Pseudochirella hirsuta - Species Card - Marine Planktonic Copepods

Pseudochirella hirsuta Wolfenden, 1905 (F,M)

Taxonomy

Order Calanoida

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Superfamily Clausocalanoidea

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Family Aetideidae

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Genus Pseudochirella

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Abbreviations or symbols

Synonymy

Euchirella hirsuta Wolfenden, 1905 a (p.17, Descr.F, figs.F); 1911 (p.240, figs.F); Farran, 1929 (p.208, 237, Rem.: juv.); Hardy & Gunther, 1935 (1936) (p.159, Rem.); ; Sewell, 1948 (p.569);
Pseudeuchirella hirsuta: Björnberg, 1973 (p.324, 388)

References

List of the studied authors

Vervoort, 1957 (p.69, Rem.); Park, 1978 (p.163, figs.F); Markhaseva, 1989 (p.36,38,41, Descr.M, figs.M); Razouls, 1994 (p.80, figs.F,M); Markhaseva, 1996 (p.266, figs.F,M); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.879, 923, figs.F,M);

Figures

Plate 1 Female: 1, 2, habitus (dorsal, lateral); 3, Urosome (dorsal); 4, A2; issued from : Park in Antarct. Res. Ser. Washington, 1978, 27: 163.

Male: 5, 6, habitus (dorsal, lateral); 7, 7', P5 (Dt: right, G: left); issued from : Markhaseva E.L., in Explorations of the Fauna of Seas. M.G. Petrushevska & S.D. Stepanjants (eds). Marine Plankton, 1989, 41 (49): 33-60.

Species Pseudochirella hirsuta - Plate 2 of morphological figures

Plate 2 issued from : T. Park in Antarctic Res. Ser. Washington, 1978, 27. [p.164, Fig.41].
Female (54°17'S and 68°17'S in Pacific): : A, habitus (dorsal); B, idem (lateral); C, posterior part of metasome and urosome (dorsal); D, A2; E, Md; F, Mx1.

Nota: Proportional lengths of prosome and urosome about 83 : 17.
Rostrum single, pointing straight downward.
Frontal eminence bearing suprafrontal sensilla.
Cephalosome fused with 1st metasomal segment, with line of segmentation visible; 4th and 5th metasomal segments almost completely fused.
Posterolateral corner of metasome produced distally into blunt lappet covering anterior 2/5 of genital segment.
Genital segment (dorsally) symmetrical, with lateral sides markedly bulging at middle; genital swelling located midway; Spermatheca digitiform (viewed laterally).
A1 extending beyond distal end of caudal ramus by last 2 segments.
Exopod of A2 longer than endopod by about 1/3 its length, 2nd segments with 3 setae of equal length.
Mx1 with 14 setae on first, 5 on second, and 4 on third inner lobe; 5 on basis, 16 on endopod, 11 on exopod, and 9 on outer lobe.
Coxopodite of P4 with comb of 10-13 strong spines across mediodistal portion of posterior surface.

Species Pseudochirella hirsuta - Plate 3 of morphological figures

Plate 3 issued from : T. Park in Antarctic Res. Ser. Washington, 1978, 27. [p.165, Fig.42].
Female A, Mxp; B, P1 (anterior); C, P2 (idem); D, basipod of P4 (posterior).

Nota: Coxa of Mxp with conical process distally on anterior surface. Basis longer than coxa by about 2/5 its length.

Species Pseudochirella hirsuta - Plate 4 of morphological figures

Plate 4 issued from : E.L. Markhaseva in Trudy Zool. Inst. RAN, St. Petersburg, 1996, 268. [p.269, Fig.214].
Female (from Antarct.: S Pacif.). Ce: forehead (lateral); CP4: coxopod of P4 (part.).
Male (from Antarct.: S Pacif.). P.md: mandibular palp.

Nota: Cephalothorax 4.0-4.2 times longer than urosome.
Cephalon and 1st thoracic segment indistinctly separated, 4th and 5th segments virtually completely fused.
Posterior corners of last thoracic segment symmetrical, of smooth triangular shape (lateral view), covering nearly the first third of genital segment, with hairs; in dorsal view corners with somewhat bifid tops.
Genital segment symmetrically widened in its midlength (dorsal view); ventral swelling not prominent.
Urosomal segments 1-3 surface with hairs.
A1 by 1-3 last segments longer than body.
Exopodite of P1 3-segmented.
Endopodite of P2 2-segmented.
Coxopodite of P4 with15 robust spines (10-13 spines in Park, 1978).

Species Pseudochirella hirsuta - Plate 5 of morphological figures

Plate 5 issued from : E.L. Markhaseva in Proc. Zool. Inst. RAN, St. Petersburg, 1996, 268. [p.270, Fig.215].
Male (from Markhaseva, 1989).

Nota: Cephalothorax 3.4 times longer than urosome.
Cephalon and 1st thoracic segment fused, 4th and 5th fused.
A1 reaching nearly urosomal segment 2.
Oral parts reduced in comparison to those in females.
Exopodite of P1 3-segmented; exopodal segment 1 with external spine vert small.
Exopodal segment 2 of left P5 with tooth, exopodal segment 3 of left P5 nearly 4 times longer than wide.

Species Pseudochirella hirsuta - Plate 6 of morphological figures

Plate 6 issued from : R.N. Wolfenden in Die Marinen Copepoden der Deutschen Südpolar-Expedition 1901-1903, 1911. [Pl.XXVIII, Figs.7-9]. As Euchirella hirsuta.
Female: 7, habitus (lateral); 8, posterior part cephalothorax and urosome (dorsal); 9, P4.

Plate 7 Issued from : E.L. Markhaseva in USSR Acad. Sci., Zool. Inst., Explor. Fauna Seas. Marine Plankton, 1989, 41 (49).
p.52, Fig. 2].
Female: Thoracic segment 5 and genital segment.
Nota from the key:
1 - Genital segment symmetrical.
3 - Exopodite 2 of A2 with 3 setae.
3 - Thoracic posterior corners symmetrical.
4 - Exopodite 2 of A2 with 3setae.
5 - Thoracic segments 4 and 5 not well separate.
5 - Genital segment (in lateral view) with ventral protuberance forward, 1.2 times large than the following segment.
6 - Body length > 6 mm.

Plate 8 Pseudochirella hirsuta Male:
1 - Exopodite 2 of left P5with 1 tooyh in its distal part.
2 - Posterior coprners of last toracic segment without spines, rounded.
3 - Posterior corners without teeth.
4 - Exopodite 3 of left P5 triangular shape apically with knob.
5 - Body length > 7 mm.

Species Pseudochirella hirsuta - Plate 9 of morphological figures

Plate 9 Issued from : C. Razouls in Ann. Inst. océanogr., Paris, 1994, 70 (1). [p.80]. Caractéristiques morphologiques de Pseudochirella hirsuta femelle et mâle adultes.
Terminologie et abbréviations: voir à Calanus propinquus.

Complementary References

List of the studied authors

Grice & Hulsemann, 1967 (p.15); 1968 (tab.2); Hopkins & Torres, 1988 (tab.1); Razouls & al., 2000 (p.343, tab. 3, 5, Appendix); Park & Ferrari, 2009 (p.143, Table 4, Appendix 1, biogeography from Southern Ocean); Kouwenberg & al., 2014 (p.290, biogeography, Map 7)

Distribution

NZ: 5

Distribution map of Pseudochirella hirsuta by geographical zones

Distribution map of Pseudochirella hirsuta for the Zone Indian Ocean

Distribution map of Pseudochirella hirsuta for the Zone Antarctic and for the Zone Sub-Antarctic

Additional Maps & Charts

Species Pseudochirella hirsuta - Distribution map 4

Map 4 issued from : W. Vervoort in B.A.N.Z. Antarctic Reseach Expedition, Reports - Ser. B, Vol. III, 1957 [Fig.54]
Chart showing the geographical distribution (white triangle) in the seas surrounding the Antarctic continent.
Nota: In this chart the area frequented by whaling vessels has been hatched. The Antarctic circle (66°.5 S) has been drawn as a broken line. The numbers I to VI refer to the sectors into which the Antarctic seas are divided according to Mackintosh (1942) (after Vervoort, 1951).

Species Pseudochirella hirsuta - Distribution map 5

Map 5 Issued from : E.L. Markhaseva in Issled. Fauny Morei, 1989, 41 (49). [p.60, Fig.19].
Geographical distribution of P. hirsuta.
4: from literature; 5: present occurrences.

Species Pseudochirella hirsuta - Distribution map 6

Map 6 Issued from : J.H.M. Kouwenberg, C. Razouls & N. Desreumaux in Biogeographic Atlas of the Southern Ocean, Scient. Comm. Antarct. Res., Cambridge, 2014, 6.6. [p.293, Map 7].
Distribution of Pseudochirella hirsuta.

Localisations

Geographical glossary

Antarct. (Croker Passage, Peninsula, Weddell Sea, SW Atlant., Indian, SW & SE Pacif.), South Georgia, sub-Antarct. (SW Atlant., SE Pacif.), S Atlant. (off E Tristan da Cunha Is.), W Indian, SE Pacif., off Juan Fernandez Is., S Chile

Nota: Female specimens obtained by Wolfenden (1905, 1911) in the South Atlantic (35°10'S, 02°33'E and 35°39'S, 08°16'E and the Indian Ocean sector of Antarctic (61°58'S, 95°01'E).

Type locality: region of 35°S, 2-8°E

Quotations

N: 15

Dimensions (mm)

References of the authors concerning dimensions

(10) F: 9-8,5; (20) F: 9,41-8,66; (25) F: 9,68; (37) F: 9,41-8,5; M: 7,2; {F: 8,50-9,68; M: 7,20}

Remarks

meso & bathypelagic.
Sampling depth (Antarct., sub-Antarct.) : 500-1000-4000 m.
For Vervoort (1957, p.69) this beautiful, large species is easily recognized by the hirsute 5th thoracic somite and the densely haired and peculiarly shaped abdomen.
After Markhaseva (1996, p.268) the northernmost findings of the species in the Indian and Atlantic oceans, probably may be explaned by the fact that the species is transported with meridional water currents from Subantarctic, the latter localities, do not actually belong to the distribution area proper, but to the zone of the species eviction.

Last update : 24/01/2017

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