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Famille
Arctokonstantinidae Markhaseva & Kosobokova, 2001
Ref.:
Markhaseva & Kosobokova, 2001 (p.319); Markhaseva, 2008 (p.9, 12, 15); Markhaseva & Schulz, 2008 a (p.279, Table 1, Rem., p.287); Blanco-Bercial & al., 2011 (p.103, Table 1, Fig.2, 3, 4, Biol. mol, phylogeny); Laakmann & al., 2019 (p.330, fig. 2, 3, phylogenetic relationships)
Rem.:
5 G.: Arctokonstantinus, Caudacalanus, Foxtonia, Foxtosognus, Sognocalanus.
Figures
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Planche 1
issued from : E.L. Markhaseva in Russian J. Mar. Biol., 2008, 34 (1). [p.15].
Details of armament of mouthparts and P1 in the family.
The table presents the most primitive condition of characters that has been revealed for the genus. Synapomorphies for genera placed into the family are shown in boldface.
Nota: The author concludes that Arctokonstantinus, Sognocalanus, Foxtonia, and Foxtosognus together comprise a monophyletic group of genera within the superfamily Spinocalanoidea. This group is characterized by reduction of the number of setae on mouthparts, the loss of seta on the basis and loss of the lobe of the endopod in P1, and, often, also by fusion together of the basis and endopod of Mx1. In addition, the following apomorphies have been revealed that distinguish the family Arctokonstantinidae: the basis of mandibular palp bears 1 or 2 setae (there are 3 to 4 setae in Spinocalanidae); the 1st segment of endopod of mandibular palp is lacking setae (there are 2 to 4 setae in Spinocalanodae); the distal endite of basis and endopod of Mx1 together bear 2 to 4 setae or are lacking setae (Foxtonia) (there are 8 to 21 setae in Spinocalanidae).
issued from : E.L. Markhaseva in Russian J. Mar. Biol., 2008, 34 (1). [p.15].
Details of armament of mouthparts and P1 in the family.
The table presents the most primitive condition of characters that has been revealed for the genus. Synapomorphies for genera placed into the family are shown in boldface.
Nota: The author concludes that Arctokonstantinus, Sognocalanus, Foxtonia, and Foxtosognus together comprise a monophyletic group of genera within the superfamily Spinocalanoidea. This group is characterized by reduction of the number of setae on mouthparts, the loss of seta on the basis and loss of the lobe of the endopod in P1, and, often, also by fusion together of the basis and endopod of Mx1. In addition, the following apomorphies have been revealed that distinguish the family Arctokonstantinidae: the basis of mandibular palp bears 1 or 2 setae (there are 3 to 4 setae in Spinocalanidae); the 1st segment of endopod of mandibular palp is lacking setae (there are 2 to 4 setae in Spinocalanodae); the distal endite of basis and endopod of Mx1 together bear 2 to 4 setae or are lacking setae (Foxtonia) (there are 8 to 21 setae in Spinocalanidae).
Genre
Ref.:
Markhaseva & Kosobokova, 2001 (p.320); Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.198); Markhaseva, 2008 (p.15, Rem.).
Rem.:
Type: Arctokonstantinus hardingi Markhaseva & Kosobokova, 2001. Total: 1 sp.
Considéré comme le type d'une nouvelle famille (Arctokonstantinidae) par Markhaseva & Kosobokova (2001, p.319), placé parmi les Spinocalanidae par Boxshall & Halsey (2004, p.196, 198). 1 sp.
Considéré comme le type d'une nouvelle famille (Arctokonstantinidae) par Markhaseva & Kosobokova (2001, p.319), placé parmi les Spinocalanidae par Boxshall & Halsey (2004, p.196, 198). 1 sp.
Remarques sur les dimensions et le sex-ratio
Body size in only one female: 4.1 mm. Male unknown
Figures
;)
Planche 1
Issued from : E.L. Markhaseva & K.N. Kosobokova in Sarsia, 2001, 86. [p.321, Fig.10, 12].
aem>Arctokonstantinus hardingi female: 10, mandibular gnathobase; 12, Maxilla.
Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
Specimen from Arctic Ocean (Nansen Basin at 81°13' N, 106°34' E) in a vertical haul from 3000-1000 m.
Nota: Maxilla is strongly transformed with distal endites attenuated into claw-like protrusions, setal equipment as follows: inner lobe 1 with 2 setae, inner lobe 2 with 2 thick short spines plus 1 thin seta, inner lobe 3 with 2 thick short spines, inner lobes 4 and 5 transformed into claw-like attenuations with 1 seta retained on each, distal part of limb with 4 setae. Mandibular gnathobae with 4 well developed teeth.
Relying on mouth part morphology the genus could be considered a predator.
Issued from : E.L. Markhaseva & K.N. Kosobokova in Sarsia, 2001, 86. [p.321, Fig.10, 12].
aem>Arctokonstantinus hardingi female: 10, mandibular gnathobase; 12, Maxilla.
Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
Specimen from Arctic Ocean (Nansen Basin at 81°13' N, 106°34' E) in a vertical haul from 3000-1000 m.
Nota: Maxilla is strongly transformed with distal endites attenuated into claw-like protrusions, setal equipment as follows: inner lobe 1 with 2 setae, inner lobe 2 with 2 thick short spines plus 1 thin seta, inner lobe 3 with 2 thick short spines, inner lobes 4 and 5 transformed into claw-like attenuations with 1 seta retained on each, distal part of limb with 4 setae. Mandibular gnathobae with 4 well developed teeth.
Relying on mouth part morphology the genus could be considered a predator.
Genre
Ref.:
Markhaseva & Schulz, 2008 a (p.278); Renz & Markhaseva, 2015 (p.96, Table 4, fig.3, biogeography)
Rem.:
Total: 2 spp.
Remarques sur les dimensions et le sex-ratio
The mean female size is 2.325 (n = 4; SD = 0.4992). Male unknown.
Genre
Ref.:
Hulsemann & Grice, 1963 (p.733); Razouls, 1982 (p.593); Fosshagen, 1983 (p.260); Razouls, 1993 (p.308); Mauchline, 1998 (p.66); Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.198); Markhaseva, 2008 (p.10, 15, 14, Rem.: p.12)
Rem.:
Inclus à l'origine, avec doute, dans la famille des Bathypontiidae. Pour Schulz (1996, p.599) ce genre pourrait être inclus parmi les Spinocalanidae. Position suivie par Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.196, Rem.), mais ce genre est considéré par Markhaseva (2008) comme appartenant à la famille des Arctokonstantinidae.
1 sp.
1 sp.
Genre
Ref.:
Markhaseva, 2008 (p.10, 14, 15)
Rem.:
1 sp.
Remarques sur les dimensions et le sex-ratio
The body size for only one female is 2.7 mm.
Genre
Ref.:
Fosshagen, 1967 (p.308, 313); Razouls, 1982 (p.594); Fosshagen, 1983 (p.260); Razouls, 1993 (p.309); Schulz, 1996 (p.599, Rem.); Mauchline, 1998 (p.87: F; p.90: M); Markhaseva & Kosobokova, 2001 (p.319, 323, Rem.); Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.198); Markhaseva, 2008 (p.10, 12, 14, Rem.: p.15)
Rem.:
Anciennement inclus dans la famille des Bathypontiidae, mais considéré par Markhaseva (2008) comme appartenant à la famille des Arctokonstantinidae.
Total: 1 sp.
Total: 1 sp.