Augaptilus longicaudatus - Species Card - Marine Planktonic Copepods

Augaptilus longicaudatus Claus, 1863 (F,M)

Taxonomy

Order Calanoida

details

Superfamily Arietelloidea

details

Family Augaptilidae

details

Genus Augaptilus

details list species for this Genus

Abbreviations or symbols

Synonymy

Hemicalanus longicaudatus Claus, 1863 (p.179, fig.)

References

List of the studied authors

Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.400, 414, 770, figs.F,M); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.123, Rem. F,M); Esterly, 1905 (p.188, figs.M, Rem.F,M); Farran, 1908 b (p.78, Rem.); A. Scott, 1909 (p.136, Rem.); Wolfenden, 1911 (p.341); Pesta, 1920 (p.533); Lysholm & Nordgaard, 1921 (p.26); Sars, 1925 (p.256, figs.F); Farran, 1926 (p.288); 1929 (p.209, 269); Sewell, 1932 (p.315); Farran, 1936 a (p.113); Jespersen, 1940 (p.57); Sewell, 1947 (p.232, Rem.); Brodsky, 1950 (1967) (p.367, figs.F,M, Rem.); Grice, 1962 (p.226, figs.F); Tanaka, 1964 b (p.79, figs.F); Vervoort, 1965 (p.131, Rem.); Owre & Foyo, 1967 (p.82, figs.F,M); Tanaka & Omori, 1971 (p.260, fig.F, Rem.); Matthews, 1972 (p.46, Rem.); Razouls, 1972 (p.95, Annexe: p.81); Ali-Khan & Ali-Khan, 1984 (p.303, figs.F); Mazzocchi & al., 1995 (p.25, Rem.); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.882, 939, figs.F,M); Bradford-Grieve,1999 b (p.42, figs.F,M, Rem., figs.171, 190); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.173, figs.F,M, Rem.)

Figures

Plate 1 issued from : O. Tanaka in Publs Seto Mar. Biol. Lab., 1964, XII (1). [p.80, Fig.213].
Female: a, habitus (dorsal); b, forehead (left lateral side); c, last thoracic segment and urosome (left lateral side); d, urosome (ventral); e, masticatory blade of Md; f, Mx1; g, P5.
Nota: The urosome segments and furca are in the proportional lengths as 38:10:18:34 = 100. A1 exceeds the end of the furca by distal 4 segments.

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 2 of morphological figures

Plate 2 issued from : J.M. Bradford-Grieve in The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Pelagic Calanoid Copepoda. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 111, 1999. [p.45, Fig.18].
Female: A, habitus (dorsal); B, caudal ramus; C, Mx1; D, Md (mandibular palp); E, P1; F, P5 (another specimen)

Male: G, habitus (dorsal); H, P5 (L = left leg; R = right leg).

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 3 of morphological figures

Plate 3 Issued from : G.O. Sars in Résult. Camp. Scient. Prince Albert I, 69, pls.1-127 (1924). [Pl.LXXVI, figs.17-18].
Female: 17, habitus (dorsal); 18, anal segment and caudal rami (dorsal).

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 4 of morphological figures

Plate 4 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.39, Fig.48].
Female: 48, urosome (ventral).

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 5 of morphological figures

Plate 5 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.27, Fig.31].
Female: 31, P5 (posterior view).

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 6 of morphological figures

Plate 6 issued from : C.O. Esterly in Univ. Calif. Publs. Zool., 1905, 2 (4). [p.188, Fig.41].
Male (from San Diego Region): a, habitus (dorsal); b, Mx2; c, right P5; d, left P5.
Nota: Grasping A1 on left.

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 7 of morphological figures

Plate 7 issued from : S. Ali-Khan & J. Ali-Khan in Crustaceana, 1984, 47 (3). [p.304, Figs.1-6].
Female (from 24°09'N, 64°27'E): 1, habitus (dorsal); 2, Md (biting edge); 3, Mx1; 4, P1; 5, left P5; 6, right P5.

Nota: The mandibular dentition is 5 + 1 as in Tanaka (1964) but differs with that of Grice (1962). P5 is atypical since the outer edge of the 3rd exopoodal segment of left P5 has 2 spines while the right one has a single spine.

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 8 of morphological figures

Plate 8 issued from : O. Tanaka & M. Omori in Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab., 1971, XIX, 4. [p.260, Fig.5, b].
Female (from Izu Region): b, last thoracic segment and urosome (dorsal).

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 9 of morphological figures

Plate 9 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.29, Fig.22].
Male: 22, P5 (anterior view). Ps = left leg; Pd = right leg.

Plate 10 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.28, Fig.2].
Male: 2, left A1 (ventral view).

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 11 of morphological figures

Plate 11 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.28, Figs.31, 38, 39].
Male: 31, Mxp; 38, Mx2 (anterior view); 39, portion of Mx2 seta with ''buttons''.

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 12 of morphological figures

Plate 12 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.28, Fig.8].
Female: 8, A1 (distal segments).

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 13 of morphological figures

Plate 13 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.28, Fig.11].
Female: 11, A2 (anterior view).

Plate 14 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.28, Fig.19, 23].
Female: 19, Md; 23, Md (biting edge of mandibular blade).

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 15 of morphological figures

Plate 15 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.28, Figs.32, 35].
Female: exopod 3 of P2; 35, Mx1 (posterior view).

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 16 of morphological figures

Plate 16 issued from : G.D. Grice in Fish. Bull. Fish and Wildl. Ser., 1962, 61. [p.225, Pl.26, Figs.6-14].
Female (from 00°11'S, 119°58'W): 6-7, habitus (dorsal and lateral, respectively); 8,Md; 9, Md (biting edge); 10, P1; 11, P2; 12, P3; 13, P4; 14, P5.
Nota: Genital segment asymmetrical.

Species Augaptilus longicaudatus - Plate 17 of morphological figures

Plate 17 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892. Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf. 39, Fig. 37].
Male: habitus (dorsal).

Complementary References

List of the studied authors

Pearson, 1906 (p.28); Chatton, 1920 (p.16, Rem.); Rose, 1924 d (p.481); 1925 a (p.2); Wilson, 1942 a (p.171); Massuti Alzamora, 1942 (p.111); Lysholm & al., 1945 (p.37); Sewell, 1948 (p.330, 504, 509, 516, 531, 547, 558, 567); C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.170); Fagetti, 1962 (p.32); V.N. Greze, 1963 a (tabl.2); De Decker & Mombeck, 1964 (p.11); Mazza, 1966 (p.72); Fleminger, 1967 a (tabl.1); Evans, 1968 (p.11); Morris, 1970 (p.2301); Itoh, 1970 (tab.1); Park, 1970 (p.477); Deevey, 1971 (p.224); Apostolopoulou, 1972 (p.328, 362); Roe, 1972 (p.277, tabl.1, tabl.2); Björnberg, 1973 (p.348, 384); Razouls, 1973 (p.466); Vives & al., 1975 (p.50, tab.II, XII); Deevey & Brooks, 1977 (p.156, tab.2, Station "S"); Carter, 1977 (1978) (p.36); Vives, 1982 (p.294); Kovalev & Shmeleva, 1982 (p.85); Scotto di Carlo & al., 1984 (1043); Guangshan & Honglin, 1984 (p.118, tab.); Roe, 1984 (p.358); Brenning, 1985 a (p.28, Table 2); 1986 (p.14, Rem.); Brinton & al., 1986 (p.228, Table 1); Lozano Soldevilla & al., 1988 (p.59); Heinrich, 1990 (p.18); Suarez & al., 1990 (tab.2); Madhupratap & Haridas, 1990 (p.305, fig.3: vertical distribution night/day; fig.7: cluster); Scotto di Carlo & al., 1991 (p.271); Suarez & Gasca, 1991 (tab.2); Suarez, 1992 (App.1); Shih & Young,1995 (p.67); Suarez-Morales & Gasca, 1998 a (p108); Hure & Krsinic, 1998 (p.102); Holmes, 2001 (p.10); Vukanic, 2003 (p.139, tab.1); Kasmi, 2004 (p.227); Hwang al., 2007 (p.23); Dur & al., 2007 (p.197, Table IV); Morales-Ramirez & Suarez-Morales, 2008 (p.517); Galbraith, 2009 (pers. comm.); Williamson & McGowan, 2010 (p.273, Table 3, Pacific central gyres: N and S); Schnack-Schiel & al., 2010 (p.2064, Table 2: E Atlantic subtropical/tropical); Mazzocchi & Di Capua, 2010 (p.423); Medellin-Mora & Navas S., 2010 (p.265, Tab. 2); Tutasi & al., 2011 (p.791, Table 2, abundance distribution vs La Niña event); in CalCOFI regional list (MDO, Nov. 2013; M. Ohman, pers. comm.); Benedetti & al., 2016 (p.159, Table I, fig.1, functional characters); El Arraj & al., 2017 (p.272, table 2); Belmonte, 2018 (p.273, Table I: Italian zones)

Distribution

NZ: 18

Distribution map of Augaptilus longicaudatus by geographical zones

Distribution map of Augaptilus longicaudatus for the Zone Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea

Distribution map of Augaptilus longicaudatus for the Zone Indian Ocean

Distribution map of Augaptilus longicaudatus for the Zone China Seas, Vietnam

Additional Maps & Charts

Map 5 Issued from : M. Madhupratap & P. Haridas in J. Plankton Res., 12 (2). [p.310, Fig.3].
Vertical distribution of calanoid copepod (mean +1 SE), abundance No/100 m³. 1- Augaptilus longicaudatus.
Night: shaded, day: unshaded.
Samples collected from 6 stations located off Cochin (India), SE Arabian Sea, November 1983, with a Multiple Closing Plankton Net (mesh aperture 300 µm), in vertical hauls at 4 depth intervalls (0-200, 200-400, 400-600, 600-1000 m).

Localisations

Geographical glossary

South Africa (E), off E Tristan da Cunha, off N Ste Helena Is., G. of Guinea, off NE St. Paul is., Cape Verde Is., off Morocco-Mauritania, Moroccan cvoast, Canary Is., off Madeira, off Amazon, Barbada Is., Caribbean Colombia, Caribbean Sea, G. of Mexico, Florida, Sargasso Sea, off Bermuda (Station "S"), off New Jersey, off W Ireland, Faroe, S Iceland, Bay of Biscay, off W Cabo Finisterre, Ibero-morocco Bay, Medit. (Alboran Sea, Balearic Sea, Banyuls, Monaco, Napoli, Messina, Malta, Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea, Leebanon Basin), Arabian Sea, Maldives Is., Natal, Indian, Indonesia-Malaysia, Philippines, China Seas (East China Sea, South China Sea), Taiwan (S), Japan (Izu), Pacif. (W equatorial), Australia (Great Barrier), New Zealand, Tasman Sea, off W Kermadec Is., Pacif. (equatorial), Pacif. (N central subtropical), Pacific (central gyres: N and S,) off N Hawaii, Vancouver Is., California, G of California, W Costa Rica, NE Marquesas Is., SW Galapagos, N Easter Is., off Peru, Galapagos-Ecuador, off W Costa Rica, Pacif. (SE tropical), N Chile

Quotations

N: 78

Dimensions (mm)

References of the authors concerning dimensions

(1) F: 3,6; (11) F: 3,667; (16) F: 4,03-3,5; M: 3,8-3,25; (22) F: 3,85-3,6; M: 3,35-3,2; (24) F: 5,9-4,5; M: 4,8; (34) F: 3,72; (35) F: 2,16-2,04; (38) F: 4,3-3,7; M: 3,76-3,6; (46) F: 3,85-3,7; M: 3,35-3,2; (69) F: 3,82; (90) F: 4,07-3,22; (101) F: 3,6; (142) M: 3,39; (199) F: 3,88-3,34; M: 3,65-3,27; (315) F: 3,98; (449) F: 3,85-3,7; M: 3,35-3,2; (1108) F: 3,8; {F: 2,04-5,90; M: 3,20-4,80}

The mean female size is 3.735 mm (n = 25; SD = 0.7017), and the mean male size is 3.512 mm (n = 14; SD = 0.4245). If the specimens size from Farran (1929), is excluded because the body size very different, we obtain: 3.877 mm (n = 23; SD = 0.5221; therefore the size ratio (male : female) is 0.91.

Remarks

epi-meso-bathypelagic. Known to occur at a depth between 750 and 1000 m, but usually higher up, often in the upperlost 200 m, and taken at the surface in a night sample. Overall Depth Range in Sargasso Sea: 500-2000 m (Deevey & Brooks, 1977, Station "S");
The variations in size appear considerable (cf. Farran, 1908 b) which seems not surprising, taking into account the sampling depths. Sewell (1947, p.232) notes: off the Irish coast Farran obtained examples as large as 4.5-5.9 mm, which showed certain dufferences in the number of setae on the terminal segments of Mxp.
According to Vervoort (1965, p.130) and Mazzocchi & al. (1995, p.25) it seems to be difficult to separate this form and Augaptilus glacialis (see remarks to the latter).
For Itoh (1970 a, fig.2, from co-ordonates) the Itoh's index value from mandibular gnathobase = 1450.

See remarks in Augaptilus glacialis.

Last update : 25/10/2022

Contributor Remarks

to add your remark