Haloptilus ocellatus - Species Card - Marine Planktonic Copepods

Haloptilus ocellatus Wolfenden, 1905 (F,M)

Taxonomy

Order Calanoida

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Superfamily Arietelloidea

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Family Augaptilidae

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Genus Haloptilus

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Abbreviations or symbols

References

List of the studied authors

Wolfenden, 1905 a (p.14, Descr.F, fig.F); 1911 (p.324, Rem.); Brady, 1918 (p.28, figs.F: defective); Farran, 1929 (p.209, 268); Sewell, 1948 (p.575); Vervoort, 1951 (p.143, Rem.); 1957 (p.138, Rem.); Tanaka, 1960 (p.54, figs.F); Bradford, 1971 b (p.26, Descr.M, figs.F,M, Rem.); Matthews, 1972 (p.51); Park, 1988 (p.4, Redescr.F, figs.F, Rem.); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.883, 941, figs.F,M); Cheng F. & al., 2013 (p.119, molecular biology, GenBank)

Figures

Plate 1 issued from : T. Park in Antarct. Res. Ser. Washington, 1988, 47. [p.8, Fig.3].
Female: a, habitus (dorsal); b, idem (lateral right side); c, last thoracic segment and urosome (lateral right side); d, urosome (dorsal); e, forehead (ventral); f, idem (lateral); g, A2; h, Md; i, Md (biting edge).

Nota: Prosome about 6 times length of urosome. Rostrum with 2 rather small filaments. Spermatheca large and in lateral view somewhat elongate in a dorsal direction. Caudal rami nearly as long as combined lengths of 3 preceding urosomal segments.

Species Haloptilus ocellatus - Plate 2 of morphological figures

Plate 2 issued from : T. Park in Antarct. Res. Ser. Washington, 1988, 47. [p.9, Fig.4].
Female: a, Mx1; b, Mx2; c, Mxp; d, P1 (anterior); e, P2 (anterior); f, P3 (anterior); g, P4 (anterior); h, P5 (anterior).

Mx2: 1st to 6th protopodal lobes with 3+2+2+2+2+3 setae; one of the setae on 5th and 6th lobes more or less sickle-shaped; endopod with 7 setae.

Species Haloptilus ocellatus - Plate 3 of morphological figures

Plate 3 issued from : R.N. Wolfenden in Plankton Studies Part I. Copepoda. 1905 [Pl.V].
Female : habitus (dorsal).

Species Haloptilus ocellatus - Plate 4 of morphological figures

Plate 4 issued from : J.M. Bradford-Grieve, E.L. Markhaseva & C.E.F. Rocha & B. Abiahy in South Atlantic Zooplankton, Edit. D. Boltovskoy. 1999. Vol.2. Copepoda. [p.1043, Fig. 7.275].
Female: Mx1.

Species Haloptilus ocellatus - Plate 5 of morphological figures

Plate 5 Issued from : J.M. Bradford in N.Z. Oceanogr. Inst., 1971, 206, Part 8, No 59. [p.26, Fig.111-118].
Male (from Ross Sea): 111, habitus (dorsal); 112, A2; 113, Mx1; 114, Mx2; 115, Mxp; 116, P2; 117, P3; 118, P4.
Scale bar: 1 mm (Fig.11); 100 µm (on the rest).

Nota: Cephalosome and 1st thoracic segment separate, 4th and 5th thoracic segments fused.
A2 with small 7-segmented exopod attached near base basis (this limb not quite as slender as in H. oxycephalus).
Mx2 and Mxp like those of H. oxycephalus.
P1-4 like those of H. oxycephalus. ''Glandular pores'' (also present in H. oxycephalus) occur on swimming legs. Extra pore on a 2nd exopodal segment of P3 and a 3rd exopodal segment of P4.
Terminal exopodal spine in H. ocellatus proportionally shorter with respect to 3rd exopodal segment segment than in H. oxycephalus. All exopod external spines bordered with minute teeth.
P5 similar to that of H. oxycephalus with small differences.

Species Haloptilus ocellatus - Plate 6 of morphological figures

Plate 6 Issued from : J.M. Bradford in N.Z. Oceanogr. Inst., 1971, 206, Part 8, No 59. [p.27, Fig.119].
Male (from Ross Sea): 119, right A1.
Scale bar: 100 µm.

Nota: Right A1 25-segmented, reaches anal segment

Species Haloptilus ocellatus - Plate 7 of morphological figures

Plate 7 Issued from : J.M. Bradford in N.Z. Oceanogr. Inst., 1971, 206, Part 8, No 59. [p.25, Figs.104-108].
Male (from Ross Sea): 104, P1; 105, left Md (gnathobase); 106, right Md (gnathobase); 107, P5; 108, Md (palp)
Scale bar: 100 µm.

Nota: Md with strong anterior tooth and 2-3 weaker posterior teeth. Left Md of H. oxycephalus differs in having a shorter anterior tooth. Palp with 2 setae on endopod segment 1, 7 setae and patch of hairs on 2nd endopodal segment.
Mx1 very like that of H. oxycephalus and not as in Vervoort (1957). Only observable difference was in number of setae on terminal part of endopod: H. oxycephalus has 3 large and 2 small setae, whereas H. ocellatus bears 3 small and 1 large setae

Plate 8 Issued from : J.M. Bradford in N.Z. Oceanogr. Inst., 1971, 206, Part 8, No 59. [p.25, Figs.109-110].
Female (from Ross Sea): 109, left Md (edge of gnathobase); 110, right Md (edge of gnathobase).
Scale bar: 100 µm.

Species Haloptilus ocellatus - Plate 9 of morphological figures

Plate 9 Issued from : O. Tanaka in Spec. Publs. Seto mar. biol. Lab., 10, 1960 [Pl. XXIV, 1-5].
Female (from 67°03'S, 40°44'E): 1, forehead (dorsal); 2, abdomen (dorsal); 3, Md (palp and gnathobase); 4, Mx1; 5, P5.
Same scale in figs. 3, 4 and 5.

Nota: The characteristic black eye spot on the back was not observed in the specimen. The body was soft-skined and hyaline.

Complementary References

List of the studied authors

Hardy & Gunther, 1935 (1936) (p.182, Rem.: rare); Baker, 1954 (p.203, 211, fig.5); Murano, 1965 (p.91, Rem.: p.123); Hopkins, 1985 (p.197, Table 1, gut contents); Zmijewska, 1987 (tab.2a); Hopkins & Torres, 1988 (tab.1); Rau & al., 1991 (p.1, isotopic forms vs feeding); Hosie & Cochran, 1994 (tab.2, fig.2); Fransz & Gonzalez, 1997 (p.395, weight-length, biomass v.s. N-S transect, as ocellata); Voronina & Kolosova, 1999 (p.71); Razouls & al., 2000 (p.343, tab. 3, 5, Appendix); Li & al., 2001 (p.894, tab.1); Schnack-Schiel & al., 2008 (p.1045: Tab.2); Park & Ferrari, 2009 (p.143, Table 3, 7: common deepwater species, fig.1, Appendix 1, biogeography); Yang & al., 2011 a (p.921, Table 2, inter-annual variation 1999-2006); Michels & al., 2012 (p.369, Table 1, occurrence frequency); Kouwenberg & al., 2014 (p.290, biogeography, Map 5)

Distribution

NZ: 3

Distribution map of Haloptilus ocellatus by geographical zones

Distribution map of Haloptilus ocellatus for the Zone Antarctic and for the Zone Sub-Antarctic

Additional Maps & Charts

Map 3 issued from A. de C. Baker in 'Discovery' Rep., 1954, 27. [p.215, Fig.5].
Occurrence of Haloptilus ocellatus in all longitudes around Antarctic zone of the Southern Ocean.
The percentage frequency of occurrence in samples taken within every 20° of longitude.

Nota: During the 'Discovery' investigations some thousands of plankton samples have been taken from stations spread over the whole of the Southern Ocean at all seasons of the year, the majority south of the Antarctic Convergence. An arbitrary selection of samples has been made from hauls between the surface and a depth of 250 m, which means that they have been taken from within the limits of the Antarctic surface water.

Map 4 Issued from : E.T. Park & F.D. Ferrari in A selection from Smithsonian at the Poles Contributions to International Polar year. I. Krupnik, M.A. Lang and S.E. Miller, eds., Publs. by Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington DC., 2009. [p.165, Fig.1]
Distribution of selected pelagic calanoids Haloptilus ocellatus of the Southern Ocean and the closest relative.

Species Haloptilus ocellatus - Distribution map 5

Map 5 Issued from : J.H.M. Kouwenberg, C. Razouls & N. Desreumaux in Biogeographic Atlas of the Southern Ocean, Scient. Comm. Antarct. Res., Cambridge, 2014, 6.6. [p.291, Map 5].
Distribution of Haloptilus ocellatus.

Localisations

Geographical glossary

Antarct. (Croker Passage, Peninsula, Weddell Sea, SW Atlant., Indian, SW & SE Pacif., Ross Sea, Prydz Bay), South Georgia, sub-Antarct. (SW & SE Pacif.), Atlant. (SW & SE)

Quotations

N: 37

Dimensions (mm)

References of the authors concerning dimensions

(25) F: 8,55-7,2; (35) F: 8,5-8,2; (66) F: ± 7,9; (102): F: 8,3; M: 4,1; (312) F: 8,55-7,95; {F: 7,20-8,55; M: 4,10}

Remarks

epi-mesopelagic. Known to occur in the uppermost 100 m and down to below 500 m (Matthews, 1972). Sampling depth (Antarct., sub-Antarct.): 50-1000 m.
For Vervoort (1951, p.144) the black eye spot on the back; the exceptional size (8.2-8.5 mm) and the pointed forehead make the species recognizable at a glance; in the living state the animal is perfectly hyaline and the black spot on the back is the only visible part of the body. It is usually found in hauls made in superficial waters; it occurs in two surface night hauls made in ice covered sea (66°58'S, 16°03'.5W)
For Park (1988, p.8) this species is characteristic Antractic circumpolar. See remarks in Park (1980, p.12, 14). to H. oxycephalus

Last update : 13/11/2015

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