Stephos fernandoi - Species Card - Marine Planktonic Copepods

Species Card of Copepod

Calanoida ( Order )	details
Clausocalanoidea ( Superfamily )	details
Stephidae ( Family )	details
Stephos ( Genus )	details	List species for this Genus

Stephos fernandoi Suarez-Morales, Gutiérrez-Aguirre, Cervantes-Martinez & Iliffe, 2017 (F,M)

Abbreviations or symbols

Ref.:

(

List of the studied authors )

Suarez-Morales & al., 2017 (p.1, Descr. F, M, figs.F, M, Rem.)

Species Stephos fernandoi - Plate 1 of morphological figures

Issued from : E. Suarez-Morales, M. A. Gutiérrez-Aguirre, A. Cervantes-Martinez & T. Iliffe in ZooKeys, 2017, 671. [p.4, Fig.1].
Female (from 20°27'3.2''N, 86°59'14.4''W): A, habitus (lateral); B, A1 (segments 1-16); C, A1 (segments 17-24); D, A1 (segment 24 showing apical process; E, A2; F, Md (palp); G, Md (gnathal base); H, Mx1; I, Mx2.
Scale bars: A = 100 µm; D: 10 µm; B, C, E-I: 20 µm.

Nota:
- Cephalosome and 1st pedigeous somite separate, 4th and 5th fused.
- Prosome with posterolateral corners rounded, moderately produced, symmetrical.
- Rostrum weakly developed, represented by small medial expansion, rostral points absent.
- Urosome 4-segmented, representing 31% of total body length.
- Genital double-somite relatively long, almost 40% of urosome, barrel-shaped, weakly expanded mid-ventrally symmetrical. Single gonopore opening ventrally at proximal 1/3 of somite; adjacent ventral surface of somite ornamented with 4 slender spiniform elements inserted at each side of simple, transverse genital operculum.
- Anal somite shortest of urosome , subrectangular, about 10% of urosome length, cuticular ornamentation absent on dorsal and ventral surfaces.
- A1 24-segmented, reaching posterior margin of preanal somite. One of the setal elemnts on segment 12 spiniform. Distal segment with apical acute process present in some specimens (fig.1, D).
- A2 biramous, exopod longer than endopod. Endopod 2-segmented, distal portion of terminal segment with 2 lobes, proximal lobe with 8 setae, distal lobe with single short, lateral seta plus 5 long terminal setae. Exopod indistinctly 7-segmented.
- Md with gnathobase armed with 4 large monocuspid ventral teeth plus 3 smaller bicuspid teeth, dorsal monocuspid tooth, and short dorsal seta. Serial teeth distinctly separated from large ventralmost tooth by diastema. Palp biramous, basis robust, armed with 4 subequal setae inserted on medial margin. Endopod short, 2-segmented; proximal segment with 2 short and 1 long setae, outer margin protuberant; distal segment subrectangular, with 10 setae, 1 reduced. Exopod indistinctly 5-segmented, armed with 1, 1, 1, 1, 2 setae.
- Mx1 with praecoxal arthrite bearing 9 spiniform marginl setae. Coxal epipodite with 9 setae, coxal endite with 2 setae. Basis with proximal endite bearing 4 setae, distal basal endite armed with 5 setae. Endopod reduced, not articulated to basis, indistinctly 3-segmented, proximal segment with 4 setae, 2nd segment with 2 setae, distal segment with 6 setae. Exopod oblong, with 10 subequal setae.
- Mx2 indistinctly 6-segmented including precoxa, coxa, allobasis and 3-segmented endopod. Free endopodal segments armed with 1, 1, 3 setae.
- Mxp indistinctly 9-segmented, precoxa and coxa partially fused, precoxa unarmed, with cluster of spinules. Endopod 6-segmented, armed with 2, 4, 4, 2, 2, 4 setae.

Species Stephos fernandoi - Plate 2 of morphological figures

Issued from : E. Suarez-Morales, M. A. Gutiérrez-Aguirre, A. Cervantes-Martinez & T. Iliffe in ZooKeys, 2017, 671. [p.6, Fig.2, A-G, I-J].
Female: A, Mxp; B, P1; C, P2: D, P3; E, P4; F, P1 exopod (another specimen showing reduced outermost apical spine, arrow); G, P1 endopod (another specimen); I, P5 (anterior view); J, 5th pedigerous somite and urosome (lateral view).
A-I: 20 µm; J, 50 µm.I: 20 µm; J: 50 µm.

Nota: P5 reduced, symmetrical, uniramous, 2-segmented with proximal segment cylindrical, distal segment proximally globose, forming long spiniform bipinnate apical process.

Species Stephos fernandoi - Plate 3 of morphological figures

Issued from : E. Suarez-Morales, M. A. Gutiérrez-Aguirre, A. Cervantes-Martinez & T. Iliffe in ZooKeys, 2017, 671. [p.10, Fig.4, F].
Female: F, caudal rami showing caudal setae II-VII (ventral view).
Scale bar: 10 µm.
Nota: Caudal rami subrectangular, symmetrical, length/width ratio = 1.6-1.7, armed with 6 caudal setae (II-VII).
- Inner margin naked except for displaced dorsal seta (VII) inserted on proximal 1/4 of inner margin, seta reaching beyond distal margin of ramus.
- Caudal seta I absent, seta II reduced, inserted near base of seta III. Terminal setae III-VI well developed.
- All ramal setae biserially plumose.

Issued from : E. Suarez-Morales, M. A. Gutiérrez-Aguirre, A. Cervantes-Martinez & T. Iliffe in ZooKeys, 2017, 671. [p.8, Table I].
Female: Armature formula of swimming legs P1-P4.
Roman numerals indicate spines and Arabic numerals are setae.

Species Stephos fernandoi - Plate 5 of morphological figures

Issued from : E. Suarez-Morales, M. A. Gutiérrez-Aguirre, A. Cervantes-Martinez & T. Iliffe in ZooKeys, 2017, 671. [p.8, Fig.3].
Male (from 20°27'3.2''N, 86°59'14.4''W): A, habitus (lateral view); B, P5 (L = left ramus ; R = right ramus).
A: 100 µm; B: 50 µm.

Nota:
- Rostrum as in female.
- Urosome 5-segmented, representing 32% of total body length.
1st urosomite symmetrical.
- Anal somite shortest.
- Caudal rami relatively short, symmetrical, caudal setae as in female.
- P5 uniramous, asymmetrical.
Left leg 5-segmented, about as long as right counterpart; proximal segment widest of ramus, with inner margin expanded. 2nd, 3rd and 4th segments elongate, 4th with triangular plate on distomedial angle; distal segment with 3 terminal lamellae tapering distally plus subdistal subtriangular process, and with short seta inserted proximally on medial margin.
- Right leg 4-segmented; 1st and 2nd segments cylindrical, robust, unarmed; 3rd segment elongate and tapering; 4th segment very slender and bifurcating distally into ''C''-shaped structure furnished with 6-8 peg-like elements along bifurcation. End of subdistal process acute, opposite end with apical leaf-like expansion.

Species Stephos fernandoi - Plate 6 of morphological figures

Issued from : E. Suarez-Morales, M. A. Gutiérrez-Aguirre, A. Cervantes-Martinez & T. Iliffe in ZooKeys, 2017, 671. [p.6, Fig.2, H].
Male : P1.

NZ:

Distribution map of Stephos fernandoi by geographical zones

Loc:

(

Geographical glossary )

E Mexico (Cozumel Island, anchialine cave of Cenote Tres Potrillos)
Type locality: 20°27'3.2'' N, 86°59'14.4'' W

Lg.:

(

References of the authors concerning dimensions )

(1310) F: 0.475; M: 0.493; {F: 0.475; M: 0.475}

Rem.:

Por Suarez-Morales & al. (p.1) , the new species is clearly distinguished from its congeners by the characters: male left P5 with 3 terminal lamellae plus subdistal process, tight P5 with distal row of peg-like elements; female P5 with single long, acute apical process genital double-somite with 2 rows each of 4 long spinules adjacent to operculum; P2-P4 with articulated setae.
The introduction of stephid copepods in the region may be a relatively recent event derived from colonization of benthopelagic ancestral forms and subsequent invasion o,to cave habitats.

Last update : 11/07/2017


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