Species Card of Copepod
Cyclopoida ( Order )
    Sapphirinidae ( Family )
        Sapphirina ( Genus )
Sapphirina darwini  Haeckel, 1864   (F,M)
Syn.: Sapphirina aureofurca Giesbrecht, 1891
Ref.:
Haeckel, 1864 (p.105, figs.F); Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.619, 644, 775, figs.F,M); A. Scott, 1909 (p.254, Rem.); Lehnhofer, 1929 (p.295, figs.F,M, Rem.); Rose, 1933 a (p.317, figs.F,M); Mori, 1937 (1964) (p.126, figs.F); Lysholm & al., 1945 (p.43); Chiba & al., 1957 (p.310); 1957 a (p.12); Crisafi & Mazza, 1966 (p.567, 569, 594, figs.F,M, Rem.); Crisafi, 1966 (p.660, fig. Juv.); Corral Estrada, 1970 (p.231); Chen & al., 1974 (p.49, figs.F,M); Chae & Nishida, 1994 (p.205, 208, integumental structure, pattern color); Chihara & Murano, 1997 (p.989, Pl.230: F,M); Conway & al., 2003 (p.234, figs.F,M, Rem.); Vives & Shmeleva, 2010 (p.369, figs.F,M, Rem.)
Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 1 of morphological figuresissued from : Q.-c Chen & S.-z. Zhang & C.-s. Zhu in Studia Marina Sinica, 1974, 9. [Pl.12, Figs.5-9].
Female (from China Seas): 5, habirus (dorsal); 6, A2; 7, endopodite segment 3 of P2.

Male: 8, habitus (dorsal); 9, A2.


Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 2 of morphological figuresissued from : P. Crisafi & J. Mazza in Atti Soc. pelorit. Sci. fis. mat. nat., 1966, XII (3/4). [p.595, Fig.18].
Female (from Strait of Messina): A, habitus (dorsal); B, distal portion of A1.


Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 3 of morphological figuresissued from : P. Crisafi & J. Mazza in Atti Soc. pelorit. Sci. fis. mat. nat., 1966, XII (3/4). [p.596, Fig.19].
Male: habitus (dorsal).


Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 4 of morphological figures issued from : J. Chae & S. Nishida in Mar. Biol., 1994 (119). [p.207, Fig.2, A, C].
Male: Scanning electron microscopy photographs of platelets from dorsal integument.
A, honeycomb arrangement; C, idem at high magnification.

Nota: Color observed with reflected (R) and transmitted light (T): Yellow, occasionally purple in lateral margin (R); no data (T).


Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 5 of morphological figuresissued from : T. Mori in The Pelagic copepoda from the neighbouring waters of Japan, 1937 (1964). [Pl. 68, Figs.12-16].
Female: 12, habitus (dorsal); 13, A2; 14, A1; 15, P4; 16, P2.


Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 6 of morphological figuresissued from : C. Lehnhofer in Wiss. Ergebn. dt. Tiefsee-Exped. ''Valdivia'', 1929, 22 (5). [p.295, Fig.29, 1-3a].
Female: 1, A1; 2, A2; 3a, caudal ramus.
L: maximal length; W: maximal width; T: terminal spines.


Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 7 of morphological figuresissued from : C. Lehnhofer in Wiss. Ergebn. dt. Tiefsee-Exped. ''Valdivia'', 1929, 22 (5). [p.295, Fig.29, 1-3a].
Female: 1, A1; 2, A2; 3a, caudal ramus.
L = length; W = width; T = terminal spines.


Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 8 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 19, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.53, Fig.3].
Female: 3, A1.


Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 9 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 19, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.52, Figs.59, 63].
Male: 59, habitus (dorsal); 63, caudal rami (dorsal).


Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 10 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 19, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.53, Fig.33].
Male: 33, A2.


Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 11 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 19, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.53, Fig.57].
Male: 57, P4 (endopod).


Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 12 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 19, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.54, Fig.35].
Male: 35, Mxp.


Species Sapphirina darwini - Plate 13 of morphological figuresIssued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 19, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.54, Fig.67].
Male: 67, Mx1.

Compl. Ref.:
Wilson, 1942 a (p.206); El-Maghraby, 1965 (p.58, Appendix); Neto & Paiva, 1966 (p.34, Table III); Delalo, 1968 (p.139); Deevey, 1971 (p.224); Tranter, 1977 (p.596, 599); Dessier, 1979 (p.208); Rajaram & Krishnaswamy, 1980 a (p.154); Vives, 1982 (p.296); Kovalev & Shmeleva, 1982 (p.86); Guangshan & Honglin, 1984 (p.118, tab.); Jimenez-Perez & Lara-Lara, 1988; Lozano Soldevilla & al., 1988 (p.61); Yoo, 1991 (tab.1); Shih & Young, 1995 (p.77); Suarez-Morales & Gasca, 1998 a (p.113); Fernandez-Alamo & al., 2000 (p.1139, Appendix); Suarez-Morales & al., 2000 (p.751, tab.1); Hwang & al., 2003 (p.193, tab.2); Lo & al., 2004 (p.89, tab.1); Hwang & al., 2006 (p.943, tabl. I); Ayon & al., 2008 (p.238, Table 4: Peruvian samples); W.-B. Chang & al., 2010 (p.735, Table 2, abundance); Mazzocchi & Di Capua, 2010 (p.429); in CalCOFI regional list (MDO, Nov. 2013; M. Ohman, comm. pers.); Ben Ltaief & al., 2017 (p.1, Table III, Summer relative abundance); Jerez-Guerrero & al., 2017 (p.1046, Table 1: temporal occurrence)
NZ: 13

Distribution map of Sapphirina darwini by geographical zones
Loc:
Angola (Baia Farta), off Congo, Canary Is., off N Brazil, Yucatan, Bermuda, off N Bermuda, Medit. (W Basin, Ligurian Sea, Napoli, Messina, G. of Gabes, N & S Adriatic Sea, Egyptian coast), Red Sea, Madagascar, Indian, Nicobar Is., W Australia, Indonesia-Malaysia, China Seas (Yellow Sea, East China Sea, South China Sea), Taiwan (S, SW, N: Mienhua Canyon), Japan, Bikini Is., W Baja California, G. of California, W Mexico, G. of Tehuantepec, Pacif. (W equatorial), Bahia Cupica (Colombia), Peru, Chile (in Björnberg, 1973, p.370, 389, as S. opalina-darwini)
N: 39
Lg.:
(46) F: 2,6; M: 3,15-2,7; (91) F: ± 2,4; (109) F: 3,2-2; M: 3,4-2,6; (705) F: 3,017-2,753; M: 3,583-3,319; (805) F: 2,79-1,2; M: 2,79-2; (866) F: 3,16-2; M: 3,52-2,24; (991) F: 2-2,79; M: 1,2-2,79; {F: 1,20-3,20; M: 1,20-3,58}
Rem.: Lehnhofer (1929, p.295) considers this form as a variation of Sapphirina opalina, position followed by Boxshall & Halsey (2004, p. 653).

See in DVP Conway & al., 2003 (version 1)
Last update : 05/04/2018
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