a (p.44, figs.F, Table II: characters); Markhaseva, 1996 (p.167, figs.F,M); Chihara & Murano, 1997 (p.686, Pl.36,40: F,M); Vaupel Klein, 1998 a (p.386: Table 2, fig.F, fig.5); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.879, 921, figs.F,M); G. Harding, 2004 (p.56, figs.F,M); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.569, figs.F,M, Rem.)

Figures

Plate 1 issued from : O. Tanaka in Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab., 1957, 6 (2). [Fig.44, p.177].
Female (from Izu region): habitus (dorsal aspect); b, head (lateral aspect); c, last thoracic segment and urosome (lateral aspect); d, exopodite and endopodite and lobes of Mx1; e, P1; f, first basal joint (= coxa) of P4.

Male: g, P5.

Nota Female:
- Cephalothorax about 4.58 times the length of abdomen (2.95 : 0.63)
- Rostrum long and pointed
- Abdomen 4-segmented; segments and caudal rami in the proportional lengths 43 : 16 : 14 : 5 : 19 = 100.
- Genital segment with a small ventral process.
- Caudal rami about as long as wide.
- A1 23-segmented, extends to distal end of 3rd andominal segment; 2nd segment much shorter yjan segments 8-9.
- A2 exopod 2 times as lo,g as endopod.
- Mx1 with 3 setae on 2nd inner lobe; 2 setae and a conical process on 3rd inner lobe; 9 setae on outer lobe; 10 setae on exopod; 4 setae on endopod; 2setae on 2nd basal segment.
- P4 with a triangular lamellous plates on coxa.

Nota Male: Cephalothorax about 4 times the length of abdomen (2.38 : 0.68).
- Head incompletely separates from the 1st pedigerous segment.
- Abdomen 5-segmented; segments and caudal ramiin the proportional lengths 26 : 20 : 17 : 13 : 7 : 17 = 100.
- Caudal rami about as long as wide.
- ,A1 extends to distal end of 4th abdominal segment; segments 9-10 and 12-13 partially fused.
- A2 endopod about 3/4 times as long as exopod; setae on basis well developed.
- right P5 does not form a complete prehensile organ; left leg well developed.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 2 of morphological figures

Plate 2 issued from : T. Park in Antarctic Res. Ser. Washington, 1978, 27. [p.148, Fig.29].
Female: A, habitus (left lateral side); B, forehead (left lateral); C, posterior part of metasome and urosome (dorsal view); D, genital segment (ventral view); E, posterior part of metasome and urosome (left lateral); F, A2; G, Mx1; H, P1; I, P2; J, P4; K, medial part of coxa of P4 (posterior view); P1-P4: legs (anterior view).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 3 of morphological figures

Plate 3 issued from : E.L. Markhaseva in Proc. Zool. Inst. RAN, St. Petersburg, 1996, 268. [p.168, Fig.129].
Female (specimen from NW Pacif.); Male (specimen from N Atlant.). Ce: forehead (lateral); CP4: coxopod of P4.

Nota: Mx1 gnathobase with 4 setae on posterior surface; 2nd and 3rd internal lobes with 3 (2 long and 1 short) and 2 setae respectively; protopodite near endopod base with 3 setae; exopod with 10 (after Park, 1978, with 10-11) setae; external lobe with 9 setae.
P4 coxopodite with 7-9 denticles (9 after Von Vaupel Klein, 1984).

Plate 4 issued from : T. Park in Contr. Mar. Sci., 1976, 20. [p.117, Fig.8].
Female: a, forehead (lateral); b, c, posterior part of metasome and urosome (lateral, dorsal, respectively): d, genital segment (ventral); e, A2; f, medial side of coxa of fourth leg (posterior).
Male: g, forehead (lateral); h, fifth pair of legs (anterior); i, distal part of exopod of left fifth leg (anterior); j, idem (posterior).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 5 of morphological figures

Plate 5 issued from : J.M. Bradford & J.B. Jillett in Mem. N.Z. Oceanogr. Inst., 86, 1980. [p.12, Fig.3].
Female: A, habitus (ventral); B, idem (lateral right side); C, urosome (lateral right side); D, A1; E, A2; F, Md (mandibular palp); G, Mx1; H, Mx2; I, Mxp; J, P1; K, P2; L, P3; M, M, P4; N, inner part of basipod 1 of P4.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 6 of morphological figures

Plate 6 issued from : J.M. Bradford & J.B. Jillett in Mem. N.Z. Oceanogr. Inst., 86, 1980. [p.13, Fig.4].
Male: A, habitus (dorsal); B, idem (lateral right side); C, A1; D, A2; E, Md (mandibular palp); F, Mx1; G, Mxp; H, P1; I, P2; J, P3; K, P4; L, P5; M, terminal part of left P5 exopod.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 7 of morphological figures

Plate 7 issued from : J.M. Bradford in N.Z. Jl Mar. Freshw. Res., 1970, 4 (4). [p.354, Fig. 17].
male (off Kaikoura, New Zealand): 17, P5.
Scale bar represents 0.1 mm.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 8 of morphological figures

Plate 8 issued from : F.C. Ramirez in Contr. Inst. Biol. mar., Buenos Aires, 1969, 98. [p.60, Lam. X, figs.66, 67, 69, 70, 72, 74 ].
Female (from off Mar del Plata): 66, urosome (dorsal); 67, idem (lateral left side); 69, forehead (lateral); 70, idem (lateral); 72, P4 (detail of basipodite 1); 74, A2
Scale bars in mm: 0.4 (66, 67); 0.2 (69); 0.5 (70); 0.3 (74).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 9 of morphological figures

Plate 9 Issued from : G.O. Sars in Résult. Camp. Scient. Prince Albert I, 69, pls.1-127 (1924). [Pl.XX, figs.8-15].
Female: 8, habitus (dorsal); 9, idem (lateral left side); 10, forehead (lateral); 11, basipodal segment of P4; 12, denticulate edge of 1st basipodal segment of P4 (enlarged).

Male: 13, habitus (dorsal); 14, idem (lateral left side); 15, P5.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 10 of morphological figures

Plate 10 issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, Supplt 9, Studies on Copepoda, III, 1984. [p.75, Fig.13, k].
Female: k, arrangement of spinules on the proximal part of the medial face of basipodite 2 of Mxp (right appendage in medial view).
Nota: 23 stout, cone-shaped spinules in a partlly single, partly double row.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 11 of morphological figures

Plate 11 issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, Supplt 9, Studies on Copepoda, III, 1984. [p.74, Fig.12, b].
Female: b, setal armature of exopod of Mx1 (left one in posterior aspect; all setae are plumose).
Nota: 10 setae-condition (see E. formosa p.74, fig.12 a).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 12 of morphological figures

Plate 12 issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, Supplt 9, Studies on Copepoda, III, 1984. [p.63, Fig.5, b].
Female: b, condition of the distal small seta on A1 segment 5.
Nota: modified, type II seta, with wide, flattened distal part. (see Pseudochirella obesa p.63, fig.5,a)
Scale bar 0.05 mm.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 13 of morphological figures

Plate 13 issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, Supplt 9, Studies on Copepoda, III, 1984. [p.63, Fig.5, f, h].
Female: f, setal armature of A1 segment 10 (note: normal type I small seta present in proximal position); h, setal armature of basipodite 2 of A2 (note: 2 setae, at least one of which is long).
Scale bars: r = 0.1 mm for f; s = 0.2 mm for h.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 14 of morphological figures

Plate 14 issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, Supplt 9, Studies on Copepoda, III, 1984. [p.84, Fig.18, e].
Female: a, number and structure of spines among the lateral margin of exopodal segments 1, 2 and 3 of P1 (left appendage, posteriotr view) (note: the spine on former exopodal segment 2 is flat and leaf-shaped).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 15 of morphological figures

Plate 15 issued from : C.O. Esterly in Univ. Calif. Publs Zool., 1911, 6 (14). [Pl.29, Fig.52].
Male (from San Diego Region): 52, forehead (lateral).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 16 of morphological figures

Plate 16 issued from : C.O. Esterly in Univ. Calif. Publs Zool., 1911, 6 (14). [Pl.30, Fig.66].
Male: 66, tip of left P5.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 17 of morphological figures

Plate 17 issued from : C.O. Esterly in Univ. Calif. Publs Zool., 1911, 6 (14). [Pl.32, Fig.116].
Male: P5 (left leg is at the left).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 18 of morphological figures

Plate 18 issued from : C.O. Esterly in Univ. Calif. Publs Zool., 1905, 2 (4). [p153., Fig.19].
Female (from San Diego Region): a, habitus (lateral); b, P4 (b1 = 1st basal segment, showing lamellar processes).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 19 of morphological figures

Plate 19 issued from : C. Razouls in Th. Doc. Etat Fac. Sc. Paris VI, 1972, Annexe. [Fig.44, A-D, F].
Female (from Banyuls, G. of Lion): A, forehead (lateral); D, basipodal segment 1 of P4, D', detail of inner margin od basipodal segment 1 (enlarged); F, urosome (lateral).

Male: B, P5; C, forehead (lateral).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 20 of morphological figures

Plate 20 issued from : C.C. Davis in Univ. Wash. Publs Biol., 1949, 14. [Pl.3, Figs.33-37].
Female (from NE Pacific): 33, forehead (lateral); 34, basipod of P4; 35, spines on inner border of 1st basal segment of P4; 36, A2; 37, 2nd endopodal segment of A2.

Nota : Forehead without crest. Rostrum very prominent. A1 reaching to the anal segment. Endopod of A2 about ½ the length of the exopod ; terminal segment of endopod with 14 setae (8 + 6). Urosome symmetrical ; genital segment as long as the other three urosomal segments combined. Caudal rami as wide as long and divergent, with tufts of hair on the inner margins. Basal segment of P4 with a row of 6 to 7 flat, triangular spines on the inner border.

Plate 21 issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Zool. Verh. Leiden, 1998, 323. [p.387, Fig.2].
Measurements taken from maxilliped: Ba1 = length of basipodal segment 1; Ba2 = length of Ba2; S = length of the longest seta of the only ramus (endopodite).
measurements used to compare with other species (tables 1 and 2) in view of the speciation (see discussion after Von Vaupel Klein (1998, pp.389-397) in the genus Euchirella.

Plate 22 issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Zool. Verh. Leiden, 1998, 323. [p.386, Table 2].
Dimensions of adult females of E. rostrata, E. rostromagna, and E. latirostris, presumably relevant in the separation of niches.
1/ See Material and methods (Von Vaupel Klein, 1998, pp.385-385); 2/ Present collections: 2.7-3.85 mm; 3/ Present collections: 5.3-6.2 mm; 4/ Present collections: 5.4-6.2 mm; 5/ Of E. rostrata vs the average of the two larger spp.; 6/ Of E. rostromagna vs E. latirostris; 7/ From Von Vaupel Klein 1984, p.93); 8/ Of E. rostrata vs E. rostromagna and of E. rostrata vs E. latirostris, respectively.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 23 of morphological figures

Plate 23 issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, Supplt 9, Studies on Copepoda, III, 1984. [p.80, Fig.16, p].
Female: p, arrangement of medial spines on the posterior face of basal segment 1 of left P4 .
Scale bar 0.067 mm.
Nota: flat, leaf-shaped, decreasing spines, separately inserted.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 24 of morphological figures

Plate 24 issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, Supplt 9, Studies on Copepoda, III, 1984. [p.69, Fig.9, a, i].
Female: a, setal armature on the posterior face of the 1st inner lobe of basipodal segment 1 of left Mx1 (4 setae, numbered 1 to 4 in a proximal to distal order to compare other species).; i, complement of terminal setae on the 2nd inner lobe of basipodal segment 1 of right Mx1 (details of right appendages in anterior view; to the posterior side 2 relatively stout setae are always present, which are combined bipectinate and spinulose; with only 1 anterior seta present which is feebly developed, and sparsely spinulose only - according to its position, this seta is tentatively referred to as the distal one).
Scale bars: 0.1 mm (a); 0.2 mm (i).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 25 of morphological figures

Plate 25 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.36, Fig.23].
Female: 23, forehead (lateral).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 26 of morphological figures

Plate 26 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.15, Figs.7, 8].
Female: 7, A1 (distal segments); 8, A1 (proximal segments; ventral view).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 27 of morphological figures

Plate 27 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.15, Fig.6].
Female: A2 (posterior view).

Plate 28 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.15, Figs.4, 5].
Female: 4, Md (mandibular palp; posterior view); 5, Md (cutting egge of the gnathobase).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 29 of morphological figures

Plate 29 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.15, Fig.28].
Female: 28, Mx1 (anterior view).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 30 of morphological figures

Plate 30 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.15, Figs.9, 10].
Female: 9, Mx2 (posterior view); 10, Mxp.
B1 (posterior view); rest (anterior view).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 31 of morphological figures

Plate 31 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.15, Figs.11, 27].
Female: 11, P1 (anterior view); 27, P4 (posterior view).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 32 of morphological figures

Plate 32 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.36, Figs.16-17].
Female: 16, Urosome ventral); 17, same (lateral).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 33 of morphological figures

Plate 33 Issued from : G.S. Brady in Rep. Scient. Results Voy. Challenger, Zool., 1883, 8 (23). [Pl.XXIII, Figs.11-14]. With doubt as Euchaeta hessei.
Female: 11, P1; 12, P2; 13, P4; 14, urosome with attached spermatophores.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 34 of morphological figures

Plate 34 issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, Supplt 9, Studies on Copepoda, III, 1984. [p.65, Fig.6 b].
Euchirella rostrata: a, Setal armature of endopodte 2+3 of A2. Conditions are expressed are expressed in formulae as follows: number of setae in regular row on proximal lobe / relative development of seta in position no. 9 on this lobe / number of setae in approximately linear row on terminal lobe / relative development of appendicular seta no. 7 and its supporting pedestral (absent, vestigial, moderate or well developed: see Table I, p.87 and Table II, p.93).
upper and lower lobes = proximal and terminal lobes (details of right appendage shown in medial aspect).
Scale bar = 0.133 mm.

Nota: Condition 8/1/6/2 in the rostrata-group.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 35 of morphological figures

Plate 35 Issued from : J.C. von Vaupel-Klein in Zool. Meded., Leiden, 19972, 47 (41). [p.511, Fig.5, a].
Female (from 37°05'N, 160°08'E): a, endopodite of right P1 (anterior view).

Nota: 'organ of Vaupel Klein' (see explanation to Euchirella curticauda.)

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 36 of morphological figures

Plate 36 issued from : G. Harding in Key to the adullt pelagic calanoid copepods found over the continental shelf of the Canadian Atlantic coast. Bedford Inst. Oceanogr., Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, 2004. [p.56].
Female & Male.

Nota: Forehead broadly rounded, without crest.

Plate 37 Euchirella rostrata female:
1 - Genital segment symmetrical.
2 - Crest absent. Rostrum not rudimentary.
3 - Md palp base without chitinous projection. Coxopodite of P4 with 8-9 clearly recognizable spines. Endopodal segment 2 of A2 with 6 setae on external and 8 setae on internal lobes. Rostrum large.

Plate 38 Euchirella rostrata male:
1 - P5 always biramous. Endopod of left P5 well developed, nearly as long as exopodal segment 1. Exopodal segment 2 and endopod of right P5 are not elongated and not sharpened into their distal parts; do not form tongs. Endopod of right P5 not exceeding distal border of exopodal segment 1.
2 - Crest absent. Rostrum large.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 39 of morphological figures

Plate 39 Issued from : M. Sano, K. Maki, Y. Nishibe, T. Nagata & S. Nishida in Progr. Oceanogr., 2013, 110. [p.19, Figs. 8 b, 9 b].
Second maxilla (Mx2) and maxilliped (Mxp) of Euchirella rostrata from Sagami Bay (Japan) in April 2009.
Scale bars: Mx2 = 100µm, Mxp = 200 µm.

Compare appendage structure and setal armement with Chirundina streetsii, Undeuchaeta major, Pleuromamma xiphia, Scaphocalanus echinatus, Scottocalanus helenae, Scottocalanus securifrons, Spinocalanus magnus and calanus sinicus for interpreted particles catching.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 40 of morphological figures

Plate 40 Issued from : C. Séret inThesis 3ème Cycle UPMC, Paris VI, 1979. [Pl. XII, Figs.74-76].
Female (from off Kerguelen Is.): 74-75, habitus (dorsal and lateral, respectively); 76, coxa of P4.

Plate 41 Issued from : C. Séret inThesis 3ème Cycle UPMC, Paris VI, 1979. [p. 84, Tableau VIII].
Female: Comparison of any characters of E. rostrata Giesbrecht (1892), Euchirella rostromagna Vervoort (1951) and samples from ''MD03 Expedition'' around Kerguelen Islands.

Plate 42 issued from : O. Tanaka in Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab., 1957, 6 (2). [p.178].
Female P2 to P4: number of teeth on terminal spine of exopodite.

Plate 43 Issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, Supplt 9, Studies on Copepoda, III, 1984. [p.70, Fig.10, a].
Euchirella rostrata: Structure and setal complement on the outer lobe of basis 1 of Mx1 (detail of left appendage in posterior aspect). Regular row of 9 setae, consecutively increasing and next deacreasing in length.

Plate 44 Issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, Supplt 9, Studies on Copepoda, III, 1984. [p.72, Fig.11, e].
Euchirella rostrata. Structure of Mx1, terminal configuration of setae plus the 'blunt tooth (= tubular pore) on the endite of basis (Ba2) (plumosity and/or spinules on setae, as well as hairs on lobe, omitted, right appendage in anterior view). Showing the usual Euchirella complement of, from anterior to posterior: short proximal seta (p), long central seta (c), blunt tooth (dotted outline) and shortest, distal seta (d). Contrary to E. curticauda with 2 equally developed setae, one of which probably corresponds to the central seta (c), while the other is tentatively referred to as the distal one ( (d) in E. rostrata.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 45 of morphological figures

Plate 45 Issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, Supplt 9, Studies on Copepoda, III, 1984. [p.70, Fig.11, i].
Euchirella rostrata: Setal armature of the endopod of Mx1 (detail of left appendage in posterior aspect; setules/spinules omitted). 3-setae condition (compare with E. formosa Fig.11, i; and E. truncata Fig.11, J).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 46 of morphological figures

Plate 46 Issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, (Supplement) 9, 1984. [p.93, Table II].
Euchirella rostrata Female: Datamatrix stating observed states of characters from Table I (p.87-90) presently examined; nos. refer to the input nos. used in Table I (see to the family Aetideidae).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 47 of morphological figures

Plate 47 Issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, (Supplement) 9, 1984. [p.94, Table II (cont' d) ].
Euchirella rostrata Female: Datamatrix stating observed states of characters from Table I (p.87-90) presently examined; nos. refer to the input nos. used in Table I (see to the family Aetideidae).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Plate 48 of morphological figures

Plate 48 Issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Crustaceana, (Supplement) 9, 1984. [p.95, Table II (cont' d) ].
Euchirella rostrata Female: Datamatrix stating observed states of characters from Table I (p.87-90) presently examined; nos. refer to the input nos. used in Table I (see to the family Aetideidae).

Complementary References

List of the studied authors

Pearson, 1906 (p.15); Rose, 1924 (p.4, 6), 1925 (p.152); Hardy & Gunther, 1935 (1936) (p.159, Rem.); Jespersen, 1939 (p.49, Rem.); Massuti Alzamora, 1942 (p.90); Wilson, 1942 a (p.186); Sewell, 1948 (p.348, 500, 508, 526, 545, 556, 566, 568); C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.226); Østvedt, 1955 (p.15: Table 3, p.63); Yamazi, 1958 (p.148, Rem.); Conover, 1960 (p.399, Table I, respiratory rate); Fagetti, 1962 (p.20); Marshall & Orr, 1962 (tab.3); Grice & Hart, 1962 (p.287, 295: Rem.); Gaudy, 1962 (p.93, 99, Rem.: p.106); V.N. Greze, 1963 a (tabl.2); Grice, 1963 a (p.495); Gaudy, 1963 (p.22, Rem.); Björnberg, 1963 (p.37, Rem.); Unterüberbacher, 1964 (p.22); De Decker & Mombeck, 1964 (p.12); Mazza, 1966 (p.70); 1967 (p.355: Rem.); Furuhashi, 1966 a (p.295, vertical distribution in Oyashio/Kuroshio transitional area, Table 7, 10); Fleminger, 1967 a (tabl.1); De Decker, 1968 (p.45); Evans, 1968 (p.13); Morris, 1970 (p.2300); Dowidar & El-Maghraby, 1970 (p.268); Itoh, 1970 a (p.8: tab. 2); Park, 1970 (p.475); Deevey, 1971 (p.224); Lee & al., 1971 (p.1150); Nival & al., 1972 (p.63, respiration); Razouls S., 1972 b (p.1, respiration); Boucher & Thiriot, 1972 (p.47, Tableau 4); Ibanez & Seguin, 1972 (p.81, annual cycle, multivarite analysis); Apostolopoulou, 1972 (p.327, 347); Björnberg, 1973 (p.324, 386); Nival & al., 1973 (p.123, respiration); Razouls S., 1974 (147, oxygen rate); de Bovée, 1974 (p.109, 124); Vives & al., 1975 (tab.II, III); Deevey & Brooks, 1977 (p.256, tab.2, Station "S"); Carter, 1977 (1978) (p.35); Arashkevich, 1978 (p.118, Table: diets, as robusta ?); Dessier, 1979 (p.204); Pipe & Coombs, 1980 (p.223, Table II, vertical occurrence); Herman & Mitchell, 1981 (p.739, Table 1, 3, length-volume); Vives, 1982 (p.291); Kovalev & Schmeleva, 1982 (p.83); Brenning, 1983 (p.3, 5, spatial distribution, T-S diagram, Rem.); De Decker, 1984 (p.316, 350: chart); Roe, 1984 (p.357); Tremblay & Anderson, 1984 (p.3); Sameoto, 1984 (p.767, vertical migration); Scotto di Carlo & al., 1984 (p.1043); Boucher, 1984 (p.469, spatial distribution/hydrological front); Bamstedt & Tande, 1985 (p.259, Table 2: literature data respiration & excretion); Petipa & Borichenko, 1985 (tab.1); Brenning, 1985 a (p.24, Table 2); Ibanez & Boucher, 1987 (p.205, Tableau, fig.7, hydrological fronts); Lozano Soldevilla & al., 1988 (p.58); Madhupratap & Haridas, 1990 (p.305, fig.5: vertical distribution night/day; fig.7: cluster); Pancucci-Papadopoulou & al., 1990 (p.199); Suarez & Gasca, 1991 (tab.2); Samba Diouf, 1991 (p.103, tableau 1); Suarez, 1992 (App.1); Seguin & al., 1993 (p.23); Hays & al., 1994 (tab.1); Kouwenberg, 1994 (tab.1); Hure & Krsinic, 1998 (p.101); Mauchline, 1998 (tab.26, 30, 63, 65); Gilabert & Moreno, 1998 (tab.1, 2); Suarez-Morales & Gasca, 1998 a (p108); Voronina & Kolosova, 1999 (p.71); Onishchik, 1999 (p.76); Lapernat, 2000 (tabl. 3, 4); Razouls & al., 2000 (p.343, Appendix); d'Elbée, 2001(tabl. 1); Holmes, 2001 (p.48); Sameoto & al., 2002 (p.12); Beaugrand & al., 2002 (p.1692); Beaugrand & al., 2002 (p.179, figs.5, 6); Yamaguchi & al., 2002 (p.1007, tab.1); Vukanic, 2003 (139, tab.1); CPR, 2004 (p.54, fig.156); Zervoudaki & al., 2006 (p.149, Table I); Ikeda & al., 2006 (p.1791, Table 2); Hooff & Peterson, 2006 (p.2610); Khelifi-Touhami & al., 2007 (p.327, Table 1);Valdés & al., 2007 (p.103: tab.1); Cabal & al., 2008 (289, Table 1); Neumann-Leitao & al., 2008 (p.799: Tab.II, fig.6); Morales-Ramirez & Suarez-Morales, 2008 (p.513); Fernandes, 2008 (p.465, Tabl.2); Gaard & al., 2008 (p.59, Table 1, N Mid-Atlantic Ridge); Galbraith, 2009 (pers. comm.); Park & Ferrari, 2009 (p.143, Table 5, fig.1, Appendix 1, biogeography); Labat & al., 2009 (p.1747, Table 2); C.E. Morales & al., 2010 (p.158, Table 1); Schnack-Schiel & al., 2010 (p.2064, Table 2: E Atlantic subtropical/tropical); Mazzocchi & Di Capua, 2010 (p.423); Medellin-Mora & Navas S., 2010 (p.265, Tab. 2); Pepin & al., 2011 (p.273, Table 2, seasonal abundance); Batten & Walne, 2011 (p.1643, Table I, abundance vs temperature interannual variability); Salah S. & al., 2012 (p.155, Tableau 1); Hidalgo & al., 2012 (p.134, Table 2); Takahashi M. & al., 2012 (p.393, Table 2, water type index); Teuber & al., 2013 (p.1, Table 1, 2, 3, abundance vs oxygen minimum zone, respiration rates, enzyme activity); in CalCOFI regional list (MDO, Nov. 2013; M. Ohman, comm. pers.); Bode M. & al., 2013 (p.1, Table1, 3, respiration rate & ETS activity); Schukat & al., 2013 (p.1, Table 1, 2, fig.2, respiration, ingestion); Sano & al., 2013 (p.11, Table 2, 5, A1, figs.5, 8, 9, Rem.: p.22, feeding habits, vertical distribution); Lidvanov & al., 2013 (p.290, Table 2, % composition); Chiba S. & al., 2015 (p.968, Table 1: length vs climate); Benedetti & al., 2016 (p.159, Table I, fig.1, functional characters); El Arraj & al., 2017 (p.272, table 2, spatial distribution); Benedetti & al., 2018 (p.1, Fig.2: ecological functional group); Belmonte, 2018 (p.273, Table I: Italian zones); Chaouadi & Hafferssas, 2018 (p.913, Table II: occurrence); Bode & al., 2018 (p.840, Table 1, respiration & ingestion rates); Acha & al., 2020 (p.1, Table 3: occurrence % vs ecoregions).

Distribution

NZ: 24

Distribution map of Euchirella rostrata by geographical zones

List species for the subzone North Sea of the Zone 9

Distribution map of Euchirella rostrata for the Zone Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea

Distribution map of Euchirella rostrata for the Zone Indian Ocean

Distribution map of Euchirella rostrata for the Zone China Seas, Vietnam

Distribution map of Euchirella rostrata for the Zone Antarctic and for the Zone Sub-Antarctic

Additional Maps & Charts

Species Euchirella rostrata - Distribution map 6

Map 6 issued from : J.C. von Vaupel Klein in Zool. Verh. Leiden, 1998, 323. [p.392, Fig.5].
Map showing the distributional areas of E. rostrata (Claus, 1866), E. rostromagna Wolfenden, 1911, and E. latirostris Farran, 1929 , respectively; note the considerable overlap in range of E. rostrata and the other two species which, in their turn, are virtually coinciding in a strictly geographic sense. Antarctic convergence i(AC).

Species Euchirella rostrata - Distribution map 7

Map 7 issued from : U. Brenning in Wiss. Z. Wilhelm-Pieck-Univ. Rostock - 32. Jahrgang 1983. Mat.-nat. wiss. Reihe, 5. [p.1, Fig.1].
Spatial distribution for Euchirella curticauda, E. messinensis, E. pulchra, E. rostrata, E. splendens from 8° S - 26° N; 16°- 20° W.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Distribution map 8

Map 8 issued from : U. Brenning in Wiss. Z. Wilhelm-Pieck-Univ. Rostock - 32. Jahrgang 1983. Mat.-nat. wiss. Reihe, 5. [p.3, Fig.3].
T-S Diagram for Euchirella curticauda, E. messinensis, E. pulchra, E. rostrata, E. splendens from 8° S - 26° N; 16°- 20° W.

Map 9 Issued from : J.M. Bradford & J.B. Jillett in New Zealand Ocean. Inst. Memoir, 86, 1980. [p.88-89, Figs.65-67].
Distribution of several species of Euchirella in the Tasman Sea and around New Zealand.
Nota: Euchirella indica (= Euchirella massinensis indica).

Map 10 Issued from : M. Sano, K. Maki, Y. Nishibe, T. Nagata & S. Nishida in Progr. Oceanogr., 2013, 110. [p.20, Fig.10].
Vertical distribution of eight copepod species across 0-1000 m in Sagami bay in 21-27 April 2009.
White and black boxes denote daytime and nighttime distributions. Scaphocalanus echinatus is taken from Kuriyama & Nishida (2006).
Plankton and water samples collected from a fixed station (35°00'N, 139°20'E) using MTD horizontal closing nets (0.33 mm mesh aperture) at 15 depths (0, 50, 95, 100, 150, 195, 200, 295, 300, 395, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000 m) during both day and night.

Atomic C:N ratio (mean ±SD) = 5.8 ±0.6, n = 9.

Species Euchirella rostrata - Distribution map 11

Map 11 Issued from : C. Séret in Thesis 3ème Cycle, UPMC, Paris 6. 1979, Annexe. [p.32].
Geographical occurrences of Euchirella rostrata in the Indian Ocean and Antarctic zone. [after publications from: Brady, 1883, 1918; Thompson, 1900; Wolfenden, 1908, 1911; With , 1915; Rosendorn, 1917; Farran, 1929; Sewell, 1929, 1947; Brady & Gunther, 1935; Steuer, 1929, 1392, 1933; Ommaney, 1936; Vervoort, 1957; Tanaka, 1960; Brodsky, 1964; Seno, 1966; Andrews, 1966; Grice & Hulsemann, 1967; Seno, 1966; Frost & Fleminger, 1968; Voronina, 1970; Zverva, 1972].

C. Séret notes the occurrence at station 46°S, 64°E.

Map 12 Issued from S. Razouls in XXIII rd Congress of Athens, 3-11 November 1972. [p.2]. Oxygen consumed by individual (adult) in the Banyuls Bay and equivalent carbon asked.
(1) Hydrological season in the stability period: Eté = Summer: 18-20 °C; Hiver = Winter: 13-10°C.
Espèces = species; Saison = Season; Lg céph.= cephalothoracic length; an = individual.

Map 13 Issued from : M. Madhupratap & P. Haridas in J. Plankton Res., 12 (2). [p.312, Fig.5].
Vertical distribution of calanoid copepod (mean +1 SE), abundance No/100 m³. 38- Euchirella rostrata.
Night: shaded, day: unshaded.
Samples collected from 6 stations located off Cochin (India), SE Arabian Sea, November 1983, with a Multiple Closing Plankton Net (mesh aperture 300 µm), in vertical hauls at 4 depth intervalls (0-200, 200-400, 400-600, 600-1000 m).

Map 14 Issued from : M. Bode, R. Koppelmann, L. Teuber, W. Hagen & H. Auel inGlobal Biogeochemical Cycles, 2018, 32. [p.844, Table 1).
Cf. explanations of these measures in Calanoides natalis from the same authors.
Compare with Euchirella curticauda, E. pulchra, E. splendens.

Map 15 Issued from : M. Bode, A. Schukat, W. Hagen & H. Auel in J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 2013, 444. [p.3, Table 1].
Dry mass, individual respiration rate and ETS activity from the northern Benguela Current upwelling system along transects at 23°S and 26°40'S, off Walvisbay and Lüderitz (Namibia).

For Conover (1960) the female respiration rate at 7°C was 6.90 µl O2 ^h ind^-1 (DM: 820-947 µg) in the North Atlantic.

Localisations

Geographical glossary

Antarct. (Weddell Sea, SW Atlant., Indian, S Pacif.), South Georgia, sub-Antarct. (Indian, SW & SE Pacif.), South Africa (E , W), Namibia, off E Tristan da Cunha, Angola, Congo, off N St. Helena is., G. of Guinea, Abidjan, Dakar, off S Cape Verde Is., off NW Cape Verde Is., off Morocco-Mauritania, Cap Ghir, Canary Is., off Madeira, off S Portugal , off W Cabo Finisterre, Patagonia, Brazil, off Amazon, Caribbean Colombia, E Costa Rica, G. of Mexico, Florida, Sargasso Sea, off Bermuda: Station "S" (32°10'N, 64°30'W), off Cape Hatteras, off New Jersey, off Woods Hole, G. of Maine, Bay of Fundy, off SE Nova Scotia, G. of St. Lawrence, Labrador Sea, Strait of Davis S, Newfoundland, Iceland, Wyville Thomson Ridge, Norwegian Sea, off W Ireland, Porcupine Bank, North Sea, Bay of Biscay, Ibero-moroccan Bay, Medit. (Alboran Sea, Habibas Is., Algiers, Gulf of Annaba, Banyuls, G. of Lion, Marseille, Ligurian Sea, Napoli, Strait of Messina, Malta, Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea, Lebanon Basin, Alexandria), Indian, Bay of Bengal, Philippines, China Seas (South China Sea), Japan (Izu, Sagami Bay), off SE Hokkaido, Station Knot, Kurile-Kamchatka Trench, British Columbia, off Washington coast, Oregon (off Newport), California, Pacif. (tropical, N central subtropical), New Zealand (Kaikoura), S Pacif. (NPFZ), off Galapagos, off Peru, Chile (., off Santiago, Concepcion).

Type locality: Mediterranean Sea (western part)

Quotations

N: 184

Dimensions (mm)

References of the authors concerning dimensions

(1) F: 3,6; M: 3,1; (7) F: 4,07; M: 2,99; (10) F: 3-2,75; (14) F: 2,9-2,5; (35) F: 3,4-3,15; (37) F: 3,95-2,95; M: 3,1-2,5; (45) F: 3,25-2,75; (47) F: 3,1-2,95; (56) F: 3,58; M: 3,01; (59) F: 4-2; M: 3-2,5; (72) F: 4-3,26; M: 3-2,97; (73) F: 3,23; 3,15; (110) F: 3,9-2,85; (116) F: 3,5; (142) F: 3,1-2,97; (143) M: 3; (201) F: 4-3,1; M: 3,1-3; (202) F: 2,96-3,22; M: 2,6-2,12; (207) F: 3,04-2,96; M: 2,7-2,66; (231) M: 3,05-2,8; (235) F: 3,22-2,96; M: 2,6; (237) F: 3,5-3; (244) F: 3; (246) F: 3,29; (313) M: 2,8-3,05; (413) F: 3,95-2; (432) F: 3,42-3,27; (1109) F: 2,89-3,42; (1257) F: 3,05-3,75; {F: 2,00-4,07; M: 2,12-3,10}

The mean female size is 3.208 mm (n = 44; SD = 0.4697), and the mean male size is 2.855 mm. (n = 20; SD = 0.3029). The size ratio is 0.84 (n = 10; SD = 0.0549).

Chiba S. & al., 2015 (p.971, Table 1: Total length female (June-July) = 2.8 mm [optimal SST (°C) = 7.9]

Remarks

epi-bathypelagic. Sargasso Sea: 0-1000 m (Deevey & Brooks, 1977, station "S");
Sampling depth (Antarct., sub-Antarct.) : 0-1000 m.
According to Østvedt (1955) this species have not previously been taken from this northern latitude of the Norwegian Sea. Pipe & Coombs (1980, Table II) note at 60°N, 07°W the occurrence in depth: 570-580 m.
After Björnberg (1963, p.37) this species is registered off the Brazilian coast for the first time in samples from very saline and from cooler water, suggesting night vertical migration to the surface.
W. Zhang confirms the presence of this species in the Seas of China (pers. comm. 2006).
After Arashkevich (1978) the diets of the species are centric diatoms (mainly in the gut content), foraminifera and crustacea (less frequent). After Sano & al. (2013, p.21, 22) this species is considered omnivore/detritivores based on previous studies. It is assumed, in Sagami Bay, that the species to feed mainly on sinking aggregates containing fresh phytoplankton and /or crustaceans.
After Benedetti & al. (2018, p.1, Fig.2) this species belonging to the functional group 5 corresponding to small sac-spawning detritivorous.

R. Stephen: Data sheets of NIO, Kochi, India (on line).

Last update : 28/10/2022

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