Scaphocalanus curtus - Fiche d'espèce - Copépodes planctoniques marins

Scaphocalanus curtus Farran, 1926 (F,M1)

Taxonomy

Ordre Calanoida

détails

Superfamille Clausocalanoidea

détails

Famille Scolecitrichidae

détails

Genre Scaphocalanus

détails liste des espèces pour ce genre

Abréviations ou symboles

Synonymie

Scolecithrix curta Farran, 1926 (p.259, Descr.F, figs.F);
Scaphocalanus temporalis (M) Tanaka, 1953 (p.132);
? Scaphocalanus longifurca (M) : Tanaka, 1961 a (p.178);
Scaphocalanus similis Hure & Scotto di Carlo, 1968 a (p.157, figs.F); Hure & al., 1980 (p.298); Park, 1982 (p.122, figs.F,M); Kovalev & Shmeleva, 1982 (p.84); Scotto di Carlo & al., 1984 (1042); Scotto di Carlo & al., 1991 (p.271); Pancucci-Papadopoulou & al., 1992 (p.374); Vukanic, 2003 (139, tab.1); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.790, figs.F, Rem.); Mazzocchi & Di Capua, 2010 (p.427); Mazzocchi & al., 2011 (p.1163, fig.6, long-term time-series 1984-2006); Mazzocchi & al., 2012 (p.135, annual abundance 1984-2006); Belmonte, 2018 (p.273, Table I: Italian zones); Hirai & al., 2020 (p.1, Fig. 5: cluster analysis (OTU), spatial distribution).
? Scaphocalanus subcurtus Park, 1970 (p.476, 499, figs.F); Björnberg, 1963 (p.41, fig.F); Jeronimo Corral & Alvarez-Ossorio, 1978 (p.138); Kovalev & Shmeleva, 1982 (p.84); Vyshkvartzeva, 1993 (p.26, figs.F, Rem; Medellin-Mora & Navas S., 2010 (p.265, Tab. 2); Belmonte, 2018 (p.273, Table I: Italian zones)
Scaphocalanus glacialis Tanaka, 1953 (p.132 : nom. nud.); Park, 1982 (p.77)

Références

Liste des auteurs étudiés

Farran, 1929 (p.209, 250); Rose, 1933 a (p.149, figs.F); Tanaka, 1961 a (p.183, figs.F, M); Vervoort, 1965 (p.64, Rem.); Hure & Scotto di Carlo, 1968 a (p.153, figs.F); Park, 1970 (p.497, figs.F,M, Rem.: p: 499) Bradford, 1973 (p.143); Björnberg & al., 1981 (p.637, fig.F); Park, 1982 (p.76); Bradford & al., 1983 (p.96, Rem.F, figs.F); Vyshkvartzeva, 1993 (p.13, figs.F,M, Rem); Campaner, 1984 a (p.167, figs.F, Rem.F); Roe, 1984 (p.357); Mazzocchi & al., 1995 (p.192, figs.F, Rem.); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.881, 932, figs.F,M); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.758, figs.F,M, Rem.)

Figures

Planche 1 issued from : T. Park in Biology of the Antarctic Seas XI, Antarct. Res. Ser, 1982, 34. [p.123, Fig.29]. As Scaphocalanus similis.
Female: a, forehead (lateral); b, last thoracic segment and urosome (lateral left side); c, P1 (anterior); d, P2 (posterior); e, P3 (posterior).
Nota: The only difference shown by the present specimens from S. similis is the form of the last metasomal segment, which in lateral view is widely rounded instead of being narrowly rounded as illustrated by Hure & Scotto di Carlo (1968).

Species Scaphocalanus curtus - Planche 2 of morphological figures

Planche 2 Issued from: M.G. Mazzocchi, G. Zagami, A. Ianora, L. Guglielmo & J. Hure in Atlas of Marine Zooplankton Straits of Magellan. Copepods. L. Guglielmo & A. Ianora (Eds.), 1995. [p.193, Fig.3.34.1].
Female: A, habitus (dorsal); B, urosome (dorsal); C, idem (lateral left side); D, P1.
Nota: Head and 1st thoracic segment fused, 4th and 5th incompletely separated. Proportional lengths of urosomites and furca 34:18:18:10:20 = 100.

Species Scaphocalanus curtus - Planche 3 of morphological figures

Planche 3 Issued from : T. S. Park in Bull. Mar. Sc., 1970, 20 (2). [p.498, Figs.103-112]. Identified as Scaphocalanus curtus Farran (1926).
Female: 103, habitus (dorsal); 104, forehead (lateral); 105, posterior part of metasome and urosome (lateral left side); 106, A2; 107, Mx1; 108, P1 (anterior); 109, P2 (posterior); 110, P3 (posterior); 111, P4 (posterior).
Nota: Mx1 with 10, 2, and 3 setae on 1st, 2nd and 3rd inner lobes, respectively; 5 setae on basis; 3+5 on endopod; 6 setae on exopod; and 9 setae on outer lobe. P5 lacking.

Male: 112, P5 (endopod of right leg broken off), posterior. ;

Species Scaphocalanus curtus - Planche 4 of morphological figures

Planche 4 Issued from : T. S. Park in Bull. Mar. Sc., 1970, 20 (2). [p.500, Figs.113-119]. As Scaphocalanus subcurtus. With doubt.
Female: 113, habitus (dorsal); 114, forehead (lateral); 115, posterior part of metasome and urosome (lateralleft side); 116, P1 (anterior); 117, P2 (posterior); 118, P3 (posterior); 119, P4 (posterior.
Nota: Mouthparts as in Scaphocalanus curtus (Farran). Endopod of P1 with 4 setae (against 5 in curtus). P5 lacking.

Species Scaphocalanus curtus - Planche 5 of morphological figures

Planche 5 Issued from: M.G. Mazzocchi, G. Zagami, A. Ianora, L. Guglielmo & J. Hure in Atlas of Marine Zooplankton Straits of Magellan. Copepods. L. Guglielmo & A. Ianora (Eds.), 1995. [p.194, Fig.3.34.2].
Female (SEM preparation): B, A1 with transparent strip (arrows); C, urosome (ventral); D, idem (lateral left side).

Species Scaphocalanus curtus - Planche 6 of morphological figures

Planche 6 issued from : A.F. Campaner in Bolm. Zool., Univ. S. Paulo, 1984, 6 . [p.168, Fig.2a-d].
Female (off Rio de Janeiro): a, P1 (anterior); a1, spine (lessouter terminal basipodal segment 2 on P1, another specimen)b, P2 (posterior); c, P3 (posterior); c1, endopodite of P3 (anterior); d, P4 (posterior; d1, endopodite of P4.

Species Scaphocalanus curtus - Planche 7 of morphological figures

Planche 7 issued from : N.V. Vyshkvartzeva in Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas, 1993, 45 (53). [p.14, Fig.1].
Female (from NE Atlantic): 1, habitus (lateral right side); 2, Md; 3, Mx1; 4, Mx2; 5, P1; 6-6a, P2; 7-7a, P3; 8, P4.
Nota: Exopod of Mx1 with 4 setae, endopod with 6 setae

Species Scaphocalanus curtus - Planche 8 of morphological figures

Planche 8 issued from : N.V. Vyshkvartzeva in Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas, 1993, 45 (53). [p.15, Fig.2].
Female: 1, forehead; 2, urosome (lateral right side); 3, idem (ventral); 4, A1; 5, A2.
Nota: Genital segment as long as wide. 2nd and 3rd urosomal segments much wider than long. 2nd exopodal segment of P1 with an outer spine. Posterior surface of coxa of P4 with some large, lancet-form spines.

Species Scaphocalanus curtus - Planche 9 of morphological figures

Planche 9 issued from : N.V. Vyshkvartzeva in Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas, 1993, 45 (53). [p.16, Fig.3].
Male: 1, habitus (lateral right side); 2, forehead (lateral); 3, rostrum; 4, last thoracic segment and urosome (lateralright side); 5, A1; 6, Md (mandibular palp); 7, Mx1; 8, Mxp; 9, P1; 10, basipod and endopod segments of P1; 11, P2; 12, P3; 13, P4; 14, P5; 15-16 left leg; 17, right leg.

Species Scaphocalanus curtus - Planche 10 of morphological figures

Planche 10 issued from : N.V. Vyshkvartzeva in Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas, 1993, 45 (53). [p.25, Fig.5]. As Female (from off Mauritania): 1, habitus (lateral right side); 2, idem (dorsal); 3, forehead (lateral); 4, last thoracic segment and urosome (lateral right side; 5, urosome (ventral); 6, genital segment; 7, A1; 8, A2; 9, Md10, Mx1; 11, Mx2; 12, P1; 13, P2; 14, P3; 15, P4.
Nota: Endopod of P1 with 2 inner setae and 2 distal setae. Exopod of mx1 with 5 setae, endopod with 7 setae. Lg: 0,96-1,20 mm

Species Scaphocalanus curtus - Planche 11 of morphological figures

Planche 11 issued from : O. Tanaka in Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab., 1961, IX (1). [p.184, Fig.124].
Female (from Japan: Sagami Bay): a, habitus (dorsal); b, last thoracic segment and urosomal segment 2 (lateral, right side); c, P1; d, P2.
Nota :
- Cephalothorax and abdomen in the proportional lengths 75 : 25.
- Head and 1st thoracic segment fused, Th4 and Th5 incompletely separate.
- Last thoracic segment with lateral margin bluntly angular in lateral view.
- Rostral filaments long and slender.
- Urosomal segments and caudal rami in proportional lengths 34 : 20 : 20 : 10 : 16 = 100.
- Caudal rami 2 times as long as wide.
- Endopod of A2 slightly longer than the exopod.
- Terminal spine of exopod of P2 with 21 teeth.
- Terminal spine of exopod of P4 with 19 teeth.
- Posterior surface of exopod and endopod of P2 to P4 furnished with rows of minute spines.
- P5 entirely absent.

Male: e, habitus (dorsal); f, P2; g, P3 (part.); h, P5.

Nota :
- Cephalothorax and urosome in the proprtional lengths 64 : 36.
- Urosomal segments and caudal rami in proportional lengths 8 : 37 : 22 : 22 : 5 : 8 = 100.
- A1 20-segmented on the left (segments 8 to 12 fused, 24-25 fused); 19-segmented on the right side, extend to the end of the thorax.
- Terminal spine of exopod of P2 with about 34 teeth.
- P5 reaches back to the middle of the 3rd urosomal segment ; Rright leg with a long endopod, the distal end of the 1st segment of the exopod not produced ; left leg with a short exopod, endopod 2-segmented.

Species Scaphocalanus curtus - Planche 12 of morphological figures

Planche 12 issued from : G.P. Farran in Biscayan Plankton collected during a Cruise of H.M.S. 'Research', 1900.- Part XIV. The Copepoda. (Linn. Journ. Zoology, XXXVI, 1926). [p.304, Pl.7, Figs.1-6]. As Scolecithrix curta.
Female: 1-2, habitus (lateral and dorsal, respectively); 3, P1; 4, basipod 2 and endopod of P1 (another specimen); 5, P2; 6, P3.

Species Scaphocalanus curtus - Planche 13 of morphological figures

Planche 13 issued from : T.K.S. Björnberg in Bol. Inst. Oceanogr., Sao Paulo, 1963, XIII, 1. [p.42, Fig.22].
Female (25°15'-33°02'S, 46°18'-48°28'W): P4.

Planche 14 issued from : O. Tanaka in Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab., 1961, IX (1). [p.185]
Male: Proportional lengths of the segments of A1.

Références complémentaires

Liste des auteurs étudiés

Sewell, 1948 (p.349, 502, 546, 550); Björnberg, 1963 (p.41, Rem.); Grice & Hulsemann, 1965 (p.224); 1967 (p.16); Furuhashi, 1966 a (p.295, vertical distribution in Kuroshio/Oyashio regions, Table 7, 9, 10); Fleminger, 1967 a (tabl.1); Park, 1970 (p.476); Roe, 1972 (p.277, tabl.1, tabl.2); Björnberg, 1973 (p.331, 389); Vives & al., 1975 (p.43, tab.II, III); Carter, 1977 (1978) (p.35); Dessier, 1979 (p.205); Vives, 1982 (p.292); Kovalev & Shmeleva, 1982 (p.84); Dessier, 1983 (p.89, Tableau 1, Rem., %); Scotto di Carlo & Ianora, 1983 (p.150); Scotto di Carlo & al., 1984 (1042); Brenning, 1984 (p.4, Rem.); 1985 a (p.28, Table 2); Brinton & al., 1986 (p.228, Table 1); Lozano Soldevilla & al., 1988 (p.58); Scotto di Carlo & al., 1991 (p.270); Gopalakrishnan & Balachandran, 1992 (p.167, figs.1, 4, Table 1, 2); Hure & Krsinic, 1998 (p.101); Gopalakrishnan & Saraledevi, 1998 (p.132, fig.5, chart); Suarez-Morales & Gasca, 1998 a (p.111); Razouls & al., 2000 (p.343, Appendix); Holmes, 2001 (p.58); Vukanic, 2003 (139, tab.1); Kuriyama & Nishida, 2006 (p.299: Tab.II; p.309: Tab.III, fig.7, 10, vertical distribution); Raybaud & al., 2008 (p.1765, Table A1); Brugnano & al., 2010 (p.312, Table 3); Cornils & al., 2010 (p.2076, Table 3); Schnack-Schiel & al., 2010 (p.2064, Table 2: E Atlantic subtropical/tropical); Mazzocchi & Di Capua, 2010 (p.427); Tutasi & al., 2011 (p.791, Table 2, abundance); Hidalgo & al., 2012 (p.134, Table 2) ; in CalCOFI regional list (MDO, Nov. 2013; M. Ohman, comm. pers.); Lidvanov & al., 2013 (p.290, Table 2, % composition); Zaafa & al., 2014 (p.67, Table I, occurrence); Bonecker & al., 2014 (p.445, Table II: frequency, horizontal & vertical distributions); Benedetti & al., 2016 (p.159, Table I, fig.1, functional characters); El Arraj & al., 2017 (p.272, table 2); Benedetti & al., 2018 (p.1, Fig.2: ecological functional group); Belmonte, 2018 (p.273, Table I: Italian zones).

Distribution

NZ: 17

Carte de distribution de Scaphocalanus curtus par zones géographiques

Distribution map of Scaphocalanus curtus for the Zone Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea

Distribution map of Scaphocalanus curtus for the Zone Indian Ocean

Distribution map of Scaphocalanus curtus and for the Zone Sub-Antarctic

Cartes et graphiques additionels

Espèce Scaphocalanus curtus - Carte de distribution 5

Carte 5 issued from : Gopalakrishnan & Saraledevi in Pelagic Biogeography ICoPB II. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference. Final report of SCOR/IOC working group 93. Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands 9-14 July 1995. Workshop Report No.142. UNESCO, 1998. [p.131, Fig.5].
Distribution and abundance in number of specimens/standard haul of Scaphocalanus curtus in the Indian Ocean.

Localisations

Glossaire géographique

sub-Antarct. (SE Pacif.), South Africa (E) (off Durban, Natal), Namibia, Congo, G. of Guinea, off Morocco-Mauritania, Canary Is., off Madeira, Brazil, off Rio de Janeiro, off Amazon, Caribbean Sea, Caribbean Colombia, G. of Mexico, Florida, off Portugal, off W Cabo Finisterre, Bay of Biscay, off W Ireland, Ibero-moroccan Bay, off W Tangier, Medit. (M"Diq, Alboran Sea, NW Basin, Ligurian Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea, Naples, Strait of Messina, Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Lebanon Basin), Indonesia (SW Celebes), SW Indian, Japan (Sagami Bay), SW Australia, New Zealand, California, Gulf of California, Galapagos-Ecuador, Chile, off Santiago, Straits of Magellan (Pacific area)

Citations

N: 62

Dimensions (mm)

Références de auteurs concernant les dimensions

(16) F: 1,060-1,034; M: 1,25; (35) F: 1,18-0,96; (36) F: 1,23-1,12; (38) F: 1,3-1,06; (108) F: 1,76-1,45; M: 1,9; (199) F: 1,6-0,99; M: 1,22; (237) F: 1,0; M: 0,95; (532) F: 1,05-0,93; (533) F: 1,16-0,99; (992) F: 0,93-1,3; M: 1,22-1,35; (1000) F: 1,6 ± 0,1; (1111) M: 1,34; {F: 0,93-1,76; M: 0,95-1,90}

Remarques

Epi-méso-bathypélagique; épipélagique (in Farran, 1929).
Sampling depth (sub-Antarct.) : 100-500 m.
Un doute subsiste sur les attributions des mâles de S. longifurca et S. curtus in Tanaka (1961 a), de même que la synonymie avec S. subcurtus.

Voir aussi les remarques en anglais

Dernière mise à jour : 25/10/2022