Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus - Fiche d'espèce

Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus Farran, 1908 (F,M)

Taxonomy

Ordre Calanoida

détails

Superfamille Arietelloidea

détails

Famille Heterorhabdidae

détails

Genre Paraheterorhabdus

détails liste des espèces pour ce genre

Sub-Genus Paraheterorhabdus

details

Abréviations ou symboles

Synonymie

Heterorhabdus vipera : Farran, 1905 (p.45);
no Heterorhabdus robustoides Brodsky, 1950 (1967) (p.346, figs.F,M); Minoda, 1971 (p.38); 1972 (p.326); Morioka, 1972 a (p.314); ? Hattori, 1991 (tab.1, Appendix); ? Park, W & al., 2004 (p.464, tab.1); ? Sedova & Grigoriev, 2005 (p.112);
no Heterorhabdus robustus : Farran, 1929 (p.266);
Heterorhabdus robustus Farran, 1908 b (p.65, figs.F,M, Rem.); Lysholm & Nordgaard, 1921 (p.26); Sars, 1925 (p.224, figs.F,M); Farran, 1926 (p.283); Rose, 1933 a (p.201, figs.F,M); Jespersen, 1934 (p.105); 1940 (p.54); Lysholm & al., 1945 (p.35); Farran, 1948 e (n°16, p.3, figs.F,M); Vervoort, 1951 (p.129, Rem.); Tanaka, 1960 (p.53: Rem.Grice, 1963 a (p.496); ? Tanaka, 1964 a (p.18, figs.F,M); Heptner, 1971 (p.157, figs.F, M); Harding, 1974 (p.141, tab. 2, gut contents); Kos, 19876 (Vol. II, figs. F,M, Rem.); Deevey & Brooks, 1977 (p.256, tab.2, Station "S"); Brenning, 1986 (p.13, Rem.); Nishida & Ohtsuka, 1996 (p.620); Bradford-Grieve & al., 1999 (p.883, 944, figs.F,M); Holmes, 2001 (p.16); Boxshall & Halsey, 2004 (p.125: figs.F,M); Vives & Shmeleva, 2007 (p.305, figs.F,M, Rem.); Cabal & al., 2008 (289, Table 1);
Ref. compl.: Sewell, 1948 (p.503, 514); C.B. Wilson, 1950 (p.240); Furuhashi, 1966 a (p.295, vertical distribution in Oyashio region, Table 6, 8); Grice & Hulsemann, 1967 (p.18); Morris, 1970 (p.2301); Park, 1970 (p.477); Roe, 1972 (p.277, tabl.1, tabl.2); Bainbridge, 1972 (p.61, Appendix Table III: occurrence); Björnberg, 1973 (p.345, 387); Vives & al., 1975 (p.50, tab.II, XII); Deevey & Brooks, 1977 (p.256, tab.2, Station "S"); Vives, 1982 (p.293); Roe, 1984 (p.358); Brenning, 1985 a (p.28, Table 2); Homma & al., 2011 (p.29, Table 3, abundance).
Heterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus: Vervoort, 1965 (p.117, Rem.); Bradford-Grieve,1999 b (p.85, figs.F,M, Rem., figs.175, 191);

Références

Liste des auteurs étudiés

Ohtsuka & al., 1997 (p.579, fig.F); Park, 2000 (p.73, figs. F,M, Rem.)

Figures

Planche 1 issued from : T. Park in Bull. Scripps institution Univ. California, San Diego, 2000, 31. [p.195, Fig.43].
Female: a, habitus (left side); b, urosome (left side); c, idem (dorsal); d, forehead (left side); e, idem (dorsal); f, genital somite (ventral); g, idem (left side); h, left A1; i, left A2 (posterior).

Species Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus - Planche 2 of morphological figures

Planche 2 issued from : T. Park in Bull. Scripps institution Univ. California, San Diego, 2000, 31. [p.196, Fig.44].
Female: a, left Md (posterior); b, masticatory edge of right Md (posterior); c, left Mx1 (posterior); d, left Mx2 (posterior); e, right Mxp (anterior; asp: anterior spine; psp: posterior spine); f, first leg (anterior); g, idem with distal segments of rami omitted (posterior); h, second leg (anterior); i, third leg (anterior); j, fourth leg (anterior); k, fifth leg (anterior)

Species Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus - Planche 3 of morphological figures

Planche 3 issued from : T. Park in Bull. Scripps institution Univ. California, San Diego, 2000, 31. [p.197, Fig.45].
Male: b, urosome (dorsal view); c, A1; d, leg5 with endopods omitted (posterior); e, leg5 with distal exopodal segments omitted (anterior); f, basipod of right 5th leg; g, two distal exopodal segments of right 5th leg (posterior); h, exopod of right 5th leg (anterior); i, exopod of left 5th leg (anterior); j, second exopodal segment of right 5th leg (anterior); k, exopod of 5th leg (anterior); l, idem (posterior)

Species Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus - Planche 4 of morphological figures

Planche 4 issued from : O. Tanaka in Publs Seto Mar. Biol. Lab., 1964, XII (1). [p.19, Fig.182]. As Heterorhabdus robustus.
Female: a, habitus (dorsal); b, last thoracic segment and urosome (left lateral side); c, d, biting part of Md; e, Mx2; f, Mxp; g, P5.
Nota: The urosome segments and furca are in the proportional lengths as 34:15:13:12:26 = 100; thre is a row of small denticles on the periphery of the genital opening (lateral view).

Male: h, P5. Nota: The urosome segments and furca are in the proportional lengths as 19:15:15:17:8:28 (left) = 100. Right A1 reaches back to the end of the anal segment. left A1 modified into a grasping organ.

Species Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus - Planche 5 of morphological figures

Planche 5 issued from : J.M. Bradford-Grieve in The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Pelagic Calanoid Copepoda. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 111, 1999. [p.86, Fig.53]. As Heterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus.
Female: A, genital somite (left lateral side); B, Mxp (basipod 1); C, P5.

Male: D, P5.

Species Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus - Planche 6 of morphological figures

Planche 6 Issued from : G.O. Sars in Résult. Camp. Scient. Prince Albert I, 69, pls.1-127 (1924). [Pl.LXI, figs.1-16]. As Heterorhabdus robustus.
Female: 1, habitus (dorsal); 2, idem (lateral left side); 3, rostrum; 4, A2; 5, Md; 6, left Md (biting edge); 7, Mx1; 8, Mx2; 9, Mxp; 10, P1; 11, P2; 12, P3; 13, P5; 14, anal segment and caudal rami (dorsal).

Male: 15, habitus (dorsal); 16, P5.

Species Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus - Planche 7 of morphological figures

Planche 7 Issued from : K.A. Brodskii in Calanoida of the Far Eastern Seas and Polar Basin of the USSR. Opred. Fauna SSSR, 1950, 35 (Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1967) [p.347, Fig.243]. As Heterorhabdus robustoides.
Female (from NW Pacific): habitus (dorsal and lateral left side); R, rostrum; M Ri, Md (biting edge, right side view); M Le, Md (biting edge, left side view); Mp2, Mxp; S1, P1; S3, P3; S5, P6.

Male: S5, P5 (Le = left leg; Ri = right leg).

Species Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus - Planche 8 of morphological figures

Planche 8 issued from : M.V. Heptner in Trudy. Inst. Okeanol., 1971, 92. [p.157, Fig.39]. As Heterorhabdus robustus.
Female & Male (from Kuril-Kamchatka Trench).

Species Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus - Planche 9 of morphological figures

Planche 9 issued from : G.P. Farran in Fish. Ire. Sci. Invest., 1906, II [1908]. [Pl. VII, Figs.1-10]. As Heterorhabdus robustus.
Female (from W Ireland): 1-2, habitus (dorsal and lateral, respectively); 3, anal segment and caudal rami (dorsal); 4, left Md (biting edge); 5, right Md (biting edge); 6, Mx2; 7, Mx1 ( exopod and endopod); 9, P5; 10, P2.

Species Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus - Planche 10 of morphological figures

Planche 10 issued from : G.P. Farran in Fish. Ire. Sci. Invest., 1906, II [1908]. [Pl. VII, Fig.8]. As Heterorhabdus robustus.
Male: 8, P5.

Planche 11 Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus female: 1 - Left caudal ramus distinctly longer than right and completely fused with anal segment (Fig.43-c)
2 - Dorsally, posterolateral corners of prosome angular (Fig.43-c).
3 - Laterally, 2nd urosomal somite (Fig.43-b) without a swelling along ventral margin.
4 - Laterally, posterior slope of genital prominence straight (Fig.43-g).
5 - Genital somite about as long as wide (Fig.43-c).
6 - Ventrally, genital operculum (Fig.43-f) wider than long.

Planche 12 Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus female:
1 - Left caudal ramus distinctly longer than right and completely fused with anal segment (Fig.45-b).
2 - Basis of right P5 with conical inner lobe (Fig.45-e).
3 - P5 with relatively slender exopods (Fig.45-d); medial projection of 2nd exopodal segment of right P5 without a lobe on distal side.
4 - Medial projection of 2nd exopodal segment of right P5 toothlike (Fig.45-j).
5 - In 3rd exopodal segment of left P5(Fig.45-d), inner spine much higher in position than outer spine.

Références complémentaires

Liste des auteurs étudiés

Galbraith, 2009 (pers. comm.); Park & Ferrari, 2009 (p.143, fig.1, biogeography); Zaafa & al., 2014 (p.67, Table I: as Fleterarhabdus mbustus lapsus calami , occurrence): Chiba S. & al., 2015 (p.968, Table 1: length vs climate); El Arraj & al., 2017 (p.272, table 2, spatial distribution);

Distribution

NZ: 14

Carte de distribution de Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus par zones géographiques

Distribution map of Paraheterorhabdus (Paraheterorhabdus) robustus for the Zone Indian Ocean

Localisations

Glossaire géographique

Atlant. (South tropical), G. of Guinea, off Lagos, off Mauritania, Canary Islands, Azores, off Ireland ( S & W), off Cap Finisterre, Bay of Biscay, S Davis Strait, Iceland, Faroe Is., G. of Mexico, off Bermuda (Station "S"), Sargasso Sea, off E Cape Cod, ? off Newfoundland E, Ibero-moroccan Bay, off W Tangier, Mozambique Channel, SW Indian, Malay Archipelago, Philippines, Japan (Sagami), Nansei Is., Kuril-Kamchatka, Bering Sea, Pacif. (central, subarctic), S Aleutian Is., ? G. of Alaska (Icy Strait), off British Columbia, S California, off Colombia, Chile N & S (sub-Antarctic), New Zealand (SW North Island), Tasman Sea, ? Antarctic (in Farran, 1929)

Citations

N: 41

Dimensions (mm)

Références de auteurs concernant les dimensions

(1) F: 3,7; (16) F: 3,7-3,05; (22) F: 5-4,8; M: 4,8-4,6; (23) F: 4,9-5,3; M: 4,75-5,25; (24) F: 4-3,5; M: 3,7-3,4; (38) F: 3,6-3,48; M: 3,36; ? (121) F: 4,75-3,83; M: 4,9-3,45; (199) F: 3,57-3,34; M: 3,5-3,12; (208) F: 5; M: 5,3-4,4; (808) F: 3,4-3,16; (824) F: 4,16-2,92; M: 3,96-2,92; (909) F: 3,2-3,4; M: 3,2; (1108) F: 2,96-3,57; {F: 2,92-5,30; M: 2,92-5,30}

Chiba S. & al., 2015 (p.971, Table 1: Total length female (June-July) = 4.1 mm [optimal SST (°C) = 7.4].

Remarques

méso-bathypélagique.
Certaines localisations sont douteuses faute de connaître les documents faunistiques utilisés par les auteurs, notamment dans le Pacifique nord.
Sa présence dans le sub-Antarctique nécessite confirmation.

Voir aussi les remarques en anglais

Dernière mise à jour : 28/10/2022