Species Card of Copepod
Calanoida ( Order )
    Clausocalanoidea ( Superfamily )
        Euchaetidae ( Family )
            Paraeuchaeta ( Genus )
Paraeuchaeta californica  (Esterly, 1906)   (F,M)
Syn.: Euchaeta californica Esterly, 1906 a (p.60, Descr.F, figs.F); Davis, 1949 (p.37, figs.F); Vervoort, 1957 (p.77); Fleminger, 1967 a (tabl.1); Grice & Hulsemann, 1967 (p.15); Park, 1977 (p.135, Redescr., figs.F,M); Gardner & Szabo, 1982 (p.260, figs.F,M, Rem.); Park, W & al., 2004 (p.464, tab.1);
Euchaeta dubia Esterly, 1906 a (p.63, Descr.M, figs.M); Grice & Hulsemann, 1968 (tab.2);
Pareuchaeta dubia : Brodsky, 1950 (p.222, figs.M);
no Paraeuchaeta californica : A. Scott, 1909 (p.71, figs.F); Sewell, 1929 (p.158);
no Pareuchaeta californica : Tanaka & Omori, 1968 (p.231);
Pareuchaeta californica : Brodsky, 1950 (1967) (p.211, figs.F); C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.277, figs.F,M); Guangshan & Honglin, 1984 (p.118, tab., Rem.: p.165);
Paraeuchaeta dubia: De Decker & Mombeck, 1964 (p.13)
Ref.:
Sewell, 1948 (p.556, 563); Bradford & al., 1983 (p.20, Rem.); Park, 1994 (p.320, 325); 1995 (p.54, Rem.F,M, figs.F,M)
Species Paraeuchaeta californica - Plate 1 of morphological figuresissued from : T. Park in Bull. Scripps Inst. Oceanogr. Univ. California, San Diego, 1995, 29. [p.157, Fig.47].
Female: a, forehead (left side); b, urosome (left); c, genital somite (left); d, outer lobe of Mx1; e, exopod of P1 (anterior); f, exopod of P2 (anterior).
Nota: Similar in habitus to P. calva but distinguishable from it.
Laterally, rostrum relatively large, pointing almost parallel to anterior dorsal margin of forehead; its anterior margin straight, beginning a short distance from suprafrontal sensilla.
Urosome relatively short.
Distal part of genital somite as measured from posterior end of genital flange about 1.9 times length of genital flange.

Male: g, forehead (left); h, distal exopodal segments of left 5th leg (lateral, tilted clockwise).


Species Paraeuchaeta californica - Plate 2 of morphological figuresissued from : T. Park in Crustaceana, 1977, 32 (2). [p.137, Fig.1]. From off San Diego
Female (32°51.5'N, 117°45'W): a, forehead (lateral; fe = frontal eminence); b, genital segment (lateral right side; gf = genital flange, pe posterior edge of genital field); c, genital segment (dorsal); d, genital field (ventral; gf = genital flange); e, outer lobe of Mx1; ; f, P1 (anterior view); g, exopod of P2 (anterior).
Nota: A1 reaching about to middle of genital segment. Outer coxal lobe of Mx1 with 7 large and 2 medium-siezd setae. None of 6 apical detae of Mx2 armed with long, widely separated spines in addition to fine spinules.

Male (27°34.5'N, 115°39'W): h, forehead (lateral); i, distal part of exopod of P2; j, distal part of exopod of left P5 (lateral; dp = digitiform process); k, idem (anterior); l, idem (medial).


Species Paraeuchaeta californica - Plate 3 of morphological figuresissued from : C.O. Esterly in Univ. Calif. Publs Zool., 3 (5). [Pl.IX, Fig.11]. As Euchaeta californica
Female (from San Diego, California): 11, forehead (lateral).


Species Paraeuchaeta californica - Plate 4 of morphological figuresissued from : C.O. Esterly in Univ. Calif. Publs Zool., 3 (5). [Pl.X, Figs.26, 34]. As Euchaeta californica
Female: 26, genital segment (ventral); 34, genital segment and last thoracic segment (lateral).


Species Paraeuchaeta californica - Plate 5 of morphological figuresissued from : C.O. Esterly in Univ. Calif. Publs Zool., 1906, 3 (5). [Pl.9, Fig.7]. As Euchaeta dubia.
Male (from San Diego, California): 7, forehead (lateral).


Species Paraeuchaeta californica - Plate 6 of morphological figuresissued from : C.O. Esterly in Univ. Calif. Publs Zool., 1906, 3 (5). [Pl.11, Fig.36]. As Euchaeta dubia.
Male: 36, last thoracic segment and genital segment (lateral, right side).


Species Paraeuchaeta californica - Plate 7 of morphological figuresissued from : C.O. Esterly in Univ. Calif. Publs Zool., 1906, 3 (5). [Pl.13, Fig.66]. As Euchaeta dubia.
Male: 66, distal portion of 2nd and 3rd segments of exopod of P2.


Species Paraeuchaeta californica - Plate 8 of morphological figuresissued from : C.O. Esterly in Univ. Calif. Publs Zool., 1906, 3 (5). [Pl.14, Figs.84, 85]. As Euchaeta dubia.
Male: 84, P5; 85, distal portion of 2nd segment of exopod of left P5.


Species Paraeuchaeta californica - Plate 9 of morphological figuresParaeuchaeta californica Female:
1 - See key to species Groups and independent species of Paraeuchaeta (p.30): malayensis species Group.
2 - Outer spine of 2nd exopodal segment (or the 2nd of the first 2 exopodal segments forming a proximal, compound segment) of P1 normally developed (Fig.47-e).
3 - Outer lobe of Mx1 with 7 large distal setae extending laterad and 2 medium-sized, densely plumose proximal setae extending proximad along lateral side of appendage (Fig.47-d).
4 - Genital segment without conspicuous conical processes on left side at anterior base of genital prominence.
5 - Laterally, rostrum spiniform (Fig.47-a).
6 - Laterally, posterior ventral wall of genital somite very long (Fig.47-c).
7 - Laterally, rostrum large with straight anterior margin (Fig.47-a).

Compl. Ref.:
Brinton & al., 1986 (p.228, Table 1); Suarez-Morales & Gasca, 1998 a (p.109); Galbraith, 2009 (pers. comm.); Park & Ferrari, 2009 (p.143, Table 8, biogeography); in CalCOFI regional list (MDO, Nov. 2013; M. Ohman, comm. pers.)
NZ: 4 + 3 doubtful

Distribution map of Paraeuchaeta californica by geographical zones
Species Paraeuchaeta californica - Distribution map 2
Chart of 1996
Loc:
Gulf of Alaska (Icery Strait), off Cape Flattery, off Oregon, California, Gulf of California, Central America, Pacif. equatorial (E & SE), [? South Africa (E) (in De Decker & Mombeck, 1964); ? Bay of Bengal (in Sewell, 1913, p.354), off Sri Lanka (in Sewell, 1929, p.158), SW Indian (in Grice & Hulsemann, 1967); Pacif. (W equatorial) (in Guangshan & Honglin, 1984); off Juan Fernandez Is., off S Chile (in Yamanaka, 1976, p.170)]
N: 9
Lg.:
(3) F: 8,2-7,6; M: 7,6-6,8; (17) F: 8; M: 7,8; (22) F: 8-7; M: 7,8; (396) F: 8,08-7,91; M: ± 7,5; {F: 7,00-8,20; M: 6,80-7,80}

The mean female size is 7.827 mm (n = 7; SD = 0.4093), and the mean male size is 7.500 mm (n = 5; SD = 0.4123). The size ratio (male : female) is 0.966 (n = 4; SD = 0.0559), or ± 96 %.
Rem.: mesopelagic depths of oceanic waters after Brinton & al., 1986 (p.245).
The locality records outside the Pacific are to be confirmed, the same for southern Chile and in the southern Chinese Sea.
Park (1995, p.55) found the species to range along Pacific coast of America between 38°N and 23°S; in the equatorial Pacific between 16°N and 3°S, its range was found to extend from the American coast westward up to 160°W.
Last update : 26/08/2019
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