Centropages gracilis - Species Card - Marine Planktonic Copepods

Centropages gracilis Dana, 1849 (F,M)

Taxonomy

Order Calanoida

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Superfamily Diaptomoidea

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Family Centropagidae

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Genus Centropages

details list species for this Genus

Abbreviations or symbols

Synonymy

Hemicalanus gracilis Dana, 1849

References

List of the studied authors

Giesbrecht, 1892 (p.305, 321, 771, figs.F,M); Giesbrecht & Schmeil, 1898 (p.57, Rem. F,M); Thompson & Scott, 1903 (p.234, 247); Wolfenden, 1905 (1906) (p.1013, figs.F); A. Scott, 1909 (p.114, Rem.); Wolfenden, 1911 (p.356); Sewell, 1914 a (p.223); Rose, 1929 (p.32: Rem.); Farran, 1936 a (p.108): Mori, 1937 (1964) (p.62, figs.F,M); Dakin & Colefax, 1940 (p.92, figs.F); Pesta, 1943 (p.24, figs.F,M); Sewell, 1947 (p.163, Rem.); C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.187, fig.M); Chiba, 1956 (p.57, figs.F,M); Chiba & al., 1957 (p.308); 1957 a (p.11); Tanaka, 1960 (p.46); Grice, 1962 (p.218, figs.F,M, Rem.); Brodsky, 1962 c (p.126, figs.F,M); Tanaka, 1963 (p.8, Rem.F,M); Kasturirangan, 1963 (p.33, 35, figs.F,M); Vervoort, 1964 b (p.309); Chen & Zhang, 1965 (part., p.75, figs.F,M); Saraswathy, 1966 (1967) (p.78); Vidal, 1968 (p.37, figs.F,M); Marques, 1976 (p.994, fig.M); Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.644, figs.F,M); Chihara & Murano, 1997 (p.766, Pl.83,86: F,M); Mulyadi, 1998 (p.62, figs.F,M); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.884, 950, figs.F,M); Conway & al., 2003 (p.118, figs.F,M, Rem.); Mulyadi, 2004 (p.130, figs.F,M, Rem.); Phukham, 2008 (p.70, figs.F,M);

Figures

Plate 1 issued from : Brodsky K.A. in Issled. dal'nevost. Morei SSSR, 1962, 8. [Fig.30, p.129].
Female: a, habitus (dorsal view); b, idem (lateral view); c, urosome (ventral view); d, urosome (left lateral view); e, P5.

Male: f, habitus (dorsal view); P5 (L: left; R: right).

Species Centropages gracilis - Plate 2 of morphological figures

Plate 2 issued from : Grice G.D. in Fishery Bull. Fish Wildl. Serv. U.S., 1962, 61 (186). [Plate 23, Figs. 1-3].
Female: 1, P5.

Male: 2, habitus (dorsal view); 3, P5.

Species Centropages gracilis - Plate 3 of morphological figures

Plate 3 issued from : Mulyadi in The Raffles Bull. Zool., 1998, 46 (1). [Fig.5, p.63].
Female (from 07°29'S, 121°05'E): a, habitus (dorsal view); b, genital complex (ventral view); c, P5.
Nota: Genital complex with spinules on lateral margin of right side; urosomal segment 2 with distinct knob-like projection on lateral margins, surface of each knob covered with fine short spinules, ventral surface bearing a rounded process. Caudal rami symmetrical, about 3 times longer than wide.

Male: d, habitus (dorsal view); e, Th5 and urosome (dorsal view); f, P5.
Nota: Left A1 reaching distal end of caudal rami by last 3 segments, middle part of right A1 slender. Caudal rami about 4 times as long as wide.

Species Centropages gracilis - Plate 4 of morphological figures

Plate 4 issued from : Chen Q.-C. & Zhang S.-Z. in Studia Marina Sinica, 1965, 7. [Plate 26, p.75].
Female: 8, habitus (dorsal view); 9, 1st and 2nd segment of the urosome (ventral view); 10, P5 (posterior view).

Male: 11, habitus (dorsal view); 12, P5 (anterior view).

Species Centropages gracilis - Plate 5 of morphological figures

Plate 5 issued from : Mori T. in The pelagic Copepoda from the neighbouring waters of Japan. S. Shirai ed., Tokyo, 1937; 2nd edit. 1964. [Pl. 31, Figs.1-7].
Female: 5, urosome (ventral view); 6, P5; 7, habitus (dorsal view).

Male: 1, habitus (dorsal view); 2, right A1; 3, P5; 4, exodal segments 2 & 3 of right P5.

Species Centropages gracilis - Plate 6 of morphological figures

Plate 6 issued from: Q.-c Chen & S.-z. Zhang in Studia Marina Sinica, 1965, 7. [Pl.26, 8-12].
Female (from E China Sea): 8, habitus (dorsal); ; 9, 1st and 2nd urosomal segments (ventral); 10, P5 (posterior).

Male: 11, habitus (dorsal); 12, P5 (anterior).

Species Centropages gracilis - Plate 7 of morphological figures

Plate 7 issued from : G.D. Grice in Fish. Bull. Fish and Wildl. Ser., 1962, 61. [p.219, Pl.23, Figs.1-3].
Female (from equatorial Pacific): 1, P5.
Nota: Spines on the sides on the 2nd abdominal segment.
Short spine-like protrusions on the inner sides of the 2nd exopodal segments of P5.

Male: 2, habitus (dorsal); 3, P5.
Nota: The thumb of the chela of right P5 has a pronounced triangular protrusion.

Species Centropages gracilis - Plate 8 of morphological figures

Plate 8 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.17, Fig.46].
Female: 46, exopod of P5 (posterior view).

Species Centropages gracilis - Plate 9 of morphological figures

Plate 9 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.17, Figs.31, 32].
Male: 31, exopod of left P5 (posterior view); 32, exopod of right P5 (posterior view).

Species Centropages gracilis - Plate 10 of morphological figures

Plate 10 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.38, Fig.4].
Male: 4, habiyus (dorsal).

Species Centropages gracilis - Plate 11 of morphological figures

Plate 11 Issued from : W. Giesbrecht in Systematik und Faunistik der Pelagischen Copepoden des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. – Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 1892, 19 , Atlas von 54 Tafeln. [Taf.38, Fig.13].
Female: uosome (ventral).

Species Centropages gracilis - Plate 12 of morphological figures

Plate 12 issued from : N. Phukham in Species diversity of calanoid copepods in Thai waters, Andaman Sea (Master of Science, Univ. Bangkok). 2008. [p.152, Fig.26].
Female (from W Malay Peninsula): a, habitus (dorsal); b, P5; c, urosome (dorsal); d, same (lateral, left side).

Male: e, habitus (dorsal); f, P5.

Body length after the drawings: F = 1.978 mm; M = 1.733 mm.

Species Centropages gracilis - Plate 13 of morphological figures

Plate 13 Issued from : M.C. Kos in Field guide for plankton. Zool Institute USSR Acad., Vol. I, 1972. After Brodsky, 1962.
Female: 1-3, habitus (dorsal and lateral, respectively); 3, abdomen (dorsal); 4, same (lateral); 5, P5.
Male: 6, habitus (dorsal); 7, P5.

Complementary References

List of the studied authors

Sewell, 1932 (p.229); Yamazi, 1958 (p.149, Rem.); Ganapati & Shanthakumari, 1962 (p.8, 15); Gaudy, 1963 (p.26, Rem.); De Decker, 1964 (p.15, 20, 28); De Decker & Mombeck, 1964 (p.11); Furuhashi, 1966 a (p.295, vertical distribution in Kuroshio region, Table 9); Grice & Hulsemann, 1967 (p.17); Fleminger, 1967 a (tabl.1); Delalo, 1968 (p.138); Timonin, 1971 (p.281, trophic group); Deevey, 1971 (p.224); Björnberg, 1973 (p.385); Carter, 1977 (1978) (p.36); Madhu Pratap & al., 1977 (p.138, Table 3: abundance vs. stations); Chen Q-c, 1980 (p.794); Dessier, 1983 (p.89, Tableau 1, Rem., %); De Decker, 1984 (p.316, 341: carte); Guangshan & Honglin, 1984 (p.118, tab.); Madhupratap & Haridas, 1986 (p.105, tab.1); Brinton & al., 1986 (p.228, Table 1); M. Lefèvre, 1986 (p.33); Renon, 1987 (tab.2); Hernandez-Trujillo, 1989 a (tab.1); Othman & al., 1990 (p.561, 563, 565, Table 1); Hirakawa & al., 1990 (tab.3); Yoo, 1991 (tab.1); Shih & Young, 1995 (p.69); Ohtsuka & al., 1996 b (p.153, Rem.: p.166, diet); Park & Choi, 1997 (Appendix); Padmavati & al., 1998 (p.349); Noda & al., 1998 (p.55, Table 3, occurrence); Hwang & al., 1998 (tab.II); Suarez-Morales & Gasca, 1998 a (p109); Lavaniegos & Gonzalez-Navarro, 1999 (p.239, Appx.1); Neumann-Leitao & al., 1999 (p.153, tab.2); Fernandez-Alamo & al., 2000 (p.1139, Appendix); Suarez-Morales & al., 2000 (p.751, tab.1); Lo & al., 2001 (1139, tab.I); Shimode & Shirayama, 2004 (tab.2); Hsiao & al., 2004 (p.325, tab.1); Lan & al., 2004 (p.332, tab.1); Lo & al.*, 2004 (p.218, fig.6); Gallienne & al., 2004 (p.5, tab.3); Zuo & al., 2006 (p.162: tab.1); Hwang & al., 2006 (p.943, tab.I); Lavaniegos & Jiménez-Pérez, 2006 (p.138, tab.2, 3, Rem.); Rakhesh & al., 2006 (p.93, Table 2, spatial distribution); Dur & al., 2007 (p.197, Table IV); Khelifi-Touhami & al., 2007 (p.327, Table 1); Jitlang & al., 2008 (p.65, Table 1); Lan Y.C. & al., 2008 (p.61, Table 1, % vs stations); Neumann-Leitao & al., 2008 (p.799: Tab.II, fig.6); Fernandes, 2008 (p.465, Tabl.2); Ayon & al., 2008 (p.238, Table 4: Peruvian samples); C.-Y. Lee & al., 2009 (p.151, Tab.2); Lan Y.-C. & al., 2009 (p.1, Table 2, % vs hydrogaphic conditions); W.-B. Chang & al., 2010 (p.735, Table 2, abundance); Hsiao S.H. & al., 2011 (p.475, Appendix I); Maiphae & Sa-ardrit, 2011 (p.641, Table 2); Tutasi & al., 2011 (p.791, Table 2, abundance distribution vs La Niña event); Mulyadi & Rumengan, 2012 (p.202, Rem.: p.204); in CalCOFI regional list (MDO, Nov. 2013; M. Ohman, comm. pers.); Hirai & al., 2013 (p.1, Table I, molecular marker); Palomares-Garcia & al., 2018 (p.178, Table 1: occurrence)

Distribution

NZ: 16

Distribution map of Centropages gracilis by geographical zones

Distribution map of Centropages gracilis for the Zone Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea

Distribution map of Centropages gracilis for the Zone Indian Ocean

Distribution map of Centropages gracilis for the Zone China Seas, Vietnam

Localisations

Geographical glossary

South Africa (E & W), off Tristan da Cunha NE, Congo, ? Azores, Brazil, off Natal, off Bermuda, Medit. (N Tunisia), Red Sea, Indian, Arabian Sea, G. of Aden, Laccadive Is., Agatti Is., Maldive Is., Sri Lanka, Mascarene Basin, Natal, Madagascar (Nosy Bé), Rodrigues Is. - Seychelles, India (Lawson's Bay), Bay of Bengal, W Malay Peninsula (Andaman Sea), Indonesia-Malaysia, Flores Sea, Philippines, Hong Kong, China Seas (Yellow Sea, East China Sea, South China Sea), Taiwan Strait, Taiwan (E, SW, NW), S Korea, Japan (Kuchinoerabu Is., Tanabe Bay), California, W Baja California, La Paz (Mexico) Pacif. (W equatorial), Australia (G. of Carpentaria, Great Barrier, New South Wales), Moorea Is., Bikini, Hawaii, Galapagos-Ecuador, W Mexico, G. of Tehuantepec, Clipperton Is., Ecuador, Peru, N Chile

Quotations

N: 104 (Atlant. S: 7; Atlant. N: 2; W Medit.: 1; Red Sea: 1; Indian: 34; Indonesia-Malaysia: 6; Pacif.: 52)

Dimensions (mm)

References of the authors concerning dimensions

(26) F: 2,07-1,93; M: 1,95-1,79; (34) F: 2,04-1,92; (47) F: 1,85; M: 1,8; (66) F: 2,05; (78) F: 1,8-1,7; M: 1,7; (101) F: 2,01-1,9; M: 2,04; 1,84; (104) F: 2; (150) F: 1,92-1,87; M: 1,9; (187) F: 2,16; M: 2,03; (290) F: 1,95-1,85; M: 1,8-1,7; (333) F: 1,85; M: 1,81; (530) F: 2; (776) F: 1,85; M: 1,8-1,75; (786) F: 1,88-1,85; (991) F: 1,85-2; M: 1,81-2,04; (1122) F: 1,85; M: 1,75; {F: 1,70-2,16; M: 1,70-2,04}

Remarks

epiplagic. Coastal.
Timonin (1971, p.282) considers the trophic interrelations in the equatorial and tropical Indian Ocean, and divides the plankters into 6 trophic groups from the litterature and the results of studies of mouth-parts structure and intestine content. This species is omnivorous.
Khelifi-Touhami & al. (2007) note the occurrence of this species for the first time in the western Mediterranean Sea (El Kala shelf, Tunisia);

See in DVP Conway & al., 2003 (version 1)

Last update : 12/11/2020

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