Species Card of Copepod
Calanoida ( Order )
    Clausocalanoidea ( Superfamily )
        Diaixidae ( Family )
            Byrathis ( Genus )
Byrathis divae  Markhaseva & Renz, 2011   (F)
Ref.:
Markheseva & Renz, 2011 (p., figs.F)
Species Byrathis divae - Plate 1 of morphological figuresissued from : E.L. Markhaseva & J. Renz in Zootaxa, 2011, 2889. [p.51, Fig.1].
Female (17°06.2'S, 04°41.7'E): A-B, habitus (dorsal and lateral, respectively); C-D; rostrum (lateral and anteroventral, respectively); E, urosome (dorsal view); F, posterior prosome and urosome (lateral view); G, posterior corner of prosome and genital double-somite (ventral view).
Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-B); 0.1 mm (C-G).

Nota : Prosome 2.8-3.3 times as long as urosome.
Rostrum absent.
Cephalosome and pedigerous somite 1 and pedigerous somites 4 and 5 separate.
A1 24-segmented, extending to distal margin of urosomal segments 3-4.
Caudal ramus with 1 dorsal, 1 ventral, and 4 terminal setae.


Species Byrathis divae - Plate 2 of morphological figuresissued from : E.L. Markhaseva & J. Renz in Zootaxa, 2011, 2889. [p.52, Fig.2].
Female: A, A1 segments 1-8 (ancestral: I-XI); B, A1 segments 9-18 (ancestral: XII-XXI); C, A1 segments 19-24 (ancestral: XXII-XXVIII); D, Mxp; E, Mxp (distal part of coxal endite of syncoxa)); F, P1 (posterior surface); G, P1 (coxa and basis; anterior surface); H, P5.
Arrows mark enlarged distal part of segment XXVII-XXVIII and scar for aesthetasc.
Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
Holotype: A-D, F, H; paratype: E.

Nota : Mxp : syncoxa with 1 seta on proximal praecoxal lobe, 2 setae on middle praecoxal endite and 2 sclerotized setae and 1 poorly developed brush-like seta on distal praecoxal endite ; coxal lobe with 3 setae and small attenuation. Basis with 3 setae and row of ninute hairs. Endopod 6-segmented with 2, 4, 4, 3, 3+1, and 4 setae.
P5 3-segmented, coxa and basis with distolateral patch of spinules, exopod ornamented with rare surface spinules, 3 distal spines and terminal attenuation.


Species Byrathis divae - Plate 3 of morphological figuresissued from : E.L. Markhaseva & J. Renz in Zootaxa, 2011, 2889. [p.53, Fig.3].
Female: A, A2 (basis, endo- and exopod); B, coxa of A2; C, Md (mandibular palp); D, Md (mandibular gnathobase); E, Md (cutting edge); F, Mx1; G, Mx2 (sensory setae of endopod are not figured); H, Mx2 (praecoxal endite)I, Mx2 ( (endopod with sensory setae); J, Mx2 distal basal endite (previously considered as distal coxal endite) and enditic-like lobe of proximal endopodal segment (previously considered as proximal basal endite).
Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
Holotype (A, C-D, F-G, I); paratype (B, E, H, J).

Nota : Prosome 2.8-3.3 times as long as urosome.
Rostrum absent.
Cephalosome and pedigerous somite 1 and pedigerous somites 4 and 5 separate.
A1 24-segmented, extending to distal margin of urosomal segments 3-4.
Caudal ramus with 1 dorsal, 1 ventral, and 2 terminal setae.

Nota : Md : gnathobase with crest ; cutting edge with 5 large and 3 small teeth near thick dorsal seta. Basis with 3 setae. Exopod 5-segmented with 1, 1, 1, 1, and 2 setae. Endopod 2-segmented , segment 1 with 2 setae, segment 2 with 8 long and 1 short setae.
Mx1 : praecoxal arthrite with 9 marginal setae (4 posterior and 1 anterior) ; coxal endite with 2 setae ; coxal epipodite with 6 long and 3 short setae ; proximal basal endite with 3 setae, distal basal endite with 2 setae ; endopod with 7 setae ; exopod with 6-7 setae.
Mx2 : praecoxal endite (previously considered as proximal praecoxal endite) with 4 setae and a short attenuation ; coxal endite (previously considered as distal praecoxal endite) with 3 setae ; basal endites (previously considerd as coxal endites) with 3 setae each, 1 seta of distal basal endite thicker, spine-like ; enditic-like lobe of proximal endopodal segment (previously considered as proximal basal endite) with 4 setae, 1 is thicker and 1 is partly sensory ; endopod with 3 worm-like and 5 poorly developed brush-like sensory setae .


Species Byrathis divae - Plate 4 of morphological figuresissued from : E.L. Markhaseva & J. Renz in Zootaxa, 2011, 2889. [p.554, Fig.4].
Female: A, P2; B, P3; C, P4 (coxa, basis, endopodal and exopodal segments 1; D, P4 (exopodal segments 2-3); E, P4 (endopodal segments 2-3).
Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

NZ: 3

Distribution map of Byrathis divae by geographical zones
Loc:
S Atlant. (17°6'S, 4°41.7'E; 41°S, 5°-9°E; 58°-65°S, 24°-51°W)
N: 1
Lg.:
(1088) F: 2,1-2,47; {F: 2,10-2,47}
Rem.: hyperbenthic, abyssal (3000 -5400 m).
After Markhaseva & Renz (2011, p.55), some specimens from the Antactic samples differ from those of the type series in setation details of A1 and oral parts.
Last update : 30/12/2014
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Razouls C., Desreumaux N., Kouwenberg J. and de Bovée F., 2005-2024. - Biodiversity of Marine Planktonic Copepods (morphology, geographical distribution and biological data). Sorbonne University, CNRS. Available at http://copepodes.obs-banyuls.fr/en [Accessed April 19, 2024]

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