Euchaeta pubera - Species Card - Marine Planktonic Copepods

Euchaeta pubera Sars, 1907 (F,M1)

Taxonomy

Order Calanoida

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Superfamily Clausocalanoidea

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Family Euchaetidae

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Genus Euchaeta

details list species for this Genus

Abbreviations or symbols

Synonymy

no E. pubera (M) : C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.216, Rem.M, figs.M);
Pareuchaeta pubera : Heinrich, 1990 (p.17);
Paraeuchaeta pubera : Bradford & al., 1983 (p.49, figs.F,M, Rem.); in CalCOFI regional list (MDO, Nov. 2013; M. Ohman, comm. pers.); Lidvanov & al., 2013 (p.290, Table 2, % composition)

References

List of the studied authors

Sars, 1907 a (p.13); Sars, 1925 (p.109, figs.F); Farran, 1929 (p.208, 238, Rem.); Rose, 1933 a (p.116, figs.F); Lysholm & al., 1945 (p.22); C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.215, Rem.F, fig.F, non M); Tanaka, 1958 (p.330, figs.F); Furnestin, 1960 a (p.144); Vervoort, 1963 b (p.166, Rem.); Park, 1968 (p.552, Rem.F); Tanaka, 1973 (p.137, figs.F,M, Rem.); Park, 1975 c (p.6, Descr. M, figs.F, M, Rem.); Park, 1995 (p.26, Redescr.F, M, figs.F,M); Mauchline, 1999 (n°182, p.8, figs.F,M); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.880, 924, figs.F); Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.119: fig.M); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.652, figs.F,M, Rem.)

Figures

Plate 1 issued from : T. Park in Bull. Scripps Inst. Oceanogr. Univ. California, San Diego, 1995, 29. [p.127, Fig.17].
Female: a, forehead (left side); b, urosome (left side); c, genital somite (left side); d, idem (dorsal view); e, idem (right side); f, caudal rami (ventral view); g, spinulose seta of Mx2; h, coxa of Mxp. (posterior view); i, first leg (anterior view); ; j, second leg (anterior view).
male: k, forehead (left side); l, exopod of left fifth leg (anterior view, tilted counterclockwise); m, idem (medial); n, idem (medial, tilted clockwise).

Species Euchaeta pubera - Plate 2 of morphological figures

Plate 2 issued from : O. Tanaka in Publs Seto Mar. Biol. Lab., 1958, VI (3). [p.331, Fig.63].
Female: a, habitus (dorsal); b, forehead (lateral left side); c, last thoracic segment and urosome (lateral left side); d, genital somite (lateral right side); e, P2.
Nota: The urosome segments and furca are in the proportional lengths as 43:17:17:4:19 = 100.

Species Euchaeta pubera - Plate 3 of morphological figures

Plate 3 Issued from : G.O. Sars in Résult. Camp. Scient. Prince Albert I, 69, pls.1-127 (1924). [Pl.XXX, figs.16-18]. As Euchaeta scabra.
Female: 16, habitus (dorsal); 17, forehead (lateral); 18, urosome (lateral left side).

Species Euchaeta pubera - Plate 4 of morphological figures

Plate 4 issued from : J. Mauchline in ICES Ident. Leafl. Plankton, 1999, N°182. [p.3, Fig.2: 5a-5b].
Female (Northeast Atlantic): 5a, genital double-somite (right side); 5b, same (left side).

Plate 5 issued from : J. Mauchline in ICES Ident. Leafl. Plankton, 1999, N°182. [p.4, Fig.3: 5c].
Male (Northeast Atlantic): 5c, terminal two segments, exopodal segments of left P5.

Species Euchaeta pubera - Plate 6 of morphological figures

Plate 6 issued from : J.M. Bradford, L. Haakonssen & J.B. Jillett in Mem. N.Z. Oceanogr. Inst., 1983, 90. [p.50, Fig.26]. As Paraeuchaeta pubera.
Female (30°26'S; 178°15'W): A, habitus (lateral left side); B-D, genital segment (dorsal, lateral right side, lateral left side, respectively); E, apical seta of Mx2; F, exopod of P1; G, exopod segment 3 of P2.
Nota: - P1 exopod female: Bb ± BC; Cc > BC.
- P2 exopod female: Aa = AB + 1/2 Bb; Bb < 1/2 BC; Cc = 1/3 CD; Dd = 1/3 CD. (see code of lengths outer spines in the Genus' figure, or in Paraeuchaeta sp. A).

Male: H, P5; I, anterior view of terminal part of left P5 exopod; J, medial view of terminal part of left P5 exopod.
Nota: - P1 exopod male: Bb = 1/2 BC; Cc > 1/2 BC.
- P2 exopod male: Aa = 1/2 AB; Bb = 1/3 BC; Cc = 1/4 CD; Dd = 1/4 CD. (see code of lengths outer spines in the Genus' figure, or in Paraeuchaeta sp. A).;

Nota: The south-west Pacific specimens have geniculate caudal setae about 3 times as long as the marginal caudal setae. They have longer spines on P2 exopod sement 3, than those previously described.
The appendicular caudal setae of P. pubera are the object of disagreement; according to Vervoort (1957) those of the female are 3 times as long as the marginal setae, while for Tanaka (1958) they are 7 times as long.

Species Euchaeta pubera - Plate 7 of morphological figures

Plate 7 issued from : T. Park in Smiths. Contr. Zool., 1975, 196. [p.7, Fig.4, a-e].
Female (G. of Mexico): a, forehead (lateral); b, genital segment (ventral); c, same (left side); d, same (dorsal); e, same (right side).

Species Euchaeta pubera - Plate 8 of morphological figures

Plate 8 issued from : T. Park in Smiths. Contr. Zool., 1975, 196. [p.7, Fig.4, f-p].
Male (G. of Mexico): f, g, habitus (dorsal and lateral, respectively); h, forehead (lateral); i, A2; j, Md; k, Mx1; l, Mxp; m, P1 (anterior view); n, P2 (anterior view); o, P5 (anterior view); p, exopod of left P5 (anterior); q, exopod of left P5 (medial).
dp = digitiform process.

The male described here represents the hitherto unknown male of this species, and no the male described by C.B. Wilson (1950).

Nota: Urosome about 2/5 length of prosome and covered wiyth hair.
Appendicular caudal setae geniculated and smaller than other caudal setae.
A1 reaching about distal end of 2nd urosomal segment.
A2 with reduced setae on coxa, basis and 1st endopodal segment.
Feeding apparatus of oral appendages reduced as usual in the genus.
Coxa of Mxp with 3 distal setae only.
Exopod of P1 3-segmented; last two segments each with an external spine.
Endopod of P2 with a short line representing a fused loint. Exopod with external spines of similar size.
P3 and P4 with 3-segmented endopods and exopods.
Distal exopodal segment of each P5 tapering in a long spiniform process. Serrated lamella of 2nd exopodal segment of left P5 nearly triangular in shape, with uniformly small teeth along most of internal margin and only middle portion of external margin (Fig.4p); digitiform process tapering into a slightly curved spiniform process (Fig.4q).

Species Euchaeta pubera - Plate 9 of morphological figures

Plate 9 issued from : O. Tanaka in I O B C Handbook, 1973, IV. [p.138, Fig.7, A].
Female (from S Indian Ocean): A, genital segment (lateral, left side).

Plate 10 issued from : O. Tanaka in I O B C Handbook, 1973, IV. [p.148, Fig.9: 6].
Female: 6, forehead (lateral);

Nota: Prominence of frontal organ low.

Species Euchaeta pubera - Plate 11 of morphological figures

Plate 11 issued from : O. Tanaka in I O B C Handbook, 1973, IV. [p.138, Fig.7, B-C].
Male: B, forehead (lateral); C, distal segment of left P5.

Plate 12 Euchaeta pubera Female:
1 - See Key to acuta species Group.
2 - Dorsally, genital somite nearly symmetrical.
3 - Laterally, rostrum triangular with wide base (Fig.17-a). Right genital flange tapering into curved spiniform process (Fig.17-e).

Complementary References

List of the studied authors

Sewell, 1948 (p.418, Rem.); Mazza, 1963 (p.570); Unterüberbacher, 1964 (p.23); Mazza, 1966 (p.70); Fleminger, 1967 a (tabl.1); Morris, 1970 (p.2300); Bainbridge, 1972 (p.61, Appendix Table III: occurrence); Roe, 1972 (p.277, tabl.1, tabl.2); Deevey & Brooks, 1977 (p.256, tab.2, Station "S"); Dessier, 1979 (p.205); Kovalev & Shmeleva, 1982 (p.83); Vives, 1982 (p.291); Petipa & Borichenko, 1985 (tab.1); Lozano Soldevilla & al., 1988 (p.58); Suarez Gasca, 1991 (tab.2); Suarez, 1992 (App.1); Suarez-Morales & Gasca, 1998 a (p.109); Mauchline, 1998 (tab.42); Neumann-Leitao & al., 1999 (p.153, tab.2); Fernandez-Alamo & al., 2000 (p.1139, Appendix); Beaugrand & al., 2002 (p.179, figs.5, 6); Neumann-Leitao & al., 2008 (p.799: Tab.II, fig.6); Williamson & McGowan, 2010 (p.273, Table 3, Pacific central gyres: N and S); Schnack-Schiel & al., 2010 (p.2064, Table 2: E Atlantic subtropical/tropical); Salah S. & al., 2012 (p.155, Tableau 1); Zizah & al., 2012 (p.79, Tableau I, Rem.: p.86); Zaafa & al., 2014 (p.67, Table I, occurrence); Belmonte, 2018 (p.273, Table I: Italian zones)

Distribution

NZ: 15

Distribution map of Euchaeta pubera by geographical zones

Distribution map of Euchaeta pubera for the Zone Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea

Distribution map of Euchaeta pubera for the Zone Indian Ocean

Localisations

Geographical glossary

Namibia, G. of Guinea, off Lagos, Dakar, off Cape Verde Is., off Morocco-Mauritania, Cap Ghir, Canary Is., off Madeira, Portugal, off Azores, Brazil (off Natal), off Bermuda: Station "S" (32°10'N, 64°30'W), G. of Mexico, Caribbean, off Delaware, off W Tangier, Medit. (Tyrrhenian Sea, Balearic Sea, E Basin), Indian Ocean, Philippines, Japan (Suruga Bay), New Zealand, off Australes Is., Pacif. (central subtropical N), Pacific (central gyres: N and S), California, G. of Tehuantepec, SE Pacif., off Peru

Quotations

N: 41

Dimensions (mm)

References of the authors concerning dimensions

(1) F: 4; (3) F: 4,2-3,9; and 3,48-2,86; (9): F: 4-3,7; (14) F: 4-3,85; (19) F: 3,28-4,12; M: 2,92-3,52; (35) F: 4,2-3,95; (72) F: 4,41-3,84; (98) F: 4,17-3,87; M: 3,69-3,43; (99) F: 3,75; (199) F: 4,26-3,88; (432) F: 4,73; {F: 2,86-4,73; M: 2,92-3,69}

The mean female size is 3.926 mm (n = 21; SD = 0.3944), and the mean male size is 3.390 (n = 4; SD = 0.3314). The size ratio (male: female) is 0.878, or ± 88 %. In samples, the sex ratio (female : male) is 6.

Remarks

epipelagic- ?. Sargasso Sea: 0-500 m (Deevey & Brooks, 1977, station "S");
For Park (1995, p.22) this species belongs to ‘’acuta ’’ Group. This species is distinct from the other species of the group by the presence in both the female and the male of fine hairs that densely cover the entire body surface, by the absence in both the female and the male of the posterior seta close to the proximal end of the Mxp coxa, and by the form of the female genital somite which is more symmetrical than in the others.
Park (1995, p.27) found this species off Delaware in the western North Atlantic, in the central south Pacific at 25°S, 155°W, and at 25°S, 165°E in the western South Pacific.

The initial figure in the data-base before 2013, pointed to from J.M. Bradford, L. Haakonssen & J.B. Jillett (1983) is an error. It was removed and replaced by the right figure (thanks very much for the remark).

Last update : 21/10/2022

Contributor Remarks

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By Claudia Castellani 2012-06-19 12:02:46 ( Citation of this remark )

Â just to inform you that the figure you have added for E. pubera (ref:Â J.M. Bradford, L. Haakonssen & J.B. JillettÂ inÂ Mem. N.Z. Oceanogr. Inst., 1983, 90. [p.50, Fig.26]. AsÂ Paraeuchaeta pubera.) is incorrect. Kind regards, Claudia Castellani